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Dandulo, a converted Mahometan, was baptized at this chapel by Mr. Gunning, November 8, 1657, and an account of the proceeding, by Thomas Warmstry, D.D., was published in 1658 under the title of The Baptized Turk.

From 1667 till 1676, when the first Earl of Shaftesbury removed into the City, and the house was pulled down, Exeter House was the home of John Locke, who resided with Lord Ashley at this time as "family physician, tutor, and private friend," and for a while as secretary. Many of Locke's extant letters are dated from Exeter House, and it was whilst here that he was occupied with the Essay on the Human Understanding.1 The Court of Arches, the Admiralty Court, and the Will Office of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury were held in Exeter House after the Great Fire, till new offices were built.2 In 1855 the Marquis of Exeter (a lineal descendant of the great Lord Burleigh) sold by public auction the freehold property on the site of Exeter House, producing nearly £3000 a year, for £51,800. [See Cecil House.] "In the Strand, near Exeter House," lived the beautiful Countess of Carlisle, of Charles I., Van Dyck, Suckling, and Carew. The house belonged to Mr. Thomas Cary, of the Monmouth family, and was leased by the countess at a rent of £150 a year,-at least £600 of our present money.3

Exeter Street, STRAND, built circa 1677, and so called after Exeter House, the town house of Cecil, Earl of Exeter, son of the great Lord Burghley.

Exeter Street cometh out of Katherine Street, and runneth up as far as the back wall of Bedford yard or garden.—Strype, B. vi. p. 75.

Where the street

The west end had no outlet when first erected. ends was therefore the back wall of old Bedford House. Dr. Johnson's first London lodging was at the house of one Norris, a staymaker in this street. "I dined," said he, "very well for eightpence, with very good company, at the Pineapple, in New Street, just by. Several of them had travelled. They expected to meet every day; but did not know one another's names. It used to cost the rest a shilling, for they drank wine; but I had a cut of meat for sixpence, and bread for a penny, and gave the waiter a penny, so that I was quite well served, nay, better than the rest, for they gave the waiter nothing."

Murphy relates that at a dinner at Foote's at which he was present, reference having been made to an important debate towards the end of Sir Robert Walpole's administration, Dr. Francis, the translator of Demosthenes, observed that "Mr. Pitt's speech on that occasion (as reported in the Gentleman's Magazine) was the best speech he ever read." "That speech," said Johnson, "I wrote in a garret in Exeter Street." Here also he finished his poem of " London," and it is possible 1 Lord King, Life and Letters of John Locke; p. 33, etc.; Fox-Bourne, Life of Locke, vol. i. p. 199.

2 Harl. MS., 3788, fol. 100; and Anth. à

Wood's Life.

3 Strafford Papers, vol. i. pp. 177, 218; Ratebooks of St. Clement's Danes.

that his wretched lodging gave rise to his allusion to the "dungeons of the Strand," as his previous residence at Greenwich is known to have suggested the lines commencing "On Thames' banks in silent thought we stood."

Exmouth Street, CLERKENWELL, from 106 Farringdon Road to Middleton Street. Here in 1822 died Richard Earlom, the famous mezzotinto engraver. Spa Fields Chapel was on the south side of this street. The site is now occupied by the Church of the Redeemer, opened in 1888.

Eyre Arms, FINCHLEY ROAD, a well-known tavern, to which is attached a large concert room. It takes its name from the family of Eyre, whose property adjoins that of Lord Portman and of the Duke of Portland.

The grounds belonging to this house were occasionally used for balloon ascents, one of the latest being that of Mr. Hampton on June 7, 1839.

Eyre Street Hill, COLD BATH FIELDS, from Leather Lane, Holborn, to Bath Street, Cold Bath Square. Here, October 29, 1804, in his forty-second year, and in a sponging-house, after having been "eight days delirious and convulsed, and in a state of utter mental and bodily debility," died George Morland, the celebrated painter.1 The southern end of Eyre Street Hill was swept away when the new Clerkenwell Road was formed.

Fair Street, HORSELYDOWN, the bottom of Tooley Street. Thomas Guy, the founder of Guy's Hospital, was born in this street, in the north-east corner house of Pritchard's Alley, two doors east of St. John's Churchyard. The street marks the site of the once famous Horselydown Fair.

