Suppose, now, the following to be a copy of the memorandum made on the spot, with the mean diameters between each pair. Memorandum of A. B.'s Guile Tun, No. 7, Gaged, Drip of the Tun 1 kilderkin by measure. Dip, — 00·8 .. Here, then, is every requisite for the entry to be made in the Dimension Book, the manner of filling up which has been sufficiently explained and amply illustrated. PROBLEM XVII. To Gage a By-Tub. By-Tubs are vessels generally of an irregular form, used by Victuallers in the country, and others that brew in small quantities at a time, for the purpose of cooling their worts. When a By-Tub is to be gaged, it is customary to ascertain at once the quantity of wort or beer in it, without finding different areas, as practised for all Fixed Utensils. METHOD OF GAGING. Find, on the principles laid down in MENSURATION, the area of the Tub for one inch deep, in ale gallons, at half the depth of the wort or beer in it; and multiply this area by the depth of liquor, which depth, if the bottom of the Tub be level, you may ascertain at once with your dimension-cane: but if the bottom be uneven, a mean depth must be deduced from several dips in various parts of the Tub. The gallons are afterwards to be reduced to Barrels, Firkins, and Gallons. PROBLEM XVIII. To Deduct from Warm Worts the proper Allowance for Heat. It is well known that heat expands almost every sort of body, for if any liquid whatever be poured boiling hot into a vessel so as to fill it, the liquid will shrink in bulk more and more as it cools down to the ordinary temperature of the atmosphere; and if any fixed fluid at pleasure be put into a vessel cold, and exposed to heat, its bulk will increase more and more as the fluid becomes hotter and hotter. By experience it is found that every quantity of hot wort shrinks in cooling to little more than nine-tenths of its original bulk; that is, hot wort in cooling loses nearly one-tenth part of its volume or bulk. This being clearly understood, it will be easy to make the proper allowance for heat in worts, for in casting the gages of all hot worts, we must deduct one-tenth part the content. This is readily performed in gallons; for if the number of hot gallons be written twice, but in such manner as that the figures in the lower line be each one place more to the right, than those above them, (in which case the decimal point in the lower line will be one place more to the left,) we have only simply to subtract the lower line from the upper, and the remainder will be the content in cold gallons. EXAMPLE. If a gage of hot wort be 198 gallons, what quantity must be charged? SOLUTION. 1980 hot gallons Deduct 19.8 one-tenth part Remainder 178.2 gallons when cold, Ans. But an officer must be likewise expert in deducting a tenth, in Barrels, Firkins and Gallons. This presents very little difficulty, for, under the Barrels in the Content hot, write one-tenth part the Barrels, units ranging with units; then, if there be a remainder over tens, multiply it by 4, and to the product add the Firkins in the Content hot: the sum divided by ten, will give the Firkins to be set under Firkins. The remainder is now to be multiplied by 9, and the Gallons, in the Content hot, added to the product; when one-tenth of the sum is to be set under the Gallons. Lastly, the lower line subtracted from the upper, will give the Content to be charged. EXAMPLE. If a gage of hot wort be B43..F3..G5-7, what will the charge be? SOLUTION. B. F. G. 43..3..5.70 content hot Deduct 4..1..5.07 one-tenth part OF VICTUALLERS' UTENSILS. THE Utensils of common Brewers, and of Victuallers differ nothing except in the size, those of Victuallers being generally on a scale much smaller than that employed by a Wholesale Brewer. The method of gaging and fixing the Utensils, however, is the same in both cases, and hence further instructions are quite unnecessary. We shall, therefore, conclude this part of an Exciseman's duty with one remark; viz., that where great accuracy is deemed of consequence, we must not confine ourselves to ten-inch divisions in any sort of utensil, (although this particular number, on account of its being so convenient a multiplier and divisor, is exceedingly appropriate,) but on the contrary, make such divisions of the Utensil, as that the cross diameters, or mean lengths and breadths of any two contiguous divisions may never differ more than an inch. Hence, in vessels of great or sudden curvature, the altitudes of the divisions will be comparatively small; whereas in curves approaching more to straight and parallel lines, the divisions will be of greater depth. In vessels with straight sides, if the whole depth be divided by the difference of the diameters at the top and bottom when round, or by the difference of the lengths or breadths, above and below, when square, the quotient will be the perpendicular depth of each division whereof the difference of the corresponding dimensions at the surface and base shall be exactly an inch. It might also be mentioned, that in tabling any sort of utensil, whether by subtraction for dry inches,. or by addition for wet inches, the area to be subtracted or added need not be written at all in the Table, but on a moveable slip of paper; for, by shifting the paper, |