REDUCE,

23. 7836d. to pounds: and 7168f. to pounds?
24. 16094f. to pounds: 8064d. to guineas?
25. 75096d. to crowns: 17019f. to pounds?

26. 86063f. to pounds: 7486d. to half-crowns ?
27. 196098 fourpences to pounds: 8064d. to crowns?
28. 790483 half-crowns to guineas: 17609f. to pounds?
29. 17028lbs. to cwts.: 33124ozs. to cwts?

30. 18672drs. to cwts. : 9069lbs. to cwts.?

31.9067 fourpences to pounds: 190694lbs. to tons?
32. 14018ins. to perches: 170986yds. to miles?
33. 18698ins. to yards: 180690ft. to miles?
34. 96063ft. to miles: 7086per. to miles?
35. 18069per. to acres: 190696yds. to acres?
36. 17906per. to acres: 28556yds. to acres?

37. 8609sq. ft. to yards: 701856ins. to square feet?

38. 51126mins. to days: 47016hrs. to years?

39. 7020 fivepences to shillings: 9015 sixpences to crowns? 40. 178800secs. to days: 5020nls. to ells?

41. 28800grs. to pounds: 5064dwts. to pounds?

42. 67224grs. to pounds: 7060ozs. (Troy) to pounds?
43. 10609nls. to ells: 105680per. to square miles?

44. 196890sq. yds. to acres: 228096rds. to square miles?
45. 59016sq. per. to acres: 1846sq. chains to acres?
46. 4016 half-crowns to pounds: 5019 crowns to guineas?
47. 7908 tenpences to pounds: 18019f. to pounds?
48. 8100 fourpences to crowns: 19047s. to guineas?
49. 3260950sq. yds. to acres: 1762 English miles to Irish?
50. 14869sq. per. to acres: 19009sq. yds. to acres?

ANSWERS TO THE EXAMPLES IN REDUCTION.

1. 146880d.: 806880f.

2. 461742f.: 90960hlf.d.
3. 1421759f.: 12852d.
4. 19199f.: 476crns.+1s.
5.91171hlf-d.: 341hlf-cr.
6. 21840n. d.: 3823f.
7. 4300hlf-cr.+2s.: 936f.

8.5582lb.: 69292lb.
9. 19708lb.: 160606hlf. lb
10. 2604st.: 23591b.
11. 560890oz.: 941drs.
12. 228081lb.: 1440drs.
13. 584per.; 429per.
14. 28155per.: 50759 sq. yds.
15. 88416hrs.: 186068min.
16. 1258hrs.: 11835600secs.

17. 46two d. hlf.d.: 1862f.
18. 18865yds.: 20150per.
19. 212152grs.: 805854grs.
20. 788178grs. ; 232278grs.
21. 221637600scs.: 33536oz.
22. 93573240min.; 85789yds.
23. £32 13s.: £7 9s. 4d.
24. £16 15s. 31d.: 32gns.
25. 1251cr.+3s.: £17 14s. 6d.
26. £89 12s.114d.: 249h-c.+16d
27. £3268 6s.; 134cr.+2s.
28. 94105gns.+2s. 6d. :

£18 6s. 101d.

29. 152cwt. Oqrs. 4lb.:

18cwt. 1qr. 26lb. 4oz. 30. 2q. 16lb. 5oz.: 80c. 3q. 25lb.

31. £151 2s. 4d.: 85t. 2c. 2q. 14lb 41. 5lb.: 21lb loz. 3dwt. 32. 70p.4y.1ft.2i.: 97m.1f. 8p.2y. 42. 11lb. 8oz. 1dwt.: 588lb. 4oz. 33. 519y.lft.2i.: 34m.1f.30p.5y. 43. 530el 2q.1nl.: 1sq.m. 20a.2r. 34. 18m. 1f. 22p.: 22m. 1f. 6p. 44. 40a.2r.28p.23y.; 89sq.m.64a. 35. 112a. 3r. 29p.: 39a. 1r. 24p. 45. 368a 3r. 16p.: 184a. 2r. 16p. 36. 111a. 3r. 26p.: 5a. 3r. 24p. 46. £502: 1195gns. 37. 956sq.y. 5sq.ft.: 4874sq.ft. 47. £329 10s.: £18 15s. 4 d. 38. 35ds. 12h. 6m.: 5yrs. 134ds. 48. 540crs.: 907gns. 39. 2925s.: 901 crs. 49. 673a. 3r.: 1384m. 3f. 17p. ly. 50. 92a.3r. 29p.: 3a.3r. 28p. 12y.

40. 2ds. 1hr. 40min.: 251 ells.

COMPOUND ADDITION.

59. When the addends are of different denominations it is COMPOUND ADDITION.

RULE-1o. Set down the addends so that the same denominations may stand under each other.

2. Commencing at the right hand, or lowest denomination, add it up; find how many ones or units of the next higher denomination in the sum; set down the remainder (if any), and carry the ones to the next denomination, and so on.

Ex. 1. Add £67 16s. 8d.; £100 13s. 7d.; £166 16s. 103d?

=

£ s. d. 67 16 8 100 13 73 168 16 10

337 7 2

We begin by adding the farthings, and find their sum 7f.: penny and we write the under the farthings, and carry the 1d. to the pence. We find the sum of the pence column 26, and 26d. · 28 2d., set down the 2d., and carry the 2s. In adding the shillings, we say, 2 and 6 are 8, 8 and 3 are 11, 11 and 6 are 17, set down 7 and carry 1. This 1 and the 3 ones in the tens' column make 4; we say half of 4 is two, and carry 2 to the pounds, because there will be half as many pounds as tens in the shillings. If the sum of the tens be odd we write down 1, and carry the half of the next smaller even number. (See note 16.)

Ex. 2. Add 148cwt. 2qrs. 16lb.; 96cwt. 3qrs. 221b.; 149cwt. 1qr. 10lb.; 729cwt. 3qrs. 23lb?

In this example we add the column lb, and find the sum 71. Now, as 28lb.=1qr, we divide 71 by 28, which gives 2qrs. 15lb. quotient: we set down the 15lb. and carry 2. We find the sum of the quarters 11, this divided by 4, gives 2cwt. 3qrs. We set down the 3 and carry 2, to the addition of the cwts.

cwt. qr. lb. 148 2 19

96 3 22

149 1 10

729 3 23

1124 3 15