do a thing by the hand of others, is to do it by their ministry and service, Exod. iv. 13. Lev. viii. 36. and x. 11. and xxvi. 46, &c; and so wicked men are called the hand of God; as by them he executes much of his providential work on earth, particularly in correcting his people, Psal. xvii. 14. Handbreadth was a measure of a bout four inches. Our days are as an handbreadth; they are very short, and their shortness ought to be ever before us, Psal. xxxix. 5. Handmaid, a woman-servant : so women in general are called, in the language of humility, Ruth iii. 9. Psal. cxvi. 16. The ceremonial law is called an hand writing against us; its rites witnessed guilt, and desert of death; and it was a means of barring the Gentiles from the church of God, Col. ii. 14. Darts cast by the hand, are called handstaves, Ezek. xxxix. 9. HANES. See TAHPANHES. other three sons and two daughters,,, son of Levi; and had two wives, Hannah and Peninnah. The former was exceeding pious, and the darling of her husband; but the latter had children, and mightily upbraided Hannah with her want of them. As Elkanah and his whole family attended one of the solemn feasts at Shiloh, of his share of his sacrifices, he, at their feast, gave Peninnah and her children their several portions; but to Hannah he gave the best part of the peace-offering that fell to his share, or best part of the passover-lamb. At these entertainments, it was Peninnah's common practice to reproach Hannah with her barrenness. Hannah at last took it so ill, that she could eat none. To comfort her, Elkanah told her, that his distinguished regard to her was better than ten children. After eating a little, Hannah retired to the court of the tabernacle, prayed with great fervour for a child, and vowed to surrender him, as a NazaGod hangeth the earth rite for life, to the service of God.— upon nothing; by mere power he pre- Eli the high priest, observing her lips serves it in its proper place, a ball move, but not hearing her words, upsurrounded, at immense distance, by || braided her, as if she had been drunk. the visible heavens, Job xxvi. 7. On She told him her case, and he wished the two commandments, of loving the Lord might grant her request.— God and our neighbour, hang all the Divinely impressed that he would law and the prophets: every duty grant it, she went home cheerful.pointed out in the law and prophets is She had scarce returned to Ramah, comprehended in these two things; the place of their abode, when she and every history, doctrine, promise, conceived; and, in due time, bare and threatening, tends to promote this him, and called him Samuel, because love, Matth. xxii. 40. Hanging was she had asked him of, and lent him to, an ancient PUNISHMENT, Gen. xl. 22. the Lord. After she had weaned him, Josh. viii. 29. The hanged malefac- and he was about three years old, she tors of Israel were not to remain on carried him to Shiloh; and, with an the tree all night. They were em- oblation of three bullocks, an ephah blems of Christ's being cursed and of flour, and bottle of wine, presented crucified for us, and of his satisfying him before the Lord, and put him the penalty of the broken law by his under Eli's tuition; representing, death, and thereby removing the ini- that as she had obtained him by prayquity of a land in one day, Deut. xxi. er, so she had given him up for life 23. Gal. iii. 13; for crucifixion is to the service of God. On this occacalled hanging, Luke xxiii. 39. Acts sion, she composed an elegant hymn, v. 30. Hangings also denote curtains, celebrating the holiness, greatness, Exod. xxvii. 9. wisdom, power, and mercy of God. HANNAH. Her husband Elka-As an after-feast, as she gave Eli a nah was a Levite of mount Ephraim, coat for her son, he blessed her, and the 17th in descent from Kohath, the "wished her more children. She bare while, it seems, Peninnah's children || ham Iscah or Sarah, and NAHOR died, 1 Sam. i. and ii. Milcah. Out of respect to his memory, it is probable that his father called the place of their future abode, HARAN, HARA, or CHARRAN, Gen. xi. 27-32. Acts vii. 2. Here Terah died; and Jacob dweit with his uncle Laban, Gen. xxvii. 45. and xxix. It seems to have been situated between the rivers Chebar and Euphrates, considerably northward of the place where they meet. The peo HANUN; the son and successor of Nahash king of the Ammonites. Persuaded by evil counsellors, he used David's ambassadors, sent to him with compliments of condolence, after his father's death, as if they had come to spy the country, where it might be most easily attacked: he ordered to shave their beards, and cut off their clothes by their middle. He immediately thought how ill this would be ta-ple of it carried on a trade with the ken, and prepared for a war with the Tyrians, Ezek. xvii. 23. Near this Hebrews. Once and again he procu- place, Crassus the Roman general, red an assistant army from the Syri- and almost all his army, were cut off ans: but all his forces