Symbol

For steel and stogies, for smokebelching glass factories, for a fuliginous smoke pall, for soot and cinders and fabulous fortunes that the popular mind has pictured piled in spilling, golden mounds among dark mountains -for these things has Pittsburgh been famous since men forgot how she was once a frontier fort in the Red Indians' forest.

Last week, while steel stocks were rising, the giant became Spirit and cried out with a strong voice.

Vocalization. John Gabbert Bowman, Chancellor of Pittsburgh University, was the Spirit's mouthpiece. At a dinner of the Pitt trustees and a committee of citizens, he stood and told how a vast symbol would arise in an open place of the city called Frick Acres, a symbol of snowy limestone thrusting skyward for an eighth of a mile. He told how this shaft would be a habitation for the city's students, saying: "The building is to be a cathedral of learning, a great central symbol which makes the heart leap up and understand Pittsburgh. . . The building and its contents will keep vivid the lives of those who have done good work for Pittsburgh; who, to some memorable degree, have produced music, for example, or built up industry, or extended our knowledge of truth, or interpreted the use and beauty of life or served in matters of government. . . . We must rise to the highest attainable record. Nothing else is good enough. . . ."

Specifications. The architect's draft of this world's first educational skyscraper shows a great soaring edifice, Gothic in form but not in detail, rising tower above flanking tower, up and up along slender perpendicular lines to a blunt, shorn-off pinnacle 680 ft. above the rectangular base. The base is to be 360 by 260 ft., with four main arches, each 39 ft. high, opening into the heart of the pile. Batteries of high-speed elevators will be installed to race aloft through the tower to class rooms, laboratories, shops, libraries distributed on the building's 52 floors.*

Utility. Aside from its symbolism, high construction appealed to the Pittsburghers for the flexibility it affords in the use and arrangement of space. With the exception of the medical and dental schools, the entire University will be quartered in the pile, uncrowded even when its students number 12,000. Moreover, massing all schools and departments together in one building was felt to make for unity in the educational idea imparted to the students. A final, obvious consideration was economy of terrain.

The Woolworth Building has 54 stories.

Money. Architect Charles Z. Klauder of Philadelphia and Engineers Stone & Webster of Boston estimated that ten million dollars will be required to send up the Cathedral of Learning. That the millions would be promptly forthcoming and that the work would begin next year on schedule seemed likely when one scanned the list of

Wide World

CHANCELLOR BOWMAN
His heart will leap

Pitt's trustees and the personnel of the citizens' committee. Names: Andrew W. Mellon, U. S. Secretary of the Treasury; Homer D. Williams (steel); John H. Nicholson (tubing); Robert B. Mellon (banks); Edward V. Babcock (lumber); George H. Clapp (aluminum); Howard Heinz (pickles); Marcus Aaron (china); Charles D. Armstrong (corks); Isaac W. Frank (foundries); Arthur L. Humphrey (air brakes); A. J. Kelly Jr. (realty); Hamilton Stewart (blast furnaces); T. H. B. McKnight (railroads).

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health), turned attention to the lis life trustees of the largest unive in the world: William B. Pars (civil engineer), Chairman; Nich M. Butler (Columbia President); Ma cellus H. Dodge (firearms); the Rev. William T. Manning (New Y Bishop); Willard V. King (bank Stephen Baker (banks); Frederici Coudert (lawyer); Newcomb Carl (telegraphs); John G. Milburn th yer); Joseph P. Grace (banks, s merchandise); Alfred E. Mar (realty); Albert W. Putnam (lawyer Ambrose D. Henry (railroads); Jack son E. Reynolds (banks); Frede Coykendall (steamboats); Newb Morris (lawyer); the Rev. Caleb R Stetson (rector); Frederick A. Goet (Columbia engineering dean).

Parochials

In Michigan, private and parochial schoolmasters were gratified. Las week, at the polls, Michigan voters & feated the proposed State Constitutiona Amendment (TIME, Oct. 20) compel ing all Michigan children "under th ninth grade and under 16" to attend t'e public schools-an amendment whi would have shorn private and parocha schoolmasters of a round two-thirds (1 their patronage.

In Oregon, other schoolmasters were similarly gratified. Oregon voters deal in like fashion with a like amendment

"Hush Hall"

The winds of protest, from faculty. alumni, students, that had beaten for a fortnight upon Yale's new dormitory, a-building by order of the Yale Cor poration next Connecticut Hall (TIME. Nov. 3), last week proved sufficiently violent to drive the workmen from the site and sweep the Corporation into renewed conference. The Committee on Architectural Plans was to meet with hear the views of, other elements o the college. Meantime, building was suspended. The new dormitory, dubbel by the Yale Daily News "Hush Hall," because of the "secrecy" attending it advent, was anathema because it was to copy and stand beside old Connecticut Hall, traditional shrine.

Counting House

At Columbia

The election of Dr. Walter B. James as a life trustee of Columbia University to succeed Judge Robert S. Lovett, Chairman of the Board of the Union Pacific R. R. (resigned because of ill

New architectural departures at Harvard, announced last week, were remore calmly than "Hush Hall" was at Yale. The Harvard planning board declared its intention of shutting off street scenes and sounds from Harvard's famed Yard. Rather than literally wall off the Yard from Harvard Square and adjacent streetwhich might give "appearance of mon astic or snobbish seclusion," plans were drawn for a fringe of small dormi

Four years ago, the same amendment was vetoed by popular referendum.

