TABLE

Of boiling points of water holding various proportions of salt in solution.

Expansion of Liquids in Volume from 32° to 212° Fahrenheit.

Of the Linear Dilatation of Solids by Heat.

a bar takes at 212°, whose length at 32° is 1·000000.

Dimensions which

Of Capacities of Bodies for Heat referred to Water as the Standard.

The pressure or gravity of the atmosphere, being equal to a column of water 34 feet in height, is the means or principle on which rests the utility of the common pump, also of the syphon, and all other such hydraulic applications. In the pump, the internal pressure on the surface of the liquid is removed by the action of the bucket; and as by degrees the density becomes lessened, so the water rises by the external pressure to the above-named height; and at such height it will remain, unless by some derangement of construction taking place, the atmospheric fluid is allowed to enter and displace the liquid column. But observe, if the temperature of the water or other liquid be so elevated that steam or vapor arise through it, then, according to the vapor's accumulation of density, may the action of the pump be partially or wholly destroyed; and the only means of evasion in such cases is to place the working bucket beneath the surface of the liquid which is required to be raised.

TABLE

Of the Degrees of the three Thermometrical Scales,

Above. Boiling Point of Water.

Fahren-
helt.

Centi-
grade.
Reau-
mur.

Fahren-
heit.

392 200 160

356 180 144 320 160 128 284 140 112 248 120 96

383 195 156 347 175 140 311 155 124 275 135 108 239 115 92

365 185 148 329 165 132 293 145 116 257 125100 221 105 84

To convert the Degrees in the three Scales into each other. To convert Centigrade or Reaumur's into Fahrenheit's Degrees.-Multiply the number of degrees by 9, divide the product by S for Centigrade. or by 4 for Reaumur's; add 32 to the quotient, and the sum will be degrees of Fahrenheit.

To convert Fahrenheit's into Centigrade or Reaumur's Degrees.--Subtract 32 frem the number of degrees, and divide the remainder by 9; multiply the quotient by 3 for Centigrade, or 4 for Reaumur's; the products will be the required degrees respectively.

Comparative Table of the Degrees of the three Thermometrical Scales.

Fahr'tCent. Rea. Fahr't Cent. Rea.Fahr't Cent. Rea. Fahr't Cent. Rea. Fahr't Cent. Rea.

212 100 80 167|75| 60 || 122 50 40 77

TABLE of the Weight of Substances of Construction, showing the weight of a cubic inch, and a cubic foot, in ounces and pounds avoirdupois, and also the number of cubic inches in one pound, of the substances most used in construction.