Ferguson won by a margin of about 90,000 votes in a total of almost 800,000. In Texas, a Democratic nominee is considered as good as elected and "Ma" Ferguson is now the Democratic nominee.

After her victory was assured, Mrs. Ferguson summed up her opinions:

"I think that what happened in Texas yesterday is the death knell of the Klan in Texas, and, furthermore, I think it a blow that is going to be felt by the Klan in every other State in which it has gained a foothold. And I will also say that I am firmly convinced that the splendid victory of the anti-Klan ticket is going to prove a godsend to our National ticket. To my way of thinking, it will be impossible from now on for the Republicans to use the Klan issue against our party. The Democrats have purged their party of this menace, but the same cannot be said of the Republicans with their Klan candidates in Indiana, Maine and elsewhere.

"As to my course, I don't mind saying that when I become Governor no Kluxers need apply. I will appoint no masked office-holders while I am in the Governor's chair. The reign of the Ku Klux will end when I go in.”

LABOR

Children's Amendment

Last week, the Senate of North Carolina rejected the proposed Child Labor Amendment to the Constitution. This makes the third State to take action. Florida has rejected; Arkansas has ratified. Since, to become effective, three-quarters of the States must ratify, the rejection of the measure by eleven more States would defeat it. But, as yet, the business of State consideration has been only begun.

NEGROES

Industrials

In Chicago, celebrating the 25th anniversary of the day when it was founded by Booker T. Washington, the National Negro Business League convened. Dr. Robert R. Moton, President of Tuskegee University, presided. In his opening speech he referred to the National Negro Credit Corporation, recently organized as a financial backer for Negro enterprises: "For 16 years the founder of this organization, Booker T. Washington, sought with tact and courage to overcome what seemed almost an obsession with our peoplebusiness fear and timidity. In large measure as individuals, and even more so in groups, we have overcome this

timidity. The need for the present, therefore, is to stress the need for honest, capable, expert management as a basis for credit.

"This need is being met by the Nat.onal Negro Finance Corporation, chartered for $1,000,000. I hope by the first of January we can begin business operations.

"Its purpose is to supply credit which will not only mean greater prosperity for our business organizations, but for our churches and educational institutions. . . .

"Let us see what the possibilities are. It is conservatively estimated there are $20,000,000 of Negro money hidden under mattresses, behind brick walls, buried in earthen jars or otherwise concealed around the home. It is also estimated that Negroes have in banks, not owned nor operated by persons of their race, from $70,000,000 to $100,000,000.

"Suppose half this money were deposited in Negro institutions? What a difference it would make in furnishing employment to Negro boys and girls! This would mean no loss to white institutions, because most of our banks carry large accounts in white banks. . . .

"There is another thing this League should do in the future and in larger measure than we have in the pastemphasize the importance of thrift to our people, young and old. The Negro race constitutes one-tenth of the population of the United States. In 1921, Negroes spent for luxuries alone these sums: For cigars, cigarettes and tobacco, $22,000,000; perfumery and cosmetics, $15,000,000; toilet soaps, etc., $14,800,000; chewing gum, $3,500,000; pianos, organs, phonographs and other musical instruments, $46,000,000; sporting goods, cameras, firearms, electric fans, photographs and pictures, at least $35,000,000.

President Coolidge wrote to Dr Moton on this occasion: "Just as emancipation from slavery was granted by the immortal Lincoln, so is economic emancipation being splendidly wrought out by the colored people themselves."

Knights

While the National Negro Business League sought to teach Negroes thrift at its session in Chicago, in Manhattan, Marcus Garvey and his associates (TIME, Aug. 11) made Negroes "noble." A procession marched into Liberty Hall, which was formerly a garage. First came a beadle, then an archdeacon, then a priest in red biretta, then Bishop McGuire of Africa in a purple cape and

mitre of gold cloth, carrying a crook and wearing his bishop's ring of amethyst over a pair of white gloves. At the rear came Marcus Garvey in a feathered hat and George O. Marke. Royal Potentate, who came from Sierra Leone for the ceremony.

A Negro knelt; Potentate Marke bared his sword, tapped him on the head, exclaiming: "Arise, Sir E. Elliot! Arise!" The Bishop then blessed the Knight, who shook hands all around; and the performance was repeated. Among those honored, one woman was made a Lady. Twenty gold crosses and ten silver crosses were conferred. A Duke of Nyasa was to have been created, but the prospective Duke failed to appear.

