Vol. IV, No. 1

The Weekly News-Magazine

NATIONAL

THE PRESIDENCY Mr. Coolidge's Week

Brigadier General Charles E. Saw-er, White House physician since his -ppointment by President Harding, resigned this post in order to return o his home in Marion and take charge of the active work of building he Harding Memorial. Some $900,000 has been raised for this purpose.

President Coolidge appointed Maor James F. Coupal as White House physician to succeed General Sawyer. Major Coupal is a Massachusetts man who was appointed as physician to the Vice President when Mr. Cooldge first went to Washington. Alhough General Sawyer continued as White House physician after Mr. Coolidge's inauguration, Major Coual remained his personal physician. Major Coupal, by his new assignment, was relieved of his post as Curator of the Army Medical Museum.

Max Sasanoff, until some months go, was an inmate of the Federal Penitentiary at Atlanta. Now he is n Washington to paint a portrait of President Coolidge. Sasanoff, a Rus30-Italian by birth, early attained some reputation as a concert singer. He came to this country, fell in with counterfeiters, was apprehended, convicted, sentenced to Atlanta for three years. While in Atlanta, he attracted attention by painting in the peniteniary chapel a remarkable picture of Christ ministering to the poor. It was claimed that the counterfeiters had orced him to work for them under hreat of death. President Harding ardoned him. It is possible that in Heaven, some day, Sasanoff may be welcomed by Benvenuto Cellini.

Farewell calls-farewell for the Summer-were paid to the President by Ambassador Jusserand of France, and Senators McKinley, Spencer, Sterling, Cameron.

The Washington baseball team, eturning home with a string of nine traight victories, opened a doubleleader with Philadelphia before 30,

July 7, 1924

000 fans. A few minutes after the first game began, Mr. Coolidge, with his wife and two sons, entered the Presidential box. It was terribly hot, but the Coolidges stayed to the end, standing in the lucky seventh and seeing the "Senators" win 5-0 and lose 0-1.

The Democratic Convention caused such a grave disturbance at a Cabinet meeting that the President was obliged to have the radio loud-speaker turned off. The din was too great to allow Secretarial deliberation.

"I am for economy. After that I am for more economy." In proposing to the Government's Business Organization (Budget) that the nation be run on $3,000,000,000 in 1925, Mr. Coolidge thus keynoted, indirectly, his campaign for reëlection. Especially did he assail the national pay-roll, extravagance in government printing.

On the last day of June the President proclaimed the 1924-1925 quotas provided in the new immigration bill. That midnight the bill was law.

CONTENTS

National Affairs Foreign News Books

Science

Page

Music

1-8 9-15 .16-17 17

Art

.17-18

The Theatre

.18-19

Cinema

19

Education

20

20

THE CAMPAIGN At Manhattan

It was an historical spot at which the Democratic National Convention assembled. In the middle of Manhattan's Madison Square Garden, in the pit where the delegates sat, only a few days before ardent swimmers had been splashing. The roof, that had often resounded with cheering of prize-fight fans and from which circus acrobats had dangled in airy peril, was decked with the colors of the nation. The Convention restaurant, every year, had exhibited the freaks of the circus. The theatre in the building, which ordinarily was the seat of indescribable plays set forth in indescribable Yiddish, had been converted into a "Convention Club," as advertising by a large department store.

Into the great circus hall at middaysweltering June midday-poured the delegates. They sweltered and chattered and shouted while the band made merry. The performers began to come; George E. Brennan, boss of Illinois; Thomas Taggart, boss of Indiana; a host of McAdoo leaders-Love of Texas, Long of Missouri, Herring of Iowa; Senator Copeland of New York, came in and went around shaking hands with every delegation.

Promptly 45 minutes late, Cordell Hull, Chairman of the National Committee, called the meeting to order and introduced His Eminence Patrick Cardinal Hayes, who publicly ejaculated:

"O Almighty and Loving Father, in whom we live, move and have our being....

braska, Miss Ruutz-Rees (Headmistress of an exclusive Seminary-for-youngladies in Connecticut) and Newton D. Baker led the Mississippian to the Chair amid cheers.

