actor. It would take a lot more than curtain speeches to make Mr. Sherman a good actor; and among the first essentials would be a better play than High Stakes.

Percy Hammond "She [Phoebe Foster] and Wilton Lackaye adorned the ribald cemetery of High Stakes with many artistic asphodels. . . . It is a cheap and, no doubt, prosperous entertainment.

The Mask and the Face. Returning voyagers from London reported favorably on this adaptation from the Italian comedy of Luigi Chiarelli. The Frohman Company contracted for Somerset Maugham to do a special version; but another producer slipped ahead of them with the lines as London heard them. William Faversham was summoned to play the lead, and the production was pressed hurriedly into shape. The result was decidedly depressing. The story: A man banished his wife for suspected incontinence, was acquitted of her murder and remarried her (figuratively) at her funeral. The cast, including Mr. Faversham, were received without hosannah's.

Alexander Woollcott-"The most important rôle of all fell to an actor for whose tricks and manners on the stage we find it increasingly difficult to suppress our complete lack of enthusiasm."

Percy Hammond "As disheartening an episode as the drama lovers have suffered this season."

Conscience. A new playwright and a new actress combined to furnish the single notable item in the dramatic column of the week. Don Mullally contributed the play and Lillian Foster, trained in Western stock companies, provided her precisive technical ability and brilliant personality. It was Miss Foster's first start in the great Manhattan handicap. Unless signs fail, she will return to win many races.

The play taken all through was not so satisfactory as the actress, but such of it as was good was so good that finer things can be expected of Mr. Mullally. He opens his play in a Yukon cabin, torments his leading man with memories, switches him back to the day when he left his wife alone because it was required of him to go to jail. The wife, driven to the easiest and yet the hardest means of livelihood, was entertaining a visitor when he returned. He murdered her.

Stark Young-"Lillian Foster . . shades of feeling and grades of reaction she got without a break in the emotional movement."

Alexander Woollcott-"If the first audience did not precisely tear the engine from her taxicab and drag the cab to her hotel, at least it rose and cheered her to the echo."

The Best Plays

These are the plays which, in the light of metropolitan criticism, seem most important:

Comedy

COBRA-A thumping play causing the staring eye and the flushed brow, stirring up considerable expert excitement over the discovery that Eve is still the temptress.

THE MIRACLE-Showing with almost barbaric splendor how the woman paid even as far back as the medieval mystery play.

THE SHOW-OFF-Wherein a ringing and considerably amusing slap is taken at the loud mouth.

FATA MORGANA-The Theatre Guild's comedy by Ernst Vajda in which Emily Stevens does much able acting in the pursuit of one night of love.

SWEENY TODD-An old English melodrama dripping with blood and played seriously to gorgeous burlesque effect.

EXPRESSING WILLIE Zoe Akins' deft development of the incompatibility of artistic temperament and the tired business man. The thin spots comfortably padded by a brilliant cast.

THE WEREWOLF-A satirical discussion of incontinence expertly played by Laura Hope Crews, Marion Coakley and Leslie Howard.

Drama

WHITE CARGO-A severe study in sex and loneliness that has kept an obscure uptown playhouse busy for over 300 nights.

WHAT PRICE GLORY-A comedy of manners among the U. S. Marines at the front in 1918. The best of the new

season.

HAVOC-An English War play of moderate distinction made worthy chiefly by an expert cast from London.

CONSCIENCE-Reviewed in this issue. RAIN-Jeanne Eagels once more in our midst with her diatribe against the South Sea missionary.

Musical

Returning winter colonists are principally interested in the following music and hilarity: Kid Boots, Rose-Marie, The Dream Girl, Charlot's Revue, The Passing Show, I'll Say She Is, The Grand Street Follies, Ziegfeld Follies, George White's Scandals, Stepping Stones.