Faith's (St.) under St. Paul's, WARD OF FARRINGDON WITHOUT, a crypt consisting of four aisles immediately beneath the choir of old St. Paul's, and commonly called "St. Faith under Paul's." Dugdale calls it "that famous vault." It dates from about 1255, when the cathedral was lengthened by that extent eastwards, the old parish church of St. Faith, which stood above ground, being removed to make way for the extension. Attached to the original St. Faith's was a Jesus Chapel, which had a bell tower containing four great bells on the east side of the churchyard. This remained till the reign of Henry VIII., when "Sir Miles Partridge, Knight, having won them from the King at one cast of the dice, pulled them down." 2

At the Reformation the parish church was removed from the crypt below to a chapel in St. Paul's, called "Jesus Chapel," "a place," says Stow, "more sufficient for largeness and lightsomeness." When the Great Fire of London was at its height, the stationers about St. Paul's carried their goods to St. Faith's as a kind of fire-proof place for 2 Dugdale, p. 130.

1 Dawe's Life of Morland, 1807, p. 127.

their books and stationery; but St. Faith's, and all the property placed in it, perished with St. Paul's.1 Dr. Taswell relates that "the papers from the books in Faith's were carried with the wind as far as Eton." 2 The church of the parish is St. Augustine's, Watling Street.

Falcon Court, FLEET STREET (south side). Wynkyn de Worde, the celebrated printer, lived at the sign of "the Falcon" in Fleet Street, and here, in the house over Falcon Court, with the date 1667 upon it (No. 32 in Fleet Street, and still a bookseller's), John Murray was living when he published Byron's Childe Harold, and all the early numbers of the Quarterly Review.

Our accidental meeting in the street (March 20, 1781) after a long separation was a pleasing surprise to us both. He stepped aside with me into Falcon Court, and made kind inquiries about my family; and as we were in a hurry, going different ways, I promised to call on him next day. He said he was engaged to go out in the morning. "Early, sir?" said I. Johnson: "Why, Sir, a London morning does not go with the sun."-Croker's Boswell, p. 677.

The first edition of Gorboduc, the earliest English tragedy, strictly so called, was "imprynted at London in Flete Strete, at the signe of the Faucon, by William Griffith; and are to be sold at his shop in Saincte Dunstone's Churchyarde in the west of London. 1565."

Falcon Tavern, BANKSIDE, SOUTHWARK, the site of which was a little to the east of Blackfriars Bridge, where was once a ferry across the Thames. An old and interesting tavern, said (probably by surmise only) to have been specially frequented by Shakespeare and his fellows. There is a view of it in Wilkinson's Londina, dated 1805. The "Falcon stairs," Glass Works, Coal Wharf, and Foundry, as well as the Tavern, have become names of the past. At the Falcon Foundry the iron railings of St. Paul's Cathedral were received from the foundry in Sussex, and were put together and finished here. There is a tradition that Sir Christopher Wren occasionally viewed his numerous works from a house on this spot. W. Capon made drawings of the yard and part of the house in 1789, one of which is in the Guildhall Library.

Falconberg House, SOHO SQUARE (east side, next Sutton Street), formerly known as the White House, and now as Crosse and Blackwell's, was the residence of Mary Cromwell, the Protector's third daughter. At the back are still retained the names of Falconberg Court and Falconberg Mews, and in Sutton Street was the Falcon public-house, a corruption probably of the Falconberg Arms. Defoe mentions having seen Lady Falconberg, a "curious piece of antiquity.. but still fresh and gay." Swift saw her when she stood godmother to Will. Faukland's child christened by Swift. He describes her as extremely like her father's portraits. This was in 1710, fifty years after her father's death. Lady Falconberg died, March 14, 1713, and was buried at Chiswick. She left everything she could away from her husband's relations, and among other things Falconberg House, the 2 Dean Milman's Annals of St. Paul's, p. 370.

1 There is a view of St. Faith's, by Hollar, in Dugdale's St. Paul's.

London residence of the family.

Sutton Street takes its name from the country seat of the family, Sutton Court, Chiswick.

Fanmakers' Company, eighty-fourth in the list of City Companies, is of comparatively modern foundation, having been incorporated by letters patent of 8 Queen Anne, April 19, 1709, by the title of the Society of the Mystery of Fanmakers. It consisted then and long after of a master, two wardens, and twenty assistants, but had neither livery nor hall. A small livery was afterwards added, and in February 1879 the number of liverymen was increased from 60 to 200, a measure which led to the passing of a resolution by the Court of Aldermen, March 25, 1879, that "in the opinion of the Court it is desirable that no increase of the livery of any City Company be granted until the application shall have been referred to and recommended by a Committee of the Court." Besides the increase of its livery the Company has shown signs of increased activity by taking part in the movement for extending technical instruction, and by organising very successful exhibitions of old and modern fans, and offering in connection with them prizes for superior finished fans and designs for fan paintings.