Keynote. "Chairman Hull, ladies and gentlemen. Forty-eight years ago, in the City of St. Louis, the hosts of Democracy met in convention to dedicate themselves to purging corruption from the public service. We meet today for a rededication to the same service. There was corruption then, there is a saturnalia of corruption now. There were disgraced public officials then, repudiated by their party and under arrest; but today Fall goes unmolested on his ranch in New Mexico, Daugherty sat with Presidential approval in the Convention at Cleveland, and Daugherty's attorney was Chairman of the committee created to oil the steam roller of the worst boss-ridden convention of a generation.

"At the outset let it be understood that this Convention, composed of the militant representatives of the Democracy of the nation, is no cold-storage affair. It is going to be red-hot, highly seasoned, and well prepared.

"The Democratic Party is the friend of business, big and small. .

"In the guarded orchards of this Administration the golden apples of special privilege have been gathered by the favored few. . .

"The American people will know that they are dealing with a system; that even though Hanna, Quay and Penrose are dead, their spirits go marching on in the personages of the Three Musketeers of present-day RepublicanismButler, Stearns and Slemp. These bosses are 'doing business in the same old way, according to the same old rule.

"Henry Cabot Lodge, who made Coolidge at Chicago, and unmade him at Washington, 'with rolling eyes spews fine speech about duty and like phantasmal attempts of his flighty mind,' attempts to weave new webs of intrigue and to again ensnare and mislead the American people.

"The lamented Harding, in his bighearted, sympathetic way, sounded the tocsin call in his New York speech to enter the World Court. That was only a step, but a step in the right direction.

"Would that we might once more see in that exalted position one with the courage of a Jackson, the militant honesty of a Cleveland, the matchless statesmanship, far-flung vision and the fine fighting qualities of a Woodrow Wil

power. It gained admittance to the robbers' cave and participation in the plunder. It has been the inspiration of this Administration's foreign, as well as domestic policy. The magic significance of its flow has awakened the State Department to an interest not only in Mexico and the United States of Colombia, but away off in the Near East. Truly the Administration might have boasted of two 'Secretaries of Oil.' . . .

"Show this Administration an oil well and it will show you a foreign policy. . .

"It would seem now we can hear the soft voice of sweet reasonableness coming to us from Monticello, the voice of 'Old Hickory,' coming across the Blue Ridge from the Hermitage, and from that historic crypt at St. Albans we hear the mighty voice of Woodrow Wilson, wistfully calling to us: "To you, from failing hands, we throw the torch. Hold it high! Hold it high! Carry on, carry on; keep the faith, keep the faith.'"

As Mr. Harrison finished, Cordell Hull, Chairman of the National Committee, fainted (for the third time in two days) and was carried from the platform. Overwork and too much heat.

A "Great Mayor." After the cheers and applause for the keynoter, Senator Harrison had the pleasure of introducing "a great Mayor of a great City in a great State."

Mayor John F. Hylan of New York City came forward and carefully read a long typewritten address, as the perspiring audience gradually left the hall.

Before adjournment, the usual Committees were named.

Next morning the Convention opened promptly 40 minutes late. Bishop Gailor of Tennessee prayed: "O, most gracious God, who hast shown us wonderful things in Thy righteousness. . . ."

Reports. Mrs. Leroy Springs of South Carolina presented the report of the Committee on Credentials. The Committee had had only one contest to decide, and solved that by unseating an alternate from Oregon.

The Chairman of the Committee on Permanent Organization then announced Senator Thomas J. Walsh of Montana as Permanent Chairman of the Convention. As a Committee escorted Senator Walsh to the Chair, Senator Harrison proclaimed "a real Democrat and the greatest investigator in the history of this country."

A demonstration followed. When Senator Walsh had secured order, he delivered a speech, not so eloquent as Senator Harrison's, but of the same significance, concluding: "The honor of our country, the prosperity

"RESOLVED, That the magnificent address of the Temporary Chairman is hereby commended as a Democratic chart during the coming Democratic National Campaign. .