The New Pictures

The Clean Heart. It is argued by many observers that character study is the highest hurdle between the motion picture producers and the realm of Art. Character may be studied indirectly through incident, and in a small degree through subtlety. Yet without hearing what comes out of a man's mouth it is virtually impossible to tell what is inside of him. In the present picture (from A. S. M. Hutchinson's novel) a character drawing is attempted without alloy. Thanks to the immense sympathetic sincerity which Percy Marmont gives the leading rôle, the attempt is almost a success.

Mr. Marmont plays a writer whom over-work has steered into a nervous breakdown and mild insanity. Taking up with a philosopher tramp, he narrowly escapes death in an ocean storm, falls in love with the nurse who coaxes back his health. When they are examining the cottage where they expect to live, his mind slips a cog, he calls the girl a common little nobody, whereupon she rushes out to fall over a cliff. The realization of her death crystallizes his love. The girl recovers.

Only slightly less accomplished a piece of acting than Mr. Marmont's was Marguerite de la Motte's in the part of the girl. Otis Harlan as Puddlebox, the tramp, made an amiable, Bible-wise drunkard.

TIME, The Weekly News-Magazine. Editors-Briton Hadden and Henry R. Luce. As sociates-Manfred Gottfried (National Af fairs), John S. Martin, Thomas J. C. Martyn (Foreign News). Weekly ContributorsErnest Brennecke, John Farrar, Willard T. Ingalls, Alexander Klemin, Peter Mathews, Wells Root, Preston Lockwood, Niven Busch. Published by TIME, Inc., H. R. Luce, Pres.; J. S. Martin, Vice-Pres.; B. Hadden, Sec'yTreas., 236 E. 39th St., New York City. Subscription rate, one year, postpaid: In the United States and Mexico, $5.00; in Canada, $5.50; elsewhere, $6.00. For advertising rates address: Robert L. Johnson, Advertising Manager, TIME, 236 E. 39th St., New York: New England representatives, Sweeney & Price. 127 Federal St.. Boston, Mass.: Western representatives, Powers & Stone, 38 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill.; Circulation Manager, Roy E. Larsen. Vol. IV, No. 12.

Poloiana

Ꭺ Ꭱ Ꭲ

Little horses, nervy and debonair, clipping the turf with pointed hoofs, mallets whacking, riders shouldering, wheeling, while young Royalty looks on. At Meadow Brook, the background is grass; at the Wanamaker Art Gallery, Manhattan, it is canvas. An exhibit of Poloiana has opened there. A wooden pony, smartly blanketed, stands at the end of the gallery-a silent symbol of the stable. The room is rigged with saddles, flags, balls, mallets; scenes of the game and portraits of dead and living players cover the walls. A painted Prince, losing in the work of St. Helier Lander something of the incipient puffiness that sits upon the living one, gazes mildly down.

Sporting scenes, because they contain balanced movement, a living impulse of clean speed, have always attracted artists. Degas, for instance, cultivated the paddock almost as assiduously as he did the salle de ballet. He is represented in this exhibit by a pencil study of a horse. There is Middleton Manigault's modernistic painting of an International match; a series of Robert W. Chanler's decorations on Polo Through the Ages; George Wright's Grooming Polo Ponies; two water colors by Ivester Lloyd of a game in full tilt; spirited etchings by Morshead and George Soper.

EDUCATION

Seminaries

Last year, lurid flames lit Rock Ridge, back of Greenwich, Conn.; 175 scant-clad girls responded perfectly to their fire drill, as the dormitories of Rosemary Hall, famed boarding school for young ladies, burned to the ground. Last week, it was announced that students of Rosemary Hall (i.e., their parents, old Rosemarians, friends and philanthropists) had bought nearly all of a $300,000 bond issue to enable Rosemary to rise phoenixlike from its ashes, more attractive, modern and efficient than ever, and this time fireproof.