Farm Street, BERKELEY SQUARE, named after the Hay Hill Farm, upon which this district was built. The short street now called Hay Hill is on the opposite side of the square. The Jesuit Church of the Immaculate Conception, built in 1846-1849 (J. J. Scoles, architect), is the chief building in the street which is mostly occupied by Mews. The chapel of the Blessed Sacrament was designed, 1860, by Henry Clutton, architect, and the additional buildings have since extended into Mount Street.

Farringdon Within, one of the twenty-six wards of London, was formed by the union of the wards of Newgate and Ludgate Within, the aldermanry of which was purchased of Ralph le Fevre by William le Farindone, or Farndone, goldsmith, and afterwards Sheriff of London, the united ward being thenceforth known as the "Ward of Willam de Farindone." Nicholas de Farndone, son-in-law of William (husband of his daughter Isabella), succeeded to the aldermanry, and by his will, dated June 24, 1334, he exercised his power of devise over the aldermanry.1

General Boundaries.-North, Christ's Hospital (in the hall of which the ward-motes are held), and part of Cheapside; south, the Thames; east, the New Post Office and Cheapside; west, New Bridge Street. Churches in this Ward.-St. Ewin's-infra-Newgate, taken down in the reign of Henry VIII.; St. Nicholas Shambles; St. Michael-le-Querne ; St. Anne, Blackfriars; St. Peter's-in-Cheap, none of which remain, all having been destroyed in the Great Fire and not rebuilt, or taken down at other times; St. Paul's Cathedral; St. Faith's-under-St. Paul's; St. Martin's, Ludgate; St. Augustine's, Watling Street; Christ Church, 1 Stow, p. 116; Riley, pp. 19, 22, etc. See letter by Mr. R. R. Sharpe, Athenæum, November 12, 1887, p. 641.

Newgate Street; St. Vedast's, Foster Lane.

Friaries in.-The Greyfriars'; the Blackfriars'. The Halls of the Stationers', Saddlers', Broderers', and Apothecaries' Companies are also in this ward. [See all these names.]

The

Farringdon Without, one of the twenty-six wards of London, and by far the largest-so called from being outside the City walls. original name was Fleet Ward, or the Ward of Fleet Street; afterwards (1276) it is spoken of as the "Ward of Anketin de Auvergne," its alderman. It is called Faryndone Without in a Corporation LetterBook of 4 Henry V., 1416.1 General Boundaries.-North, Holborn and Smithfield; south, the Thames, between Blackfriars Bridge and the Temple Stairs; east, New Bridge Street and the Old Bailey; west, Temple Bar, Clifford's Inn, Castle Street, and Holborn Bar. Churches in this Ward.-St. Bartholomew the Great, West Smithfield; St. Bartholomew the Less, West Smithfield; St. Sepulchre's; St. Andrew's, Holborn; St. Dunstan's-in-the-West; St. Bride's. The principal buildings in the ward are Bartholomew's Hospital, the Temple, Newgate prison, the Old Bailey Sessions House; and the Metropolitan Meat and Poultry Markets. [See all these names.] John Wilkes was elected alderman of this ward, January 2, 1769, "while yet," says Walpole, "a criminal of state and a prisoner." At the east end of Fleet Street is an obelisk to his memory. The obelisk opposite to it was erected to another popular alderman, Robert Waithman, M.P. The founders of the three rich banking houses in Fleet Street, Messrs. Child, Messrs. Hoare, and Messrs. Gosling filled at various periods the office of alderman of this ward.

Farringdon Market, between Farringdon Street and Shoe Lane, established for the sale of fruit and vegetables, on the removal of Fleet Market from the present Farringdon Street. It was designed by the City architect, Mr. W. Montagu, cost £31,186, and was opened November 20, 1826. The west side of the market was swept away in forming the approaches to the Holborn viaduct; the remainder looks neglected, dirty, and dilapidated.

As winter draws near the Farringdon cress market begins long before daylight.— Mayhew's London Labour and London Poor, p. 149.

It was

Farringdon Road, the extension northwards of Farringdon Street, was formed under Acts obtained in 1840, 1842, and 1848. The ground was cleared in 1856, and the construction was thenceforward steadily proceeded with. It was at first called Victoria Road. carried between Clerkenwell Sessions House and Clerkenwell Workhouse, and past Cold Bath Fields Prison to Bagnigge Wells, where, by an awkward junction, it unites with King's Cross Road. Large piles of offices have replaced the old houses. Corporation Buildings for 168 families were built 1864-1865 by J. B. Bunning, and continued by Sir Horace Jones, architect to the Corporation of the City. The west side

1 Riley, vol. viii. p. 641.

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