3. How many cubic feet of stone will be required to build a foundation for a storehouse 100′ × 60', if the walls are 4' thick and 10' high?

4. At $0.90 per cubic foot, what will be the expense of building a brick wall 2 ft. high and 1 ft. thick on the two street sides of a corner lot 120 ft. by 80 ft.?

5. At $2.75 per cubic yard, what will it cost to build the foundation of a house 36 ft. by 24 ft., outside measurements, if the cellar is to be 9 ft. high and the wall 11⁄2 ft. thick?

6. When bricks are $8 per M, what will be the cost of the bricks necessary to build a partition wall 48 ft. long, 27 ft. high, and 8 in. thick?

7. The north side of a greenhouse is a brick wall 24 ft. long, 12 ft. high, and 8 in. thick. Find the surface area of the side; the number of cubic yards of masonry in the wall.

BOARD MEASURE

Wood used in building is called lumber, and is sold by the board foot (bd. ft.).

A board foot is a board a foot square, or its equivalent, and one inch or less in thickness.

In measuring lumber the thickness is regarded only when it exceeds one inch.

A board 10 feet long, 1 foot wide, and 1 inch thick contains 16 board feet. If less than an inch thick, it is still reckoned as 16 board feet. If 1 inches thick, it contains 1 times 16 board feet, or 24 board feet.

The price of lumber is usually given for a thousand feet, and the thousand feet indicated by the letter M.

The number of board feet in a piece of lumber is found by ultiplying its length in feet by its width in feet by its thickness in inches.

In solving problems, reckon to the nearest board foot.

1. How many board feet in a board 18 ft. long, 1 ft. wide, and of an inch thick?

2. A floor board is 12 ft. long, 8 in. wide, and † of an inch thick. How many board feet does it contain?

3. At 6 cents a board foot, what must be paid for 10 boards, each 12 ft. by 6 in. by 7 of an inch?

4. How many board feet in 12 boards 16 ft. by 11 ft.? If the thickness is not mentioned, it is always understood to be 1 inch or less.

5. Allowing for waste, how many feet of flooring boards must be bought for a room 12 ft. by 10 ft.?

6. At $30 per M, what is the cost of 500 ft. of pine sheathing? 250 ft.? 200 ft.? 100 ft.? 800 ft. ?

7. What is the rate per M, when hemlock boards are sold at 2 cents per board foot? 21 cents? 3 cents?

8. What is the rate per board foot when lumber is quoted at $30 per M? At $35? At $42?

9. Find the cost of 380 ft. of lumber at $45 per M. 10. What is the rate per M, when $11 is paid for 275 ft. of spruce boards?

At $45 per M, what is the cost of 24 boards each 16 ft. long, 1 ft. wide, and 1 in. thick?

(1)

24 × 16 × 1 × § = 480, the number of board feet

480 bd. ft. = .48 of a thousand feet

.48 × $45 $21.60

=

(2)

24 x 16 x 1 x = 480, the number of board feet

$45 1000 = $0.045, the cost of a board foot 480 × $0.045 = $21.60

11. What is the cost of 20 planks 16' x 9" x 21" at $60 per M?

12. At $36 per M, what is the value of 60 boards 10′ × 10′′ × 7"?

13. 24 sticks of timber 12 ft. long and 8 in. square were bought at $32 per M. What was the cost?

14. What is the cost of 30

$28 per M?

joists, 3" x 4", 16 ft. long at

15. How many feet, board measure, in a chopping block 2 ft. 6 in. high and covering a space of 4 square feet on the ground? Find its value at $ 24 per M.

16. At $30 per M, how much will it cost to build on the baseball grounds a catcher's fence 12 ft. long and 6 ft. high, supported by four 3" x 4" joists set 2 ft. in the ground?

PROBLEMS ABOUT THE PANAMA CANAL

1. The Panama Canal Zone is a strip of land 10 miles wide across the Isthmus of Panama, 473 miles. What is the area of the zone? (Keep answers.)

2. It was ceded to the United States in February, 1904. How long ago? (Give answer in years and

months.)

3. The total length of the canal is about 50 miles, 15 of which are at sea level. What part of the canal is above sea level?

4. Vessels entering on the Atlantic side will be raised to the level of Gatun lake by three locks, each having a lift of 28 feet 4 inches. How many feet above sea level is Gatun lake ?

5. Gatun lake is about 32 miles long. This is what part of the whole canal? Of the canal above sea level?

6. After crossing Gatun lake, vessels will be lowered by the Pedro-Miguel lock of the height above sea level to Miraflores lake. How many feet above sea level is Miraflores lake?

7. The distance across Miraflores lake to Miraflores locks is about 13 miles. How many feet?

8. At Miraflores vessels will be lowered to sea level by two locks equal in height. How many feet by each lock?

9. Each of the six locks is 1000 feet long and 110 feet wide, inside dimensions. The length is how many times the width? Each lock is what part of a mile in length? What are the dimensions of each lock in rods? The area in acres?

Pacific Ocean

10. The crest of the great dam at Gatun is 10 yards above the height of Gatun lake. How many feet above

sea level?

11. The dam at Gatun is 9040 feet long and 100 feet 'wide at its crest. What is the ratio of the length to the width? The length in miles? The width in rods? The area in acres?

12. The ocean steamship Mauretania is 790 feet in length and 88 feet in width. How many feet less than the length and the width of one of the locks?

13. The distance from New York to San Francisco by way of Straits of Magellan is 13,714 miles; by way of the canal the distance will be 5299 miles. How many miles will be saved by the Panama route?

14. The commercial route from Liverpool to San Francisco is 14,084 miles; by the canal it will be 8038 miles. How many miles shorter by the canal?

15. In going from New Orleans to Adelaide, Australia, a vessel sails 13,543 miles; 3209 miles will be saved by the canal. How far from New Orleans to Adelaide by way of the canal ?

16. Calling the distance from Liverpool to San Francisco by way of Straits of Magellan 14,000 miles, and by way of the canal 8000 miles, and the average speed of a steamship 20 miles an hour, find:

(a) The number of days required to make the trip by way of Straits of Magellan.

(b) The number of days required to make the trip by way of the canal.