Rosemary Hall was founded in 1890 by its present headmistress, Dr. Caroline Ruutz-Rees, at Wallingford, Conn., moving to Greenwich in 1900. Miss Ruutz-Rees (Democratic National Committeewoman for Connecticut) is English by birth and education, and her school has something of the English temper. Its physical and intellectual life is robust, "not for weaklings." The diploma requirement

This and following quotations are excerpts from Sargent's handbook, American Private Schools.

is admission by examination to Bryn Mawr, Vassar or Smith College. Field hockey, basketball, self-government and brains are the things for which Rosemary has become noted. Associated with Miss Ruutz-Rees are

Keystone

CAROLINE RUUTZ-REES "Not for weaklings"

Miss Mary E. Lowndes, who rides horseback and thinks vigorously at 70; and Miss Margaret Augur, a Barnard graduate and old Rosemarian.

Other young ladies' schools in the U. S. that have achieved some promi

nence:

Bradford Academy, Bradford, Mass. "Oldest institution in New England for the higher education of women," founded 1803. Long an active interest for Alice Freeman Palmer, famed poet-president of Wellesley College. Principal: Marion Coats, Vassar graduate. Specialties: Music, Fine Arts, Expression.

Dana Hall, Wellesley, Mass. Founded 1881 as an incubator for Wellesley College matriculants. Headmistress: Helen Temple Cooke. Specialties: "The highest ideals of womanhood, Thorough Scholarship, General Culture." In the college town of Wellesley, Dana Hall girls can be distinguished from the Welleslilassies by the hats they are obliged to wear when walking out.

Miss Porter's School, Farmington, Conn. (commonly called "Farmington"). Founded 1843 "in a small way" by Sarah Porter, sister of President Noah Porter of Yale University (1871-1886). "She gave to hundreds of the best-born women of the land that poise and stability of character, that combination of learning and

good manners, which is a mark of the noblest American womanhood." Farmington, whose course is indefinite in length and character, has a reputation for distinction of dress and deportment. It caters to "the finer families." Its product is rather the perfect lady than the trained mind. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Porter Keep are in charge.

Westover, at Middlebury, Conn., is active, modern, out-of-doors and "horsy." The girls wear uniform costume, are more "school girls" than "young ladies." Mary Robbins Hillard, headmistress, who founded Westover in 1909 with the aid of wealthy friends, "has a passion for imparting spiritual truths individually to her girls in private and has almost uncanny genius in understanding what girls are thinking about and gaining their confidence." The school offers "a well-rounded training for social requirements"; but relatively few prepare for college. Uconsciously on Miss Hillard's part, the school has gained a reputation for exclusiveness and most of the girls naturally come from families of wealth.

The Masters School, commonly called "Dobbs Ferry" from its location on the Hudson River, was founded in 1877 by the late Sarah Masters (who is said "never to have attended the theatre"), is now maintained by Mary C. Strong. It has "high social prestige" and an "exclusive atmosphere." The character of its training is somewhere between that of a school and a finishing academy, much like Westover. Neither scholarship nor athletics take precedence. Discipline is strict. Dobbs girls wear uniforms, observe an honor system, may prepare for college.

The Spence School, just off Fifth Avenue, Manhattan, and The Finch School, farther uptown, lead the U. S. city finishing schools. A year or two at either is thought good for Western girls, but Spence has also a large Manhattan clientele. Both offer preparation for college, but are attended rather for their adjacence to the theatre, the opera, the Metropolitan Museum. Both are considered "ultra."* The headmistress of Finch is Mrs. John O'Hara Cosgrave. Clara B. Spence, strong and gracious of personality, died last spring.

The Baldwin School, at Bryn

*Finch was once selected as an exalted antithesis. Said the Yale Record, in verses illustrative of womankind's universal sorority: "The girl from Finch and the Chapel Street ginch

Are sisters under the skin."

Mawr, Pa., is the oldest and most widely known of the many girls' schools in and about Philadelphia. Elizabeth Forrest Johnson, Vassar graduate, "maintains the wholesome and sensible ideals of the founder," Florence Baldwin. Her girls take their studies seriously, are taught well paratory, smaller and more fastidious than Baldwin.

Foxcroft, in the Piedmont Valley near Middleburg, Va., keeps its pupils much in the saddle, gives them hearty, simple country life, teaches soundly if not extensively.