Afterward everybody enjoyed a roast-chicken dinner and a ragtime

ball.

POLITICAL NOTE At Gaffney

South Carolina maintains an old and not unuseful custom. Candidates for nomination in the primaries there go on tour together and speak from the same platform to the same audiences.

The audiences enjoy the thrill of the clashes. A crowd at the town of Gaffney, about 20 miles from Spartanburg, got an expected thrill.

Four candidates were on the platform. One of them was Senator Nathaniel B. Dial, seeking renomination. Another was John J. McMahan, State Insurance Commissioner. A third was Representative James F. Byrnes, and the fourth was Governor Coleman L. Blease. The last three were all seeking to take Senator Dial's seat away from him. Mr. McMahan had charged that Senator Dial gambled in cotton and oil stocks and put members of his own family on the Government payroll as employes in his office. The Senator replied that he had been trading in cotton for 25 years and that it was his private affair if he employed members of his family in his office. He furthermore accused McMahan of being a stalking-horse for Representative Byrnes. Heatedly, the contest progressed. McMahan demanded that the Senator withdraw his stalking-horse charge. Dial refused. "Dirty liar!" said McMahan. Thereupon they rushed at each other, according to press reports, and the mighty arm of the Senator swung a chair above his head.

Police prevented bloodshed. Both were arrested; released on bail of $11.50 each. Trials will be held after the primary election.

INTERNATIONAL

Dum Spirat, Spes Est

In Europe there was much postconference talk about the Experts' Plan, and very little efficacious action. Attempts were made, however, to get the legislation passed that is necessary to operation of the plan. London. With Premier MacDonald absent in Scotland, the great metropolis was relatively quiet. cellor of the Exchequer Snowden, "enemy of capitalism," provided a flutter of excitement by criticizing the agreement reached at the conclusion of the Premiers' Conference (TIME, June 30 et seq.). Said he:

ChanPhilip

"The essential feature of the Dawes scheme is that Germany should be left free in her economic and financial affairs. It will be impossible for her to pay the very heavy reparations imposed upon her under this scheme unless she is free to work and develop her trade and commerce to the greatest possible extent. That is why I feel so strongly that the French and Belgians, even from the point of view of their own interest in reparations, have made a mistake in not volunteering completely to evacuate the Ruhr as soon as the Dawes scheme comes into operation.

Paris. While much was made of Premier Herriot's recent success at London (TIME, Aug. 25) by the parties supporting the Government, and while the Opposition was somewhat reticent, a solitary cloud drifted across the face of France: A letter, addressed to Premiers Herriot of France and Theunis of Belgium, was received at the Quai dOrsay. This letter was written by Premier MacDonald of Britain; it expressed hope that the Ruhr would be evacuated before the expiration of the year. Many French people thought that their Premier had not scored the great victory that he said he had.

When Premier Herriot met the specially convened Senate and Chamber, he had a blunt message for them. The gist of his long speech was: "This is the best I can get for France. If you refuse it, then must we follow a policy of isolation, deserted even by Belgium."

In a test vote the Government was upheld by 320 to 209 votes. But the proceedings were not peaceful. The Communists, as lusty-voiced as ever, tried to delay debate until after the Senate had passed the Amnesty Bill (TIME, July 21). Deputy Andre

Marty, the Black Sea Mutineer, called the Government: "Assassins, traitors, politicians without morals and without scruples." President of the Chamber, Paul Painlevé, had to suspend the session. Further disorders occurred after the Chamber had re-assembled and closure was finally moved by 385 to 26 votes.

Several days later the Chamber of Deputies passed by 336 to 204 votes a vote of confidence in the Herriot Government, signifying approval of the London negotiations.

Belgium. The Government decided not to call Parliament to discuss the agreement made in London. The Cabinet approved the action taken by the Belgian delegates and authorized the Belgian Ambassador to Britain to sign the accord. Preparations were made to evacuate several important points in Germany.

Italy. Italy was practically silent upon the results of the Conference. No official action was taken.

Germany. The Reichsrat (a council composed of the members of the Federal Governments) approved all the Experts' Plan legislation before it was introduced into the Reichstag (Federal Parliament).

Before the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Reichstag, Chancellor Marx and Foreign Minister Stresemann, in explaining and defending their conduct in London, warned the Opposition that, unless the Experts' Plan was approved and the consequent legislation was passed, the Government would be forced to dissolve the Reichstag. Both statesmen drew sombre pictures of what might happen to Germany if the Government's hand were thus forced.

