Εικόνες σελίδας
PDF
Ηλεκτρ. έκδοση

ARITHMETIC

ON THE

PRODUCTIVE SYSTEM,

ACCOMPANIED BY A

KEY

AND

CUBICAL BLOCKS.

123456

BY ROSWELL C. SMITH,

AUTHOR OF PRACTICAL and mental ARITHMETIC, THE PRODUCTIVE GRAM ĐÃ♫
THE PRODUCTIVE GEOGRAPHY, &c.

STEREOTYPE EDITION

NEW YORK:

"UBLISHED BY CADY AND BURGESS,

60 JOHN STREET

1850.

IT IS NOT EASY TO DEVISE A CURE FOR SUCH A STATE OF THINGS, TRE DECLINING TASTE FOR SCIENCE;) BUT THE MOST OBVIOUS REMEDY IS TO TR VIDE THE EDUCATED CLASSES WITH A SERIES OF WORKS ON POPULAR AND PRACTICAL SCIENCES, FREED FROM MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS AND TECHNI CAL TERMS, WRITTEN IN SIMPLE AND PERSPICUOUS LANGUAGE, and ILLUS TRATED BY FACTS AND EXPERIMENTS WHICH ARE LEVEL TO THE CAPACITY OF ORDINARY MINDS."

QUARTERLY REVIEW.

[ocr errors]

THE FIRST THING TO BE REQUIRED IN A SYSTEM OF POPULAR INSTRUCTION, IS, THAT IT SHOULD BE INTELLIGIBLE; THAT CHILDREN AND YOUTH SHOULD UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY LEARN. UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY LEARN? IT MAY BE ASKED; WHAT ELSE CAN THEY DO? WE ANSWER, THAI THEY MAY COMMIT IT TO MEMORY, MAY RECITE IT, MAY EVEN MAKE A FAIR SHOW OF KNOWLEDGE, AND YET KNOW NOTHING. WE HAVE NOT THE LEAST HESITATION IN SAYING, THAT TWO OR THREE YEARS, IN THE EDU CATION OF ALMOST EVERY INDIVIDUAL IN THIS COUNTRY, HAVE BEEN THROWN AWAY UPON STUDYING WHAT THEY DID NOT UNDERSTAND." NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1841,
BY JOHN PAINE,

in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Connecticut.

HARTFORD,

STEREOTYPED BY

RICHARD H. HOBBS.

ARITHMETIC.

PART FIRST:

BEING A MENTAL2 COURSE FOR EVERY CLAss of learners

NUMERATION.

Recite by the Questions.

I. 1. NUMBER, which shows how many are meant, is represent-

ed by letters, by words, and by characters' called figures, as :~~-~-

[merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

Or, ш for 4; vi for 9; XXXX for 40; LXXXX for 90; and cм for 900,
+ Every o annexed to 1ɔ increases its value 10 times: as 10, is 500, 10ɔ is 5000: in like
manner the prefixing of c and the annexing of ɔ to ciɔ increases it 10 times as ciɔ, 1000,
cciɔɔ, 10000; lastly a line over any number increases it 1000 times: as, D, 500, 5, 500000.
NOTE. L. stands for the Latin language; G for the Greek and F. for the French.
1 ARITHMETIC, [G. arithmétiké.] Computing, calculating or reckoning by numbers
2 MENTAL, [L. mentis.] Pertaining to the mind; intellectually.

3 NUMERATION, [L. numeratio.] Numbering; the method or act of numbering.
4 REPRESENTED, Exhibited; described; personated; to supply the place of.

5 CHARACTER, A mark; a stamp; a letter; reputation: a personage.

QUESTIONS ON THE FOREGOING.

2. What does Number show? 1. How is it represented? 1. What letters and what figures stand for one, four, five and nine? What for ten? Ans. The figure 1 and 0 called naught or cipher.

3. What letters and what figures stand for eleven? For twelve? Fifteen? Twenty? Forty? Fifty? Ninety? What different numbers may be represented by the figures 1 and 5 written together? Ans Fifteen and fifty-one; as, 15:51.

4. What different numbers may be expressed by the figures 1 and 9? 2 and 5? What number is expressed by c? by D? by M? What by C, D, and M, with a dash over each.

5. What figures stand for one hundred? For two hundred? One thousand? Ten thousand? One hundred thousand? One million?

ADDITION."

QUESTIONS.

II. 1. Thomas has 3 dollars and Rufus 5 dollars.

dollars have they both? Say 3 and 5 are 8.

How many

A. 8 dollars.

2. A farmer has 5 cows in his yard, and 6 in the pasture. How many cows has he in both places?

3. A man bought a hat for 5 dollars, and a pair of boots for 7 dollars. How many dollars did he pay for both?

4. A man lost 7 dollars, and then had 8 dollars left? How many dollars had he at first?

5. A man gave 8 dollars for a saddle, 5 dollars for a bridle, and 2 dollars for a whip. What did the whole cost him?

6. Suppose there are 8 oranges in a basket, 5 on a table, and 4 in my pockets. How many will they all make?

7. A grocer sold to one man 6 barrels of flour, to another 9 barrels, and still had 5 barrels left. How many barrels had he at first?

8. In a certain class are 6 large boys, 7 small ones, and 10 girls. How many scholars are there in the class?

9. A boy has 10 dollars, his father gave him 10 more, and he has 5 owing to him. How many will they all make?

10. Thomas read 19 pages of history in one day, 12 in another, and 9 in another. How many pages did he read in all?

11. Suppose you are 10 years old, and that your brother was 10 years old when you were born. What is his age now?

12. A man gave 10 dollars more for his horse than for his wagon, and the wagon cost him 30 dollars. What did they both cost him? 13. How many are 10 and 30 and 40? 60 and 10 and 20? 100 and 200 and 400? 600 and 300 and 100?

1 ADDITION, [L. additio.] Any thing added; adding; joining; uniting two or numbers in one sum.

« ΠροηγούμενηΣυνέχεια »