duced prodigious quantities of milk ||im, Hadrach-keder, Gamala, Edrei, and honey. The arable grounds,|| Gilead, Pella, Abel-beth-maachah, Jawhich, according to Hecateus, (but I besh-gilead, Chorazin, Julias, Bethsuppose his account too low,) amount- saida, Girgasha, Gadara, Hippo, Eed to about 3,000,000 of acres, pro-phron. duced the richest crops. The mines of the mountains produced plenty of iron and brass. When God by seasonable warmth and rains, concurred with the laborious improvers of this soil, it is abundantly credible, that it sufficiently supported the numerous millions that dwelt therein, Deut. xi.din, Zer, Kartan, Hammath, Rakkath, 11. and vi. 10. and viii. 7, 8, 9. On the west of Jordan, nine tribes and an half had their inheritance.On the north border, the tribe of Naphtali had theirs on the east side; and the tribe of Asher theirs on the west. The chief cities of Naphtali were Ir-shemesh, Ziddim, or Assod Cinnereth, Admah, Raamah, Hazor, Kedesh, Edrei, En-hazor, Iron, Migdal-el, Horem, Beth-anath, Beth-shemesh. In the territory of Asher lay the county of Cabul, and the cities of Helkath, Kanah, Rehob, Hammon, Abdon, or Hebron, Hali, Beten, Achshaph, Alammelech, Amad, Misheal, Shihor-libnath, Beth-dagon, Achzib, Ummah, Aphek, Rehob, Zidon, Ahlab, Accho; but the Phoenicians kept part of it from them. On the south An account of the MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, BROOKS, and VALLEYS of Canaan, will be given under these articles. We shall at present take a view of it, as divided into the twelve portions of the Hebrew tribes. On the east of Jordan dwelt the Reubenites, Gadites, and Manassites. The Reubenites had their lot on the south part, to the north-east of the Dead sea, and north of the river Arnon. It was partly very mountainous, including Peor, Ne-of both these tribes, the lot of Zebubo, and Pisgah hills; which, at pre-lun extended from the Mediterranean sent, have a very disagreeable aspect. sea to Jordan. Their principal cities Their principal towns were Jaazah, were Sarid, Maralah, Dabbasheth, Bamoth-baal, Beth-peor, Medeba, Jokneam, Chisloth-tabor, Daberath, Mephaath, Adain, Shittim, Beth-aba- Japhia, Gittah-hepher, Itta-kazin, ra, Livias, Macheron, Bezer, Lasha, Remmon-methoar, Neah, Kattath, Kedemoth, Beth-jesimoth: but the Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah, North Moabites seized on part of these ci- Beth-lehem, Nazareth, Kanah, Zebuties. On the north of Reuben lay the lun, Jotapa, Kitron, Karta, Dimnah. inheritance of the Gadites: their Southward of Zebulun lay the inherichief towns were, Mahanaim, Penuel, tance of Issachar. In it were the Succoth, Mizpah, Rabbath, Ramoth-mounts of North Carmel and Gilboah, gilead, Rogelim, Tishbi, Sharon, So- and the valley of Jezreel. Its chief phar, Armon, Magesh, Aroer, Beth-cities were Kishion, Dabareh, Jarharan, Debir, Ashtaroth, Jazer, Hesh-muth, En-gannim, Chesulloth, Shubon, Dibon, Enon. Here the ground nem, Hapharaim, Shihon, Anaharath, was more plain, and the soil very fertile. Northward of Gad was seated the half-tribe of Manasseh, whose territory was called Upper Galilee, or Galilee of the Gentiles; and was almost as large as both the two former portions. It contained the countries of Bashan, Golan,. Hauran, Macho- || nitis, Geshur, and Argob. The principal towns were, Shalisha, Bosra, Maachah, Gershon, Ashtaroth-karnaVOL. I. Rabbith, Abez, Remeth, En-haddah, Beth-pazzez, Tabor, Shahazimah, Beth-Shemesh, Nain, Jezreel, Aphek, Tarichea. Southward of Issachar dwelt the other half-tribe of Manasseh. Their chief cities were Bethshean, Ibleam, Dor, En-dor, Taanach, Megiddo, Salim, Aner, Bezck, Abelmeholah, Tirzah, Thebez, Gath-rimmon, Makkoth, Gilgal-dor, Cæsarea, and Antipatris. Southward