"RESOLVED, That 'Our Pat' is no longer a Mississippian slogan but a national Democratic slogan, and let us all claim it."

Nominating Speeches. "The next order of business," declared Mr. Walsh, "is the presentation of candidates for President of the United States. The Secretary will call the roll of States."

"Alabama," intoned the clerk.

Alabama responded. Mr. Forney Johnston, slender, intellectual, appeared on the platform. Said he:

"My State does not lightly put in nomination a candidate for President. For decade after decade, Alabama has yielded her first place in the roll of States to permit the nomination of some great son by a sister commonwealth. "Upon this occasion

yield."

we

cannot

The Convention, however, was not particularly responsive to Mr. Johnston's remarks until he reached the The subject of the Ku Klux Klan. Convention pricked up its ears as he declared: "The question before this party is whether secret organizations shall be given powers not subject to the Bill of Rights and superior to the elected representatives of the people."

But when he finally mentioned the Klan by name, half of the Convention rose with a shout. Alabama marched down the aisle, New York fell in be hind. Eighteen states, McAdoo states, sat tight, while the marchers shouted: "Get up, you Kleagles!" A fight re sulted from an attempt to snatch the Missouri and Colorado standards into the parade. When the uproar sub, sided, Mr. Johnston named Senator] Underwood.

The enthusiasm of the audience was only moderate, yet Senator Walsh knocked off the head of his gavel pounding for order.

"Arkansas," screamed the clerk. Ex-Governor Charles H. Brough

pas

There was a legal sufficiency of applause and the band played on while some one went in search of exSenator James D. Phelan, who was to nominate Mr. McAdoo for California.

Ex-Senator Phelan did not hold his audience. He went through every word of his lengthy prepared address, De but the delegates were not interested Le and busied themselves with other

subjects. Time and again the enis raged Senator Walsh rapped with his

gavel, demanded order, directed the nd Sergeants-at-arms to clear the aisles. At length the onetime Senator named his man.

Apathy suddenly gave way to excitement. Delegates and non-delegates, men and women masquerading I as cowboys set up a hullabaloo and began to march. At the head of the column on the shoulders of two men was Miss Josephine Dorman, plump San Franciscan in red, white and blue. She sang, shouted, hurrahed for her candidate. She did it till she was red in the face, almost hysterical. Other women joined in the frenzy. Cornetists aggravated it. Cheer

leaders inspired it. Songs bolstered it. Those who took part were the group opposite to that which had paraded against the Ku Klux Klan. The Herculean effort wore itself out at the end of 55 minutes and the Convention called it a day.

Third Day. The next morning's proceedings were begun by Miss May Kennedy of New York, Vice Chairman of the Convention, who said: "Mine is a unique privilege."

The Secretary resumed his roll call: "Colorado!"

Governor Sweet of that state seconded the nomination of Mr. McAdoo -with interruptions by Smith followers.

"Connecticut," called the Secretary. "Connecticut yields to the great Empire State of New York!"

When Mr. Roosevelt had finished, the Smith organization set out to stage an even greater demonstration than McAdoo's. They kept it up, with noise-machines, music, howls. There were fewer delegates in the demonstration and more outside talent than in Mr. McAdoo's. The demonstration was magnificently stage-managed; William Allen White said: "Belasco at his best could not have done better." It lasted 73 minutes and broke out again for 10 minutes after an interruption.

The roll call continued.

For Delaware, Senator Thomas F. Bayard nominated Willard Saulsbury, a former Senator. Moderate applause.

Florida yielded to Missouri, and Charles M. Hay seconded the nomination of McAdoo in an able speech. Enthusiasm was becoming exhausted; there was moderate applause.

Georgia and Idaho had no candidates. Illinois placed in nomination David F. Houston, former Secretary of Agriculture, also of the Treasury. But Illinois had not finished. Another delegate seconded the nomination of

Smith. A third seconded the nomination of McAdoo.

Indiana nominated Senator Samuel M. Ralston-in 239 words. Indiana rose, cheering and singing. Anna Case sang On the Banks of the Wabash.