When the Chancellor and his Cabinet took their seats in the Reichstag, it at once became evident that extreme Monarchists

("Ludendorf

fians") and the Communists would vote against the Government. It was, however, expected that the twothirds majority of the Reichstag, vital to the passage of part of the Experts' Plan legislation, would be forthcoming.

Most of the preliminary proceedings were taken up by the Cabinet, pointing out the dire consequences to the country if the London agreement were rejected. Said Chancellor Marx:

"Fearful responsibility now rests on the Reichstag. Its decision, I feel absolutely convinced, will be a blessing or a curse to Germany. The entire German nation and the entire world look to us."

COMMONWEALTH

(British Commonwealth of Nations)

Princely Pilgrim

¶ One Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester, Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Great Steward of Scotland, High Steward of Windsor, K.G., K.T., G.C.S.I., G.M.M.G., G.C.I.E., G.C.V.O., G.M.B.E., I.S.O., M.C., etc., chose from all his titles that of Baron of Renfrew, boarded the good boat Berengaria, sailed for the U. S.

From every available quarter of the globe came debutantes, hearts a-thumping, determined to book a passage on the Berengaria. Many thousands must have been disappointed.

At the Barclay Hotel-Piccadilly restaurant that caters to the ultra-élite and the super-wealthy-Mr. and Mrs. James Abercrombie Burden, at whose Long Island mansion the Prince will stay during his visit to the U. S., gave a dinner party for their Royal guest, presented him with a gold Yale key to the front door.

Next morning, bright and early, so the story goes, the idle were gratified by a glimpse of princely shirt sleeves, a hot, dirty, princely face. The Praga Wagger* was doing his own packing.

In late afternoon of the following day, the Prince, accompanied by his youngest brother, Prince George; his Groom-in-Waiting, one-armed Brig. Gen. G. F. Trotter; his assistant private secretary, Captain A. F. Lascelles; and an equerry, the Hon. Bruce Ogilvy, left the great metropolis for Southampton. Said the British press: "His Royal Highness left for New York this afternoon bubbling over with good spirits."

At Southampton the serried ranks of reporters and photographers stood at attention for the Royal victim. A few minutes past four o'clock, ante meridiem, word was brought to them that the Prince had boarded the Berengaria by "swarming up a rope ladder."

At 2:30 p. m. the ship weighed anchor and carried the British Heir Apparent to the land which might, had their been no American Revolution, Immediately he sets foot on the territory of the U. S. the Prince of Wales

*"Praga Wagger"-Oxonian for "Prince of Wales." Many words, when translated into Oxford slang, suffer a slight or vicious annihilation of their final syllables. For example, breakfast becomes breaker; sitting (living) room, sitter; bedroom, bedder. Names of streets are prefixed by "the" and "street" never used. Thus High Street becomes The High; Broad Street, The Broad; but St. Giles Street, becomes The Giler.

is

Immediately he sets foot on the territory of the U. S. the Prince of Wales will become Baron of Renfrew. At Washington, however, where he will be received officially by President Coolidge and entertained at a state luncheon in the White House, he will become Prince of Wales for a brief period.

Captain E. F. Toby of Troop K, New York State Police, appointed four husky troopers to act as the Prince's bodyguard. He said that they "would not leave the Prince's side" during the whole time he is in N. Y. State.*

Major Oscar N. Solbert, Corps of Engineers, was detailed by Secretary of War John W. Weeks to act as honorary aide-de-camp to the Prince during his visit. Major Solbert was for five years Military Attaché at the U. S. Embassy in London and knows the Prince intimately. He is in charge of the Royal program. Said he:

"The program for the entire visit is already filled beyond its capacity with sports, polo, golf, recreation, informal lunches and dinners with the British and American polo players, and one or two parties, such as the Piping Rock Club dinner on Sept. 3 for the Prince and the British polo team and the dinner and reception to be given by Clarence Mackay on the evening of the first game. The program has thus been filled in the manner and with such recreation and parties as the Prince himself desired."

was

Even on the high seas news flashed from the Berengaria to the highand-dry world telling it of the princely doings. He went to church and inspired, by his presence, a record attendance of passengers; he strolled the deck at four-miles-an-hour pace for hours on end; he ate little, which worried the cook-for lunch he toyed with a little lobster and the wing of a grouse. At dinner in the main saloon bejeweled ladies, resplendent in gorgeous apparel, bright-eyed debs, attired in flimsy frills, and a host of cavaliers, dressed most appropriately in dinner suits, shirt fronts uncreased and ties tied to perfection, sat dallying with their food as they waited for the Prince. At 8:30 p. m. the Royal party arrived, dressed in lounge suits. In a secluded wing of the saloon a delightfully decorated table was laid. Before it the Prince stopped, ran his fingers through his hair, motioned his party to another less elaborately set table.

