2. Divide $69345.36 equally between 18 men. 3. Divide $4832.40 into 24 equal parts. PRACTICAL EXAMPLES. Ans. $3852.52. 189. To find the cost of a number of things when the price of one thing is given. 1. If apples are worth $2.50 per barrel, what are 3 barrels worth? Three barrels are worth 3 times as much as one barrel, .. 3 barrels are worth $2.50 × 3 = $7.50, Ans. Hence, RULE. Multiply the price of one by the number. 2. What is the cost of 9 barrels of flour, at $7.75 per barrel? Ans. $69.75. 3. Bought 25 sheep, at $6.25 each; what was the cost of the flock? 4. Bought 18 yards of broadcloth, at $3.875 per yard; what was the cost of the piece? 5. What is the value of 75 acres of land, at $37.50 per acre? 190. To find the price of an article when the cost of a given number of articles is known. 6. When eight cords of wood are worth $44, what is the value of 1 cord? If 8 cords are worth $44, one cord is worth of $44; and $448 $5.50, Ans. Hence, Divide the cost by the number. 7. If 24 yards of broadcloth cost $93, what is the price per yard? Ans. $3.87. 8. Bought 37 pounds of butter for $8.51, what was the price? Ans. 23c. 189. How is the cost of a number of things found when the price of one is known? 190. How the price of one when the cost of a number is known? NOTE. Price is, appropriately, the sum asked for one article; thus, when any one asks a flour dealer the price of flour, he is understood to ask what he must pay for a single barrel, not fifty barrels, nor half a barrel, nor any quantity except one barrel. Hence we distinguish between price and cost, or price and value. 9. Bought 356 bbls. of flour for $3026; what was the price? 10. Bought a farm containing 125 acres for $6843.75; what was the price per acre? 191. To find the quantity when the cost of the quantity and the price of one are given. 11. At $6 per ton, how many tons of coal can I buy for $24? I can buy as many tons as $6 is contained times in $24, and $24 $64, .. I can buy 4 tons. Hence, RULE. Divide the cost by the price of one. 12. At $3 per yard, how many yards of cloth can be bought for $546? Ans. 182. 13. At $22.50 per acre, how many acres of land can be bought for $1822.50 ? 14. At 56 cents a pound, how many pounds of tea may be bought for $25.20 ? 15. A drover bought oxen at $62.50 each; how many oxen did he buy for $1562.50? 192. To find the cost of articles sold by the 100 or by the 1000. 16. At $4.50 per 100 feet, what will 342 feet of timber cost? OPERATION. $4.50 3.4 2 900 1800 1350 $15.3 9 0 0, Ans. = Had the price been $4.50 per foot, the cost would have been $4.50 342 $1539; but since the price is $4.50 per hundred feet, the true multiplier is one hundredth part of 342, viz. 3.42, and the true cost is $4.50 X 3.42 = $15.39. 190. Meaning of price? Difference between price and cost, or price and value? 191. Rule for finding the number of things when the cost and price are known? 192. Explain Ex. 16. Had the price been $4.50 per thousand feet, the true multiplier would have been .342, and the cost would have been $4.50 × .342 = $1.539. Hence, RULE. First reduce the quantity to hundreds and decimals of a hundred, or to thousands and decimals of a thousand, as the example may require; then multiply the price by the quantity, and point the product as in multiplication of decimals (Art. 171). NOTE 1. C is used to indicate hundreds, and M to indicate thousands. 17. What cost 1200 feet of boards, at $2.10 per C? 18. What cost 12514 feet of timber, at $13.50 Ans. $25.20. per M? Ans. $168.939. NOTE 2. In business transactions the answer to Ex. 18 would be called $168.94. In the remaining examples in U. S. Money, the mills in the answers will be omitted if less than 5, and one will be added to the cents if the mills are 5 or more. 19. What cost 20000 shaved pine shingles, at $6 per M? 20. What cost 13725 bricks, at $6.50 per M? Ans. $89.21. (a) To find the cost of articles sold by the ton. 21. What cost 2440 lb. of hay, at $18.50 per ton? OPERATION. 2) 2.440 1.2 2 181 61 976 122 $ 2 2.5 7, Ans. First divide by 2000 (i. e. point off three decimal places and divide by 2), to reduce the weight to tons and decimals of a ton; then multiply by the price. In multiplying, the 50 cents may be used decimally, or the common fraction, , may be used, as in the operation. 22. What cost 58481b. of coal, at $6.25 per ton? Ans. $18.28. 192. Rule for finding the cost of articles sold by the 100 or 1000. is C used? M? What is Note 2? the ton? For what Mode of finding the cost of articles sold 193. To find the cost or value of any number of articles when the price is an aliquot part of a dollar. TABLE OF ALIQUOT PARTS OF A DOLLAR. 23. What cost 64 yards of cloth, at 87 cents per yard? The cost at $1 is evidently as many dollars as there are yards; the cost at 50c. is half as much as at $1; the cost at 25c., half as much as at 50c.; and the cost at 12c., half as much as at 25c. Then the cost at 50c., at 25c., and at 121⁄2c., added, gives the cost at 87c. This process is usually called Practice, for which we have the following RULE. Take such aliquot parts (Art. 119, Note) of the number of articles as the price is of $1. 24. What cost 48 barrels of apples, at $3.37 per barrel? 25. What cost 24 barrels of. flour at $6.333 per barrel? Ans. $152. 193. Rule for finding the cost when the price is an aliquot part of a dollar? What is this process called? Name the most convenient aliquot parts of a dollar. 26. What cost 48 lb. of raisins, at 12c. per pound? 194. To find the cost when the number of articles is expressed by a compound or by a mixed number. 31. What cost 9a. 3r. 20rd. of land, at $40 per acre? 32. What cost 83 shares of railroad stock, at $108.50 per share? This process is also called Practice, and may be stated thus: Multiply the price by the entire number of articles, and to this product add such aliquot parts of the price as the fractional part of the number is of a unit. 33. What cost 3t. 16cwt. 1qr. 20lb. of hay, at $16 per ton? Ans. $61.16. cord? 34. What cost 6c. 5c. ft. 8cu. ft. of wood, at $6 per 35. What cost 243 acres of land, at $48.72 per acre? 191. Rule for finding the cost when the number of articles is expressed by a compound or by a mixed number? |