A blind delegate from Iowa seconded Governor Smith.

Kansas nominated her Governor, Jonathan M. Davis. The Kansas delegation demonstrated with sunflowers.

Kentucky yielded to Oregon, and a woman delegate seconded the McAdoo nomination.

Maine seconded the nomination of Underwood.

Maryland nominated Governor Albert C. Ritchie. The speech was well received. Maryland paraded, carrying the flag of Lord Baltimore. Michigan, New Jersey, Delaware, Minnesota joined.

Massachusetts seconded Governor Smith as the man "who never equivocates." The Smith howlers, mostly nondelegates, set to work again, ceasing only when Senator Walsh threatened to move the Convention elsewhere.

Michigan nominated Senator Woodbridge N. Ferris to mild applause.

By this time it was late in another afternoon. The McAdoo men wanted an evening session to get the nominating business out of the way in hope that a few ballots might be taken before the platform, and hence the Ku Klux Klan issue, came before the 'delegates. The Anti-McAdooites wanted to adjourn for the day. Senator Walsh called twice for "Ayes" and "Noes" but could not decide. A roll call was taken and adjournment was made until the next morning by vote of 559 to 513. This was the first defeat of the McAdoo leaders; but conspiring against them were a prize fight and other diversions which the delegates looked forward to that evening.

The roll call proceeds. Next morning the Convention opened promptly an hour and 10 minutes late. The roll call proceeded.

Minnesota seconded Smith's nomina

tion.

Mississippi yielded to Ohio, and Newton D. Baker came forward to nominate, or rather to renominate, James M. Cox. He spoke mostly about Wilson and the League of Nations, and carried the audience with him in his demand for a return to "Wilson principles." When he had done, Ohio stood on its chairs and demonstrated, with the aid of Glee Clubs, for a quarter of an hour.

Montana sent up Mayor Maloney, of Butte, to second Smith. He was too hoarse to speak and Chairman Walsh was obliged to announce what Mr. Ma

loney would have, if he could have been understood. Then Sam V. Stewart of the same State seconded McAdoo on behalf of "seven-eighths of the delegation."

Nebraska read a speech nominating its Governor, Charles W. Bryan, "brother of famous Bryan." William J. was given good mention, but the speech was not inspiring. Afterwards Nebraska, followed by Georgia, Oregon, Montana, paraded.

Nevada was silent.

New Hampshire nominated for the first time in 72 years. It named Governor Fred H. Brown, once a National League baseball player. The home delegation paraded.

New Jersey sent up John E. Matthews to nominate Governor Silzer. New Jersey started a jaded parade, followed by New York, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin. A pretty girl on the platform turned round and round, holding aloft the Governor's picture; another waved a flag; a glee club yowled intermittently. It was hard work, but lasted almost half an hour. Another New Jerseyan seconded Mr. Silzer.

New Mexico and North Carolina answered not.

North Dakota sent up a Catholic who denounced the Klan. There was a spontaneous roar, mostly from the galleries. The anti-Klan delegates rose in demonstration. Texas, Georgia and other delegations, pro-McAdoo and pro-Klan, kept their seats-as was to be expected since there were a good number of Klansmen among them. Then he went on to second McAdoo. At this, those who had been cheering sat down abruptly, and those who had been seated arose shouting.

Oklahoma held her peace. Pennsylvania sent up a bevy of speakers who seconded in turn Smith, Underwood, Ritchie, McAdoo. A fifth speaker was about to second someone else when he was howled off.

Rhode Island passed by her great opportunity.

South Carolina sent up Mrs. Leroy Springs, most elegantly gowned, to second McAdoo in a poetical oration.

South Dakota modestly declined.
Tennessee seconded McAdoo.
Texas passed.

Utah seconded McAdoo. Vermont yielded to New Hampshire, which sent up a minister from Massachusetts to second Governor Brown.