of Manas 2 I From this brief sketch, it is plain, that the face of ancient Canaan must have been covered with cities. In the numerous wars mentioned in scripture; in the war between the Greeks of Egypt and Syria, Dan. xi; in the wars of the Romans under Pompey, Vespasian, Trajan, and others; in the wars between the eastern emperors and Persians; and in fine, in these between the Franks and Turks; it has often been deluged with blood. For many ages past, it has had every where obvious marks of the It is almost a desolate wilder sch was the inheritance of the Ephra- || South Bethlichem, Tekoah, Engaddi, imites. It abounded with a great Addullam, Keilah, Hebron, Joktheel, many picasant hills, Gerrizim, Ebal, Kirjath-jearim, &c. The land of the Ephraim, &c. Their chief cities Philistines, containing the six noted were Saron, Lydda, Elon, Ramatha- cities of Gath, Ekron, Ashdod, Ashin, two Beth-horons, Gazer, Tim-kelon, Gaza, and Majuma, all on the nath-serah, Pirathon, Shechem, Aru-west border of Canaan, and southmali, Samaria, Najoth, Michmash, cast coast of the Mediterranean sea, Shiloh, Beth-el, Ataroth, Ataroth-ad- also pertained to Judah; but though dar, Michmetha, Taunath-shiloh, Ja- once partly conquered, it was genenohah, Naarath, Tappuah, Kibzaim.raily kept in possession by the PhilisThe territories of these four last tines, Numb. xxxii. Josh. xiv-xxi. mentioned tribes, extended from the Judges, 1 Sam. xxx. 27, 31. 1 Chron. Mediterrancan sea on the west, to ii. and vi. Jordan on the east; but none other did. Southward of the east part of Ephraim's portion lay the inheritance of Benjamin. Their chief cities were Jericho, Beth-hoglah, Emek-keziz, Beth-arabalı, Zemaraim, Beth-cl, Avim, Parah, Ophrah, Chephar-haammonai, Ophni, Gaba, Gibeon, Ramah, Becroth, Mizpeh, Chephirah, Mozah, Rekem, Irpeel, Taralah, Zelah, Eleph, Gilgal, Ai, Alemeth, Anathoth, Kirjah, Gibeah, Bahurim, and part of Jerusalem. Westward of Benjamin's lot lay the inheritance of Dan. Their chief cities were Zorah, Esh-curse. taol, Ir-shemesh, Shaalabbin, Ajalon, || ness. Of most of its cities, we canJethlah, Elon, Thimnathah, Ekron, not trace the smallest remains. It Eitekeh, Gibbethoh, Baalath, Jehud, wants not, however, vestiges of its anBene-berak, Gath-rimmon, Mejarkon, Rakkon, and perhaps Joppa; part of these were taken out of the lot of Judah; they had also Dan on the North point of the promised land. Southward of the Danites, the Simeonites had their lot entirely out of the tribe of Judah. Their cities were Beer-sheba, Moladah, Hazarshual, Balah, Azem, Eitolad, Bethul, Hormah, Ziklag, Beth-markaboth, Hazarsusah, Beth-lebaoth, Sharuhen, Ain, Remmon, Ether, Ashan, Baalathbeer, South Ramoth. The portion of Judah lay mostly to the eastward of Simeon, and south of Benjamin. It was exceeding large, containing a bove 90, if not 100 fenced cities, after the deduction of about 24 for Simeon and Dan. The most noted were Libnah, Makkedah, Azekah, Beth-zur, cient fertility. When the Jews return to it in the Millennium, it will, no doubt, yield, them its strength; but the description of it, and of the lots of the tribes, in Ezek. xlvii. and xlviii. perhaps relates not at all to it, but represents the harmony and order of the various tribes of the spiritual Israel, in their apostolic, and chiefly inillennial period. CANDACE, a queen of Ethiopia, probably that southward of Egypt.It is said, the name denotes royal authority, and was commonly given to the queens of Meroe. It is certain, Kanidak, in the Abyssinian language signifies a governor of children. Pliny says, the government of Ethiopia subsisted for several generations, in the hands of queens named Candace. It is said, that by the preaching of her EUNUCH, she was converted to the || the increasing glory of his church? Chistian faith, Acts viii. 27. Exod. xxv. 31. 