being defeated by the Parthians. in sundry battles, and the Syrians giving up with him, his whole kingdom was taken, and Rabbath his capital,|| after a siege of some months, destroyed: his crown, weighing or worth a talent of gold, and all he had, being seized by David, it is probable himself was slain, and his brother Shobi, who brought victuals to David at Mahanaim, made deputy-governor of the kingdom under David, 2 Sam. x. xi. xii. and xvii. 27-29. HARD. Beside its natural signification of the hardnes of matter, it signifies, (1.) Powerful; having much influence thus the sons of Zeruiah were too hard for David to get any of them punished, 2 Sam. iii. 39. (2.) Difficult; what can scarcely be got done, or understood: hence we read of hard causes, questions, and language, Exod. xviii. 26. Kings x. 1. Ezek. iii. 5. (3.) What is cruel, unsupportable, troublesome, and unmer. HAPPY. Some are happy only ciful: hence we read of hard bondage, in the opinion of themselves or others, a hard saying, a hard man, Exod. i. as is indeed the case of all wicked 14. John vi. 60. Matth. xxv. 24.— men: there being no solid happiness Hardness of spirit, expresses great but in agrecable relation to, and en- inward sorrow and trouble, 1 Sam. joyment of God, who is happy in him-i. † 15. Hardness of heart, imports self, and the author of all happiness to his creatures, Gen. xxx. 13. Jer. xii. 1. Mal. iii. 15. The saints are truly happy, because God is their portion; their life of fearing and serving him is the best; they are corrected by him for their profit; and their suffering for righteousness is their honour, and shall be rewarded by him, Psal. cxliv. 15. and cxxviii. Job. v. 17. 1 Pet. iii. 14. Matth. v. 3-10. Luke vi. 20-23. stupidity and obstinacy in sinning, Ezek. iii. 7. The way of transgressors is hard; they are obstinate in their sin, and their course is disagrecable and dangerous, Prov. xiii. 15. Manifold troubles are called || hardness, because difficult to be borne, 2 Tim. ii. 3. God's hardening men, imports his just withholding of his gracious influences from them: his sovereign casting them into such circumstances, as their corruption can HARAN, the eldest son of Te- improve to bad purposes; and his rah, and brother of Abraham, and permitting Satan, sinful companions, father of Lot, and of two daughters and their own lusts, to draw them viz. Milcah and Iscah. As he died into one sin after another, and render young, it seems his two brothers them bold and obstinate in wickedmarried his two daughters, Abra-ness, Exod. iv. 21. and vii. 3. and xiv. 4, 17. and ix. 12. and x. 1, 10, || 27. Men harden their heart, face, or neck, when they grow more and more obstinate and impudent in wickedness, and refuse to be reclaimed, 1 Sam. vi. 6. Jer. v. 3. Prov. xxix. 1. To harden one's self in sorrow, is with bravery to endure violent pains from an eager desire of death, Job vi. 10. HARE; a well-known animal, with a short tail, black eyes, doubled fore-teeth, simple under-teeth, and no tusks. It has long ears, whereby it hears well: its feet are excellently formed for running, especially uphill, the fore-legs being shortest. It is very timorous and lustful. Moses is not the only writer who affirms that hares chew the cud. Aristotle says, it has a runnet similar to other beasts that chew the cud. It was unclean under the law, as it did not divide the hoof and might be an enblem of sinners, fearful, unbelieving, and given to fleshly lusts, Lev. xi. 6. Deut. xiv. 7. HARLOT. See WHORE. HARNESS; the furniture of a horse, to render him fit for work, or war, Jer. xlvi. 4: but it is more frequently taken for a set of defensive armour, as a coat of mail, brigantine, and habergeon, 1 Kings xxii. 34. The children of Israel went up out of Egypt harnessed, girded as for war: but the word may be rendered, by five in a rank, Exod. xiii. 18. He that puts on his harness, ought not to boast as he that puts it off; he that only prepares for battle, ought not to boast as if he had got the victory, 1 Kings xx. 11. HAROD; a place in the valley of Jezreel, near the foot of mount Gilboa, and seems to have had its name from the trembling of the Hebrews, or Midianites, near to it. Here Gideon mustered his army, Judg. vii. 1; and here Elikah and Shammah, two of David's mighty men, seem to have been born, 2 Sam. xxiii. 25. I Chron. ii. 27. HAROSHETH of the Gentiles; a city of Galilee, near the lake of Merom, whereabout many Heathens dwelt, and where Sisera resided, and to the very gates of which his routed army were pursued, Judg. iv. 2, 16. HARP. That kind invented by Jubal, the descendant of Cain, and used by the ancients, is now disused. It was composed of a base or hollow sounding belly, with two branches raised on the sides thereof, to which were fastened three, six, or nine strings, which, when played on with the fingers, or with a bowstring, gave a very agreeable sound. From Isaiah's saying, that his bowels sounded in mourning as a harp, and from other evidences, it appears, that its sound was of a grave and querulous kind; nay, its very name KINNOR, signifies what is sad and lamentable.