Virginia sent up her senior Senator, Claude A. Swanson, to nominate her junior Senator, Carter Glass, former

Secretary of the Treasury. For 20 minutes, Virginia and New York maintained a languid march. Then Governor Trinkle seconded Mr. Glass with the declaration: "No man can point the finger of scorn at him except with pride." A woman in her 60's, Mrs. Kate W. Barrett, seconded Mr. Glass again, in an able speech which provoked real applause.

Washington sent up a woman who, in a single sentence, seconded McAdoo.

West Virginia nominated John W. Davis. The crowd was terribly weary, it stood and made a decent amount of noise for five minutes. Then Izetta Jewell Brown, who seconded Mr. Davis in 1920, seconded him again; moreover, she told the very same story as on the previous occasion, about God taking out man's brains and making woman (TIME, June 2). The story had been good before. It was good for a second time and for applause.

Wisconsin seconded Smith. The same group as the day before brought their standards over beside New York's. The howling of the Smith rooters recommenced. Some sirens were set going. Mr. Walsh threatened to have them ejected. The Smith managers shut it off in eight minutes.

"Wyoming," called the Secretary. No answer.

"Alaska, District of Columbia," he went on, "Hawaii, Philippine Islands, Porto Rico, Canal Zone." After each name the delegates sighed with relief. After two and a half days the roll call was over. Sixteen candidates had had themselves nominated. McAdoo had been seconded eleven times, Smith seven times, Underwood and Glass twice each, Silzer, Ritchie. John W. Davis and Brown once each. Two and half days had been worn away in oratory and Fahrenheit heat, interspersed with soulexhausting demonstrations of as much enthusiasm as was thought to be politically effective. Yet an end had been achieved-not the nomination, for a man may be balloted for, who has not been nominated-but a proper psychological state had been created. The delegates had been worn down. Their nerves were no longer in a state to render stubborn resistance to opposing vote getters. A clever politician might now carry them off in the intoxication of fatigue.

Platform. Next morning, promptly an hour and five minutes late, Senator Walsh called the Convention to order. After a few routine matters had been disposed of, Homer S. Cummings of Connecticut, Chairman of the Committee on Resolutions, was introduced. He

looked unutterably worn and tired. His voice when he spoke was hoarse from overwork. He stated that in five days he had had only six hours' sleep, that the Committee had been in session until 6:00 a.m. that morning, that it had been in session until 6:30 the morning previous. (Joseph Tumulty leaned over and said to Will Rogers: "Homer is telling us a bedtime story.") But there were two planks on which the Committee could not agree: the League of Nations plank and one other "dealing with the question of religious freedom." This last they were afraid to report for fear of seriously splitting the Convention. In brief, the Committee wanted until three in the afternoon for further consideration. He closed: "And, my friends, let me add this-and I say this with all solemnity-in all my experience in service to the Democratic Party, in all the years that I have known political affairs and political events, I have never witnessed such a scene as took place this morning in the Committeeroom at 6 o'clock. When we had completed our deliberations and had begun to feel once more welling up into our hearts the spirit of fraternity and were about to disperse, one of the members arose and recited the Lord's Prayer.

"And we all united in it and at the close Mr. Bryan lifted up his voice [great applause]-Mr. Bryan lifted up his voice in an invocation for guidance and for divine help in this hour of stress. I do not know that I ought to say these things, but they did occur and so I have come to report to you exactly what happened in that Committee."

Congressman Upshaw remarked to Will Rogers (according to Will) as the audience dispersed: "Why did they wait till this late in the Convention to pray?"

The afternoon session opened promptly one hour and twelve minutes late. Mr. Cummings was again introduced and read the platform (see Page 5) or rather he began to read it, was relieved by Senator Key Pittman of Nevada, who in turn was relieved by a reading clerk.

Next, Newton D. Baker rose and offered an amendment to the League of Nations plank, which proposed immediate entry into the League without a referendum, as proposed in the majority. report.

W. R. Pattangall of Maine proposed an amendment to the Ku Klux Klan plank, specifically naming and denouncing the Klan. At the reading of this plank, the Convention began to get excited. The Anti-Klan group cheered loudly. A parade almost started, but Chairman Walsh discouraged it by rapping vigorously for order.

Delegate Alfred Lucking of Michi