1 Kings vii. 49. The seven golden candlesticks in John's vision, denoted the seven churches of Asia. And did the two, with seven branches, in Zechariah's, represent the churches of Jews and Gentiles or the eastern and western churches, furnished with the Spirit of God in his various operations? Rev. i. 20. Zech. iv. 2. The placing of the candle of gifts, graces, and office, not under a bushel, but on a candlestick, imports the use of them, to the instruction, comfort, and edification of men, Mark iv. 21. CANE.* See CALAMUS. CANDLE. God's searching Jerusalem with candles, imports his perfect knowledge of their conduct; his punishing their secret sins; and his searching their conscience by convictions, and awakening providences, Zeph. i. 12. God's favour and blessing are termed his candle; as they direct, honour, and comfort us, Job xxix. 3. The rational understanding and conscience are termed a candle; they search observe, judge, inform, and direct us, Prov. xx. 27. Outward prosperity is called a candle; it is pleasant and agreeable; it manifests) us to the world; renders us conspicu- CANKER, or GANGRENE, a terous and enables us to act more abun-rible disease, which inflames and mordantly for the honour of God, and tifies the flesh upon which it seizes; welfare of men, Job xviii. 6. and xxi. || 17. Psal. xviii. 28. Gifts and graces, and teaching offices, bestowed by God on persons, are termed a candle; they ought to be discovered and used for the direction and comfort of others, Matth. v. 15. Luke viii. 16. and xi. 23. Instituted ordinances, and earth-over-run the neighbouring parts. Erly comforts, are called a candle; they are directive and comforting; but are short-lived, and quite unnecessary in the noon-tide of perfect glory, Rev. xxii. 5. spreads swiftly; endangers the whole body; and can scarce be healed without cutting off the infected part.-By the microscope, it appears, that swarms of small worms, preying on the flesh constitute this disease; and that new swarms produced by these, rors and heresies are likened to a canker; they overspread, corrupt, and prey on the souls of men; they eat out the vitals of religion, and afterward the forms of godliness, and bring spiritual ruin and death on persons and churches; and afterward ruin upon nations, wherever they are allowed, 2 Tim. ii. 17. Covetous men's silver and gold are cankered; the rust thereof bears witness against CANDLESTICK. That of the Mosaic sanctuary consisted of a talent of hammered gold, beaten out into seven branches, adorned with knops and flowers. It stood on the south side of the golden altar of incense; and being daily supplied with sacred oil, and its lamps lighted and trimmed by the priests, was the sole illu- * Canes of Bengal are so fine, that peo minator of the sanctuary. Solomon's ple work them into bowls or vessels, which temple being much larger, ten can- being varnished over in the inside, with dlesticks were made for the illumina-black or yellow lacca, will hold liquors as tion thereof. Did these candlesticks Indians use them for that purpose.-Cane well as glass or China ware does; and the represent Jesus, full of the Holy is also the name of a long measure used in Ghost above measure, and the light different countries, and is of different of his church? Or, did they repre- lengths; at Naples the cane is equal to 7 sent his church, by means of the gosfeet 3 1-2 inches English measure. pel, giving light to all around? Did in Egypt and other eastern countries is the name of a poor sort of building, for the rethe increase of candlesticks portend ception of strangers and travellers. the growing illumination of Jesus, and Canes Ency |