The

The Danish Silver Pund, or Solvpund, is less than the ordinary Pund, and is equal to 9776 Dutch "As." Solvpund may, acording to the above table, be divided in two ways, viz. :-either into 32 Lod = 128 Kvinten into 48 Karat (each equal to 1 Lod) 192

512 Ort; or Gran 576

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The Medical Pund is equal to 357.66 French Grammes, and therefore nearly of an ordinary Danish Pund. In Holstein, and in Lauenburg, and partly in Sleswick, different German Weights are still in use, though the legal unit of Weight is the ordinary Danish Pund.

SLESWICK-HOLSTEIN.*

The Weights and Measures are the same as those of Denmark. No change having been made since Sleswick-Holstein was severed from the Danish Crown, in October, 1864.

* The legal denominations of money of account, while the Duchies of Sleswick and Holstein formed a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, were the same as those of Denmark (see p. 31); but the coins in circulation were chiefly those of Hamburg and Lubec. No change has as yet been made in the currency, or money of account, since the cession of the Duchies to Prussia and Austria, under the Treaty of Vienna, of 30th October, 1864.

The Aln of 2 Fot- =

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6494 of an English Yard, or 5938 Mètre, and the Faden of 6 Fot 5.8446 English Feet, or 1-484505 Mètre. The Standard Swedish Fot may be found from the following rule:-a pendulum in vacuo beating seconds of mean solar time at Stockholm at the sea level when the thermometer is at 15° Celsius, measures 3.35064 Swedish Fot.

The Square Aln of 4 Square Fot

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3.79554 English Square Feet, or 352600815 Square Mètre. The Tunnland of 56000 Square Foot, or 14000 Square Aln, or 5.6 Square Ref 5904-186057 English Square Yards, or 1.21987 English Acre, or 49.364114 Ares.

CUBIC MEASURES.

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* These English values have been calculated at the rate of 277-274 English Cubic Inches to the British Imperial Gallon, the equivalent of the Swedish Cubic Fot being taken as 1597-2228483739 English Cubie Inches.

Medical men and Apothecaries use indifferently both the Legal system of Weights, just given, and the old Pharmaceutical Weights of the Grain, the Scruple, and the Ounce. In the country the new Weights are most generally used in writing Prescriptions and compounding Drugs.

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The Weights and Measures given above are the present Legal ones, but the old, or common system superseded by them is still occasionally used, and is as follows:-Length.-Fot of 12 Tumer, of 12 Linier 11-68923 English Inches, or 296901 Mètre; the Aln of 2 Fot, and the Faden of 6 Fot. Surface.The Tunnland of 32 Kappland, or 14000 Square Aln = 1.21987 English Acre, or 49.364114 Ares. Cubic Measures. - The Cubic Faden, Aln, Fot, and Linie. Capacity (a) Dry Goods.The Kanna was the fundamental unit both for Dry Goods and Liquids. It was equal to 57603 British Imperial Gallon or 2.617189 Litres. The Tunna was a measure whose cubic contents varied with different sorts of goods. In Fruit it was 56, in Salt or Lime, it was 59, in Grain (heaped measure) it was 63, in Malt it was 66, and in Fresh Herrings it was 80 Kannas. There was also a Tunna of 48 Kannas. The Tunna was divided into 2 Spann, each of 2 Half-Spann, each of 2 Viertel, each of 4 Kappas. The Kanna in Dry Measure was divided into 2 Stoop, each of 4 Quartiers, each of 4 Ort. The Tunna of 56 Kannas 4.03221 British Imperial Bushels, or 146.563 Litres. The Tunna of 63 Kannas 4.53624 British Imperial Bushels, or 164-8829 Litres. A Last of Coal was 12 Tonnas, each of 63 Kannas. (b) Liquids. The Kanna, each of 2 Stoops, each of 2 Quartiers, each of 4 Jungfrau •57603 British Imperial Gallon, or 2.617189 Litres. The Beer Tunna contains 48 Kannas. Weights. Before the adoption of the new system there were 5 different sorts of Weights in use in Sweden, namely:-1. Commercial Weight. 2. Iron or Freight Weight. 3. Mark Weight used by Miners. 4. Mark Weight used in country towns. 5. Apothecaries' Weight. The Pund of 32 Lood, each of 4 Quentchen. The Lispund of 20 Pund, and the Skeppund of 20 Lispund. The Skeppund, Commercial Weight 400 Pund Commercial Weight,

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but the Skeppund, Freight Weight, of 20 Lispund, each of 20 Pund, is equal to only 320 Pund Commercial Weight. A Centner is 120 Pund Commercial Weight.

A Pund, Commercial Weight 425.3895 Grammes.

A Pund, Freight Weight 340.272 Grammes.

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A Pund, Miners' Mark Weight 375-826 Grammes.

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9377 lb. av. English, or

75016 lb. av. English, or

= 8285 lb. av. English, or = 7891 lb. av.

A Pund, Country Towns' Mark English, or 357.956.

A Pund, Apothecaries' Weight 356-437 Grammes.

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Weight

7858 lb. av. English, or

The Old Apothecaries' Weights were as follows:

The Weights and Measures are the same as those of Denmark, but the introduction of a Decimal system is contemplated.

SWITZERLAND.

In Weights and Measures a mixed system, partly Decima! and partly Duodecimal, prevails in Switzerland.

The Geographical Mile is equal to 24690 Fuss. An English Yard 3.048 Fuss; an English Foot = 1.016 Fuss; and an English Inch 8.46 Linien. The Schweizerstunde Mètres.

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4800

The denominations Ruthen, Fuss, Zoll, Linien, and Striche, are denoted by the marks, thus :-5°, 8', 3", 4"", 6"" 5 Ruthen, 8 Fuss, 3 Zoll, 4 Linien, 7 Striche. The Elle is also called Brache, or Half-Staab, and is used in measuring Ribbons, &c. A Staab is 2 Ellen or 4 Fuss, and is used in measuring Broad Cloth, and Linen, &c.

In Meadow Land a Juchart is 350, and in Woodland it is 450 Square Ruthen.

The Klafter used in the measurement of Firewood is always in area a Square Klafter, or 36 Square Fuss, but its depth varies in different countries.