"Ferguson"

Last week was janitors' week in U. S. colleges and universities. Thousands of patient men in blue denim swept lecture rooms, fitted new light bulbs in corridors and stairways, received letters about students' furniture. It was also football coaches' week. They looked over their "material," started U. S. education on its first important step of the new year by giving setting-up exercises, passing and kicking practice. It was also professors' week. They returned from their vacations, tidied their desks and notes, made up class rolls, speculated upon the youths soon to be submitted them for intellectual advancement.

Some professors, some parents thus speculating read "Ferguson-Rex" by an anonymous contributor in the Atlantic Monthly for September. Ferguson is an undergraduate "leader," the college "man of the hour." The portrait is not without truth but is perhaps too surely executed. The contributor called himself "90" and erred, admittedly, on the side of optimism and generosity where others of his age had erred in pessimism and bitterness. Still, Ferguson was a fair inkling. Said "90":

"His [Ferguson's] attitude toward his teachers and studies baffles a dull observer, but in the main it is governed by his predominating intellectual trait. He admires manhood vastly more than scholarship. He has yet to learn the important place pure scholarship holds in the general plan of things. He is sure to learn this in time. If he finds in the scholar the man he is looking for, the scholar can lead him anywhere. But the tremendous forces that have made Ferguson what he is have left him where he refuses to see the scholar if the man is not there. It is said that he will learn nothing. No candid observer could claim that the outward signs of mental accretion are overwhelming, but in private conversation Ferguson displays at times a disconcerting clearness of vision, and a wealth of real understanding about a lot of things that he regards as important.

"One great need . . . is a good 'contact man'-someone who can interpret the college to Ferguson and Ferguson

Other parents, other professors read How About the College? by Edward W. Bok (self-educated) in the Saturday Evening Post for Sept. 13. Said Mr. Bok: "Is a college education preferable?' Of course the simplest answer here is that anything calculated for our good is more desirable in its presence than in its absence. Unfortunately, however, this does not answer the question. . . . I like the story told of the young Polish girl in a New York school who was asked to write the difference between an educated man and an intelligent man, and who summed it up thus: 'An educated man gets his thinks from someone else; an intelligent man works his own thinks.'"

Schools for the Idle

Said The New Republic, with some point:

"The conduct of schools among workmen who are on strike is a rather interesting idea for adult education. The experiment . . . is actually being tried in District No. 2 of the United Mine Workers, where 35,000 workers are on strike. Seven classes have been formed and the attendance is growing rapidly. Obviously this is not an experiment in which any public agency can very well participate. . . . But the establishment of a tradition requiring unions to provide schools and workers to attend them systematically during a layoff could be only beneficial to the men and to the public. . . ."

LAW

The New Psychology

The sentencing by Judge John Richard Caverly of Leopold and Loeb to the penitentiary for life is the end, so far as court records are concerned, of what has been called "the greatest murder trial of all times." It has resulted, however, in giving a preferred position before the bar of public opinion of the case against capital punishment.

In the past, the subject of capital punishment has been approached, mainly, from what may be called the "sentimental viewpoint." Its opponents have stressed, "long lists of mistaken verdicts." Its advocates have sometimes been dangerously close to the theory of personal vengeance in their reliance upon the doctrine of "a life for a life." Henceforth, however, the part which the death penalty should take in an enlightened system of law will be discussed in the light of "new psychology."

Said Dr. George W. Kirchway, formerly Dean of the Columbia Law School

(1901-1910), and Warden of Sing Sing Prison (1915-16): "Judge Caverly met the issue presented to him like a man of the modern world. He may not have known much about the new phychology -few of us do-but he was not, like the States Attorney, content to repose in the wisdom of the 19th Century. He at least was willing to learn, so he admitted the evidence. He was unconscious of the fact of which he cannot have been wholly unconscious, that in so doing he was opening the steelbarred doors of the criminal courts of this country, and the world, to a new concept of responsibility for crime."