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small hours; in Saigon ch Indo-China) in the morning; 1 Francisco at sunset; and also at Island in the evening. The eveof departure and arrival was the

The three circumnavigators who westward were back in six secThe three circumnavigators who eastward were back in five secThey were three SSS's and three s sent out by radio telegraph, racround the World in relays. Really time was poor-most of it being 1 by the frail humans who relayed on their way. The actual ether for a signal to go around the ld would be something less than seventh of a second.

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gnizant that brevities are man's weapons in his long war with 2. Paul Heymans, Professor of oretical Physics at the Massachu

Institute of Technology, recently ected a device capable of measurintervals as small as one-billionth 1 second. His method, first coned by Prof. P. O. Pederson of the versity of Copenhagen, consists of employment of the so-called "Licherg Figures" phenomena which me manifest when an electric wave eflected from an electrode. When electrodes are placed side by side given angle, these Lichtenberg Fig; will meet, coincide-the moment heir coincidence depending upon the e (unimaginably brief) required by waves in their passage between the trodes. So large is the ratio of se Figures that the tiniest fractional sions of a second may be detected. By this discovery may be studied a aber of arcane reactions which, bese of the crudity of moment-measurcontrivances, have never before been essible to the science of physics. ne of the more obvious of such enomena are: 1) the difference nocable in the time of the fall of two lies of the same shape but of consting material, when permitted to 1 in a rarified atmosphere; 2) the ference in the time required to transt sound for a given distance over a lio as compared to a telephone wire.

ower

A few miles south of Munich, high the mountains, is the Walschenseelake. In 1918, the Bavarian Governent decided to turn its vast water pply to the manufacture of power. onstruction of a colossal plant began d is now nearing completion. This giant water-power project will the largest in Europe and is designed operate all the Bavarian State railays by electricity and to supply vast its of power for private enterprise. > great will be the power available om the plant that some of it is excted to find its way to Austria and Vürttemberg.

The rate at which radio waves travel is he same as that of light-about 186,000 miles -econd.

The Current Situation

For several months before election, no one understood future business probabilities because nothing was happening. Since election, there has been equal doubt and ignorance, but for the opposite reason that too much was happening.

It occurred almost simultaneously to thousands of people that the smashing defeat of the anti-railroad radicals left a clear track ahead for railway stocks. Accordingly the Stock Exchange has been deluged with buying orders, and sharp advances have been caused. The public has been out of the stock market for some time, but it reëntered with an almost unparalleled vigor and enthusiasm.

While the brunt of the election's effects was seen in securities, other markets were also considerably affected. Sterling moved up firmly, accompanied by other foreign currencies. The grains responded by advancing several cents. Optimism is also spreading with indus

& FINANCE

trial circles, although not to the same extent as in rails or in the financial markets.

Stock Market

Boom, boom-boom, boom, boom. To the noise of that word marched the stocks of the N. Y. Stock Exchange last week. Up the narrow white street of the tape they paraded, left foot, right foot; point after point, up went steels, up went rails, up went sterling. On Saturday, a record was reached. The trading done on that day was only once exceeded in the history of the Exchange -on a Saturday, and that once in panictime-the silver panic of 1906. It was not until 20 minutes after twelve noon, normal closing time, that the demented ticker, chattering, jabbering, scribbled the word "Close," marking the end of the day's operations, of a week of nation-wide buying.

Why this beating of the big bassdrum, this circus-holiday? How came the staid Exchange to lend all three

rings to the revels, the gamtic performing bulls? For three re men said: The election of Pr Coolidge; the accompanying ass that under his administration no k tion would be directed against the roads; the fact that Great Brita off the corduroys of Socialism: suave dinner-jacket of a Conserva ministry. These were the occurre that made small investors fish s stockings from behind stoves and to the curb with their coin; that big investors say to their br "Buy!" between every puff oi long black cigars. Those who o these reasons pointed most of all⚫ first one. Drum-major in the from whom the swaggering swelled, they said, was a skinny from Vermont, and the big bass he so dourly thumped was called P perity.

Brokerage houses reported that viduals who had not invested a p since the War, waiting for sound cial conditions, were now telegra their orders. Grizzled traders asse that the Exchange was in the gr an old-fashioned, bull railroad m such as has not been dreamt t years. Big pools made profits. stocks reached new high records year, among them: Chicago, R Island & Pacific; General Asphalt ferred; New York, Lackawanna Western; Packard preferred; Pend vania R. R.

Evidently the stock market exper President Coolidge's reelection, more or less "discounted" it August. But it apparently faile anticipate the landslide which prom to strengthen his hold on Congress the smashing defeat dealt the rada Including "odd lots" (transactions less than 100 shares), considerably 2,000,000 shares of stock a day sold on the New York Stock Exc for several days in succession, i heaviest trading seen in several ye

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Atchison Double Track

One of the little-heralded de ments in the Southwest is the esta ment by the Atchison, Topeka & S Fe Railway of a double or alter track from Chicago to Los A with the exception of a level stret Arizona now under construction. completion of the latter will mark termination of a 20 year effort by road, will cover a route of 2,231 and has cost about $78,000,000.

Apart from the significance of achievement to the Atchison as premier southwestern road, it should have a great bearing up future development of its traffic tory. The road not only brings fornia fruits into Chicago and eastern centers of consumption, also essential to southwestern a planters, wheat growers and raisers. By producing either d track lines or else alternate route tween the southwestern centers of