-Solomon's harps were of wood, 1 Kings x. 12. Harps were used both in sacred and civil music, 1 Sam. xvi. 16, 23. During the captivity in Babylon, the Levitical singers hanged their harpsi as useless, on the willow-trees on the bank of the Euphrates, and other rivers in Chaldea, Psalm cxxxvii. 2.→ The Greeks and Romans had the use of the harp from the eastern barbarians. Our modern harp is of a triangular form, having three rows of strings, and being held upright between one's knees, is played on with both hands, and has a sound soinewhat similar to that of the spinnet. Playing on the harp, often denotes grave and cheerful praise of, and thanksgiving to God, Psal. xxxiii. 2. and xliii. 4. and cxlix. 3. The saints are likened to harpers, because, with gravity, cheerfulness, and holy skill, they praise the Lord for his goodness, Rev. v. 8. and xiv. 2. HART. See DEER. HARVEST. The harvest, or time of cutting down and gathering in corns, is different according to the soil and warmth of countries. In Canaan it began in March, and was finished about the middle of May. As the barvest is a time of great import? ΑΙ solemn assemblies, on account of the sinful manner in which they were observed, Isa. i. 13, 14. (2.) To want love to persons; so God hated Esau; he did not elect him to everlasting .ife, he did not choose his seed to be his peculiar people, nor show saving kindness to him, or to many of them, Mal. i. 3. Rom. ix. 13. A parent hates his child, i. e. wants proper love thereto, when he forbears to give him due correction for his real good. (3.) To love far less ardently: so sometimes the Jews had a hated and a beloved wife, Deut. xi. 15.We must hate father and mother in comparison of Christ; that is, must love them far less than him, Luke xiv. 26. HATRED, is a deep-rooted ill-will at one, disposing us to vex, in ance for laying up provision, any time | enemies hate one another; and unreof gainful labour is called harvest; generate men hate God, Jer. xliv. 4. hence a sleeper in harvest causeth Rom. vii. 15. Psal. xxxiv. 21. Rom. shame to himself and his friends, i. 30. God hated the Jewish newProv. x. 5. A time of God's destruc-moons, and feasts, and sacrifices, and tive judgments, whereby he cuts down many, and carries them into the eternal state, is likened to an harvest; hence we read of an harvest on Babylon and Judah, Jer. li. 33. Hos. vi. 11. A people ripened by sin for destruction, are likened to a harvest, or crop ready for the sickle of God's vengeance, Isa. xviii. 5. Joel iii. 13. Rev. xiv. 15. A noted opportunity of ministers labouring with much success in the work of the gospel, cutting men off from their natural state, and gathering them to Christ, is called an harvest; and men disposed by providence for receiving the gospel, are likened to a ripe crop, Matth. ix. 36, 37. John iv. 35, 36.—|| The day of judgment is likened to a harvest; then all things shall be ripe for a dissolution; the frame of na-jure or destroy him, 2 Sam. xiii. 15; ture shall be unhinged; men's condition shall be quite. altered; the saints gathered into Jesus's barn, his heavenly mansions, and the wicked into hell-fire, Matth xiii. 30, 39-42. || The Assyrians were like harvest-men; they destroyed the nations, cut them down, and even gleaned, cutting off the remnant that were left at first, Isa. xvii. 6. and a hatred of our neighbours, is accounted murder before God, 1 John iii. 15; and he reckons us guilty of this hatred, if we suffer our neigh bour to lie in sin, or go on in it, without reproving him in a serious and Christian manner, Lev. xix. 17.— Wicked priests are hatred ; are very hateful; and often malicious and fearful means of variance between God and men, and between man and man, HASTE; HASTEN. To hasten righteousness, is to execute judg-Hos. ix. 8. HATEFUL, or odious, dement and justice with all proper speed, serving to be hated: so sinners being Isa. xvi. 5. To hasten to the coming full of hatred against God, deserve to of the day of God, is earnestly to long be hated, Tit. iii. 3: and birds, such after, and prepare for the last judg-as ravens, owis, kites, vultures, are ment, 2 Pet. iii. 12. HASTY persons, hateful, Rev. xviii. 2. are such as are rash and inconsiderate, HAVEN; a seaport, where ships Prov. xiv. 29; or that are very active, lie at rest. Zebulun was a haven for furious, and speedy in their march, shifts: they had convenient harbours Hab. i. 6. The Lasty fruit, is what in their part of the coast of the Meis ready before the ordinary time. diterranean sea, Gen. xlix. 13. A -The suddenly-approaching judg-place on the east end of Crete was ments of God are likened to it, Isa. called the fair, or beautiful, haven, xxviii. 4. Acts xxvii. 8. HATE. (1.) To bear an ill-will God and his people hate sin; to one. HAVILAH. (1.) The second son of Cush, and grandchild of Ham. It |