Said Judge Caverly (in his opinion): "It is beyond the province of this court as it is beyond the capacity of human science in its present state of development, to predicate ultimate responsibility for human acts." This, however, is exactly what the modern psychiatrist does attempt to do. One Leonard Blumgart, in an article in last week's Nation, stated that Leopold is the victim of a neurosis and Loeb of a psychosis. In speaking of Leopold, he said: "Yet very few persons understand why he developed this intellectual power to suppress and repress his own perverse processes. Were the public ready, it could hear of as tragic a perversion of normal instincts, as hopeless and tremendous a struggle against them as was ever made. But no, the psychiatrists had to lower their voices, and even then they were prevented from telling all they knew. . . . The mental and emotional processes by which we first come to recognize the difference between our current standards of right and wrong, and then cut upon that knowledge, are shrouded in complete darkness."

Lawyers as a body are not, at any rate as yet, very sympathetic to this explanation of human conduct as determining human responsibilities. Cooperation, they argue, is a condition of life in civilized communities. When a person fails to conform to the standards of society and gives the minimum amount of coöperation, as required by the criminal law, the community for its own protection, must impose the prescribed penalties, if such a non-conformist has the mentality to understand what Society expects of him. Definitions of legal insanity are designed to state the lack of mental capacity which one must display before not being held fully responsible for criminal behavior.

What is the social value of mental tests, applied after the commission of a crime, which show a person to be irresponsible so far as criminal acts are concerned, though otherwise responsible and even brilliant in understanding his environment and making the best of it? If this knowledge is to be of much service to Society, will it not be neces sary for these tests to be applied be

rise, and must not those in whom dangerous psychopathic traits are discovred, be, as it were, "sentenced in adrance"? And, even if the discovery if these psychopathic traits be scientifially possible, is such a procedure adnistratively practical, and, if adninistratively practical, can it be cared out with regard to the constituonal guarantees of life and liberty which, in Anglo-Saxon countries, have een relied upon so long and, on the whole, with such good results?

"The rule of the road," says Bernard Shaw, "is simply a device to let you now what the other fellow is going to o. The purpose in part of all law is, or that matter, to let one person know that another is going to do, to permit be realization of reasonable expectaions."

The new theory of criminal reponsibilities may be "true" just as imstein's theory of relativity may be true." And yet, it may be well for he criminal law to retain the seasoned onceptions of human accountability ust as it may be well for the Pennsylania Railroad Co. to continue to rely pon the principles of Newtonian hysics in the operation of its trains.

Maillard

Madison Avenue at 47th Street

NEW YORK

Confections

Luncheon, Afternoon Tea

MEN'S LUNCHEON SERVICE 47th Street Entrance

RELIGION

Holy Name

His Grace Michael J. Curley, Archishop of Baltimore, welcomed to Washington 100,000 or more deleates to the 650th anniversary celeration of the Holy Name Society. Four days of demonstration were O conclude with a monster parade o the Washington Monument before hich, at a specially erected altar, e vigorous young Archbishop was O celebrate a pontifical mass.

History. Pope Gregory X and the econd Council of Lyons, in 1274, enbined that the "faithful" should demonstrate more reverence for the fame above all names, the only Name 1 which we can claim salvation-the ame of Jesus Christ." This special ission was entrusted to the Dominans (newly founded at that time) yan apostolic letter to Blessed John ercelli. Organized in Portugal, the Holy Name Society spread through urope and eventually came to its llest fruition in the U. S. Origally, it was, in part, regarded as eparation for the "blasphemous Algensian heresies."

Purpose. The Society lays peculiar mphasis on purity of speech. But nis ideal is extended to include pury of thought and life. "It gives its embers," said a Bishop, "just that mount of moral suasion to keep em loyal to the regular reception E the sacraments."

Function. It serves to organize

laymen for the general welfare of the Church.

In Quebec

Even since shipwrecked sailors built her a shrine, Ste. Anne of Beaupré has been visited and invoked by thousands yearly. The pilgrims have gone sick and returned well.