The first day's fashion: Double*Such a statement as this must not be taken literally. The troopers would almost certainly be in the way at meal times, bedtime, etc.

breasted dark grey suit, with a thin white stripe, Grenadier Guards tie, rough brown suede shoes.

"Doing Well"

One fine August day, King George announced to his subjects that the proverbial stork had visited Golds

Keystone

MASTER HUBERT

He has a playmate

borough Hall, Yorkshire, the residence of his only daughter, Mary, and his son-in-law, Viscount Lascelles. Princess Mary, Viscountess Lascelles, had given birth to a second son. His loyal subjects responded by wishing joy to the mother and babe, who were reported to be "doing well."

Princess Mary's first son, George Henry Hubert, was born on Feb. 7, 1923. The new baby boy, weighing 84 lbs. was born on the 78th birthday of his paternal grandfather, the Earl of Harewood. It was said that the Princess hoped for a daughter but that the father had expressed the wish that the child might be a son, so that George (who was named after his maternal grandfather, King George) would be provided with a playmate.

After the first burst of excitement, the British public fell to speculating upon the probable names of the babe. The Earl of Harewood made known that Uncle David (Prince of Wales) would be godfather and that the baby would certainly receive one of his godfather's many names.

com

The new baby, although a moner, will be sixth in line of succession to the British Throne. His elder brother, grandson of King George, is known as Master George Henry Hubert Lascelles. When his father succeeds to the Earldom of Harewood, he and his brother will be able to prefix Honorable to their names.

Under Letters Patent of Dec. 11,

1917, the titles of Royal Highness, Prince and Princess were restricted to the Sovereign's children, the children of the Sovereign's sons, and the eldest son of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales.

Quits

Because of his continued poor sight, due mainly to his strenuous term of office as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1905-1916), Viscount Grey of Fallodon (Sir Edward Grey of War fame) announced his retirement from the leadership of the Liberal Party in the House of Lords.

Questioned, he stated that he had filled the position only temporarily and had made it clear at the time of his acceptance that he would be unable to devote his full attention to parliamentary work. He thought it was time that the Party was led by someone who could give full time to the work.

There is no political significance involved in Lord Grey's retirement.

Vicount Grey in his younger days was a tennis player of no mean repute. In 1896 he lifted the M. C. C. and Queen's Club tennis prize. His recreative moments in his later years have been, however, more taken up with fly-fishing, a sport of which he has always been fond.

Born in 1862, Sir Edward was educated at Winchester and at Balliol College, Oxford. He became the Liberal member for Berwick-on-Tweed in 1885 and held the constituency until his elevation to the peerage in 1916. At first he attracted no attention and it was not until 1892, when he became Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, that any recognition was given him by his party.

His grip on foreign affairs and his intensely moderate attitude, which has since been alleged to lack requisite firmness, soon brought him to the forefront of Liberalism. In 1902, he was made a Privy Counselor. Three years later, he became Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a position he held for a longer period than any statesman since the beginning of the 19th Century. His good work was recognized by Premier Asquith in 1912 when the King was advised to bestow upon him the coveted Order of the Garter. For the rest, his record in the interest of peace is well known. He retired in 1916, broken in health; and a grateful King made hin Viscount Grey of Fallodon.

FRANCE

Notes

Ex-President Alexandre Millerand announced in Paris that he would seek election to the Chamber of Deputies in order to place himself at the head of the Nationalist Opposition. He will contest a seat made vacant for him by his old friend, Deputy Taittinger.

The Rothschilds have been an important family in almost every Capital of the world ever since their clever forbear made his financial coup at the time of the Battle of Waterloo. At Paris, in different

ways, the family has exerted considerable influence. But, last May, Baron Maurice de Rothschild was defeated at the elections. In July, he successfully contested a constituency in the Alps Maritime, defeating a Radical Socialist candidate. This is, allegedly, the way he did it:

1) Promised to build new huts for shepherds.