Her church, which lay in the province of Quebec, was destroyed in 1922 by fire ascribed to an incendiary. Money for its reconstruction was speedily obtained. Last Sunday, Louis Nazaire Cardinal Begin, Catholic Primate of Canada, laid the new basilica's corner

stone.

Out of the fire was saved the golden statue of Ste. Anne which contains bones of the Saint.

Archbishop Begin, a venerable figure of 74, is one of the senior members of the College of Cardinals. He recently made a grave pronouncement against the frivolous fashions of women.

Pope and Politics

The futility of drawing sharp distinctions between worldly and religious affairs would seem to be too apparent to need exposition. And yet the cry for such distinction is continually heard.

Came last week to the Pope a party

of Italian undergraduates, youthfully maintaining that the Pope should become that most mythological of all creatures a perfect neutral.

Replied the Pope (Pius VI, master of pointed phrase): "When Politics come near the Altar, then Religion, the Church, the Pontiff have not only the right but the duty to give directions and indications to be followed by Catholics."

The same reply was made by Moses. The same was made by Luther, Calvin, Knox. The same was made in unmistakable language by Pius IX,in the last Century: "It is an error to assert that the Church ought to be separated from the State and the State from the Church."*

The same reply is made by Protestants today. Protestant Churches established Prohibition. Protestant ministers preach war or peace, condemn or condone divorce, denounce corruption. Hitherto they have sidestepped the problems of industry, but now they are beginning to have something to say about it.

Pius XI's reply to the undergraduates was not only weighted with the authority of tradition; it was the only logical reply. For if Religion is irrelevant to the affairs of this world, it would be completely and quickly banished to the

next.

*Indeed, this Pontiff went further and declared: "It is an error to assert that every man is free to embrace the Religion he shall believe true, guided by the light of reason."

At Ithaca

faces Importance makes grave; work makes them lean; gazing at mysteries gives them a sober cast. At Cornell University, Ithaca, a group of men gathered. Their faces were grave, lean, sober; they were the members of the American Chemical Society, assembled for their 68th Annual Convention. Two qualities they all had in common. One was a profound concern with the wonders that beset men's comings and goings, traffics and discoveries, on the earth. The other was renown. They deliberated, debated, uttered paragraphs of chemical formulae that were, when understood, criticism, gasconade and prophecy. Sometimes the summer lightning of plain speech lit the cloudy thunders of their discourse.. "$62,000,000,000." . . "The most amazing development in History." . . "How to cure rickets." Among the renowned were: Robert Robertson, chief Government chemist of Great Britain; Livingston Farrand, President of Cornell; Sir Max Muspratt, onetime Lord Mayor of Liverpool, foremost British industrial engineer; Dr. J. S. McHargue, head of the Kentucky Agricultural Station; T. A. Boyd of the General Motors Corporation; Professor H. Steenbock, chemical research head of the University of Wisconsin; Professor E. C. C. Baly, famed savant of the University of Liverpool. In the chair was Dr. Leo Hendrik Baekeland, President of the Society, a man who invents. He has discovered processes for the separation of copper and cadmium, for the impregnation of wood, for the making of Velox paper, thus winning heavy honors, including several pounds of medals. But first among his achievements is the invention of a certain substance.

Sir

"Bakelite." Superficially, it is a composition, born of fire and mystery, having the rigor and brilliance of glass, the lustre of amber from the Isles. Poetically, it is a resin formed from equal parts of phenol and formaldehyde, in the presence of a base, by the application of heat. It will not burn. It will not melt. It is used in pipe stems, fountain pens, billiard balls, telephone fixtures, castanets, radiator caps, etc. In liquid form, it is a varnish. Jellied, it is a glue. Those familiar with its possibilities claim that in a few years it will be embodied in every mechanical facility of modern civilization. From the time that a man brushes his teeth in the morning with a Bakelite-handled brush, until the moment when he removes his last cigarette from a Bakelite holder, extinguishes it in a Bakelite ashtray, and falls back upon

a Bakelite bed, all that he touches, sees, uses, will be made of this material of a thousand purposes. Books and papers will be set up in Bakelite type. People will read Bakeliterature, Bakelitigate their cases, offer Bakeliturgies for their dead, bring young into the world in Bakelitters.