2) Promised presents of stallions and bulls.

3) Gave presents to children. 4) At Los Crotées he bought a coffin to bury an elector.

5) At Embrun he found that the fire department had no uniforms, gave money enough to buy outfits.

Notes

GERMANY

Arrived at Cuxhaven on the Deutschland Gen. Plutarco Elias Calles, President-elect of Mexico. The General was given a hearty welcome by numerous German functionaries, including the famed Baron von Schön, German Ambassador to France at the time of the outbreak of the War. The Mexican Minister to Germany was also present. Gen. Calles will, it was asserted, consult the celebrated spinal specialist, Prof. Krause, who, a few years ago, lectured in the U. S. and Prof. Bier, who treated Hugo Stinnes, late "King of Coke."

of that journalist wife of the fourth Baron. Last week, she said in the Daily Mirror, Manhattan gum-chewers sheetlet: "From a friend actually at Court, I learn that the former Emperor of Germany has been making personal overtures to resume friendly relations with King George and Queen Mary. He has personally written to King George, but no return gesture is likely to be forthcoming. The ex-Kaiser has recently bought all the available pictures of the Prince of Wales, in whose doings he affects a genuine interest."

Notes

ITALY

The body of Deputy Giacomo Matteotti, assassinated some weeks ago by some person or persons unknown, but suspected and in custody awaiting trial (TIME, June 23 et seq.), was returned to the dust in the cemetery of his home town near Rome. Soldiers paid him military honors for the State; 8,000 persons attended the funeral.

In the crypt of St. Peter's, a tomb lay covered with flowers. Heavy candles diffused their ethereal light, revealing black-draped and kneeling figures, bent in devout prayer. A slight murmur of subdued voices disturbed the restful silence. Occasionally, the firm voice of a prelate would rise above the murmur as he pronounced a benediction, or, sometimes low, sad chants would break the stillness. Close to the tomb were two elderly sisters of the dead, absorbed in reciting the Ave Maria, as they tremblingly counted their beads. All that long day, figures shuffled in and shuffled out of the crypt, crossing themselves repeatedly. It was the tenth anniversary of the death of His Holiness, Pope Piux X-Pio il buono, the Romans call him.

SPAIN

In Morocco

News from Spanish Morocco, which Professor Unamuno dubbed "The tomb of the Habsburg-Bourbon dynasty" (TIME, Aug. 25.), continued appropriately to be grave.

The situation was said to be more serious than at any time since the

Melilla disaster of 1921. Beni Hassan and Beni Said tribes combined in attacking the Spanish forces and were joined by numerous tribesmen from hitherto friendly groups. A column of Moorish auxiliaries and Foreign Legion troops under the command of General Riquelme was defeated with the loss of two officers, killed by hand grenades.

Minor defeats were sustained by several other Spanish forces. The troops of Raisuli, famed bandit now friendly to Spain, were beaten in combat and it was reported that Raisuli, recently appointed Governor of West Morocco, was dead.

At only one point did the Spanish troops score a success. At Afrau they put to flight the Riff rebels, inflicting casualties to the number of 500 with small loss to themselves.

The Spanish General Staff, although admitting the gravity of the situation, expressed itself as able to deal with the Riffs. Reinforcements poured into Morocco from Spain; six columns started an offensive.

Rumor

AUSTRIA

It leaked out from the Vatician into the ears of a Someone, who told it to a civil authority, who told it to the press that Chancellor Seipel of Austria was to be made a Cardinal.

Vinnese were skeptical. It was said that Mgr. Seipel could never become a Prince of the Church while holding political office and that, under existing circumstances, he would refuse to retire.

Gloom

The 19th monthly report of Dutch Dr. Zimmermann, League of Nations Commissioner General in Austria, was, like most of its predecessors, pregnant with gloom.

Reviewing conditions between the middle of June and the middle of July, the Commissioner expressed disappointment that there was not a surplus in the budget. Said he:

"The greatest efforts, however, must be made in order to reach this goal. Besides the question of a higher level of the budget, the question of the balancing of the actual

revenues and expenditures must be investigated because the Government now admits that the preliminary budget shows an increase of the deficit, which can only become worse so long as the present crisis continues. Therefore, reforms and economies must still form an important rôle in Austrian state economy."

Commenting upon Austria's industrial difficulties, Dr. Zimmermann said that they were mainly due to: 1) Tariff barriers erected by neighboring States.

2) Onerous banking conditions. 3) Impossibility of obtaining and, therefore, of giving long credits. 4) Corporation tax.

5) Social laws which favor employes.

Despite his gloom, the Doctor saw signs of improvement, but thought that the job of reconstructing Austria's finances would be longer than had at first been anticipated. He warned the Austrians to that effect. The granting of short term loans from abroad was a healthy sign, said he.

CZECHO-SLOVAKIA

He left

enormous

One Harry Gray, American, arrived in Prague, capital of Czecho-Slovakia. Harry was received politely. He announced modestly that he was the reconstructor of Czecho-Slovakia, offered banks, dollar credits to municipalities and industrial concerns. The Czechs began to receive him with enthusiasm. He then wooed and won wealthy Widow Lederer, became head of the largest grain business in the country. Harry was then accepted by the Czechs and Slovaks as one of them, was consulted by eminent financiers, conIcluded millions of dollars' worth of business, became well established, had his praises sung by all and sundry.

One fine morning as the sun winked at the spires of Prague, Mrs. Gray noted that her spouse had not returned from the cabaret around the corner. At high noon, Harry was still absent. Enquiries were made. People became anxious. More than one man of money toyed nervously with the crowns in his trousers pocket. Some scanned their ledgers with much anxiety, noted that large sums of money had been paid to Mr. Gray, remembered that value was due and had not been received.

When the sun had kissed the grand old Hradsány good night, Harry had not returned for similar caresses from his anxious wife. The dawn of an

Grand Duke Cyril, uncrowned Tsar of Russia, cousin of the late Nicholas, received a nasty jolt when he heard that an Anglo-Russian treaty had been signed (TIME, Aug. 18, COMMONWEALTH). He was in his house at Coburg, Germany, when reporters pounced upon him and asked him what about it?" The Grand Duke, of Romanov proportions, towering above the minions of the press, said:

"During the last few days, like all Russians faithful to the Fatherland, I have learned with great amazement that the government of Great Britain has signed an agreement with the tyrannical oligarchy which seized power in Russia. In this agreement, among other things, a large loan is promised the Soviet government.

"As legal heir to the Emperors of all Russia, I consider it my duty to declare clearly and firmly, so that all may hear, the following:

"If I had so much as a ray of hope that the impending loan would be used for the restoration of devastated Russia or to succor her starving people, I should welcome this help with delight, without consideration through the hands of what Russian government it passed.

"But for me and for all Russians there can be no doubt whatever that the loan is being concluded, not with the object of helping and benefiting the Russian people, but only to strengthen and prolong the term of government of enslavers of the Nation and give the Third Internationale the possibility to continue its destructive propaganda in Europe, Asia, Africa and America. The

object of this propaganda is world upheaval that is to say, the ruin of Christian civilization and the plunging of the entire earth into the dark abyss of barbarism, pauperism and serfdom to the advantage and satisfaction of only a small group of fanatics and a dissolute group of men who have lost honor and conscience, and hope to exploit this upheaval for the gratification of their cupidity and vicious appetites."

Home

With his face wreathed in smiles, M. Christian Rakovsky arrived in Moscow fresh from his triumphs in London.

To the assembled proletariat he explained the great significance of the Anglo-Soviet pact which he had negotiated with Premier Ramsay MacDonald (TIME, Aug. 18, COMMONWEALTH). He said that the terms of the treaty did not violate the principles of Bolshevik law and defended the concessions he had made on the ground of expediency. During his discourse, he declared that: "the treaty was not born without scratches; its birth was most complicated."

Following Rakovsky, Foreign Minister George Tchitcherin, ex-aristocrat, arose to address the plebs. He was greeted with snappy applause and lusty cheers of "Long Live our Red Diplomacy!" He explained to the crowd that the treaty meant the definite acgreeted with snappy applause and lusty Power. (Loud cheers.) He ended thus:

"The world crisis has now persuaded the capitalistic Governments to recognize that without regularizing its relationship with Russia Europe cannot be reconstructed."

Notes

The Bolsheviki may change mates as often as they desire under the new divorce law. Under a recent decree they may change any or all of their names by the simple process of notifying the Registrar of the Commune. The only change that the Bolshevik authorities will not tolerate is a change of Government.

In Turkestan and Bokhara, the waters of the River Amu-Oxus were in such a hurry to get to the Aral Sea that they leapt the banks, flooded the country, submerged more than 2,000 villages, caused much loss of life.