Dr. Baekeland is a man in middle years, erect, rugged, taciturn, with the sensitive mouth of a field marshal and the cold eyes of a philanthropist. Of medium height, courtly, dignified, he adopts the old-world manner, shuns personal publicity, wants to be known only in connection with his scientific work, makes many addresses before scientific societies.

In addressing the Society last week, he spoke of Science as an enemy of War, making the point that as modern discoveries made War fearful, further inventions have made it

Larson: "Oil waste must stop. Mo torists who now drain good oil ou of their crank cases will be provided with simple devices by which the of will be tested, its viscosity ascer tained, waste eliminated."

Prof. H. Steenbock gave the de tails of his cure for rickets. He has succeeded in effecting this cure in rats by exposing the animals to violet rays from a quartz mercury lamp He has, it is also believed, discovered a new vitamin in olive oil, helpful to those who have diabetes.

The Society pledged its aid to the Chemical Warfare Service; made plans for an endowment to finance scientific publications in the U. S. It passed in review the progress of chemical industries, stating that their activity, which involves over $62,000,000,000, is firmer than it has been since the War.

agonizing death, no man will fight; and since Science has become, like Death, all-efficient, it is, like Fear, a deterrant to destruction.

Sir Max Muspratt spoke. His was a gasconade: "Through Chemistry, man is now on the eve of the most amazing civilizing development in History. Witness phosphates.

In

days of ignorance, every dead cat was an engine of nitrogen production, every field had its own fertilizer hanging over it, and men of science knew it, but could not use their knowledge.

Now we get nitrogen

out of the air. This method, evolved in the War, may solve the problem of feeding the world."

The report of Dr. E. C. C. Baly contained a criticism. The butt was Nature-she takes too long to make sugar. He, the discoverer of synthetic sugar, has a receipt: Make a little formaldehyde out of carbon dioxide and water, expose it to intensely active ultra-violet light, and you have sugar. Genuine glucose has been made by this process, but before such can become a breakfasttable commodity the proper wavelength of the violet ray must be ascertained. It is roughly gauged at from 200 to 220 millimicrons.*

If all the land were bread and cheese, and all the sea were ink, what would we do for gasoline? This was the general proposition discussed by T. A. Boyd and C. M. Larson, Manhattan scientist. "Petroleum," prophesied the former, "will be obtained in the future by cracking cruder grades of oil. The continuance of automobile transportation depends upon the perfection of cheap and efficient methods for doing this." Said Mr.

*A millimicron is one millionth of a millimetre (.03937 of an inch).

Magellans

Rain and storm fought the U. S. fliers, journeying from Manhattan to Washington in their attempt to keep an appointment with their Commanderin-Chief, the President of the U. S. A worn-out gear brought Lient. Nelson down near Baltimore, and he was obliged to continue in an escorting plane. A dense fog at Aberdeen, Md., brought down the whole exhibition for lunch and rest till the weather cleared. For four hours the presidential party waited in drizzling rain at Bolling Field. But Mr. Coolidge took the matter goodnaturedly, welcomed the national heroes with unabated enthusiasm, examined every part of the planes. "Who would have thought the President would meet us?" cried Lieut. Smith.

From Washington they flew to Dayton, where mechanics worked all night in relays to overhaul the planes. A new engine was installed in Wade's plane, the Boston II. Repaired, they flew on to Chicago, where once more they rested.

Torn by the wind, worn, burnt out and battered, these were crippled birds. Over the tilting continent they limped on raveled wings. Their lifting power was now so impaired, due to the yield of fabrics and skeleton, that they could not attain an elevation of more than 6,500 ft. The bastions of the Rockies, therefore, were impassable; they felt obliged to skirt them. The route was changed. Leaving Chicago, they were scheduled to fly, not by way of Cheyenne and Salt Lake City, but to veer south, with Omaha, Dallas and Tucson as their main stopping places on the sky trail to California.