heirs; and that the arms of the said Lord Robert should be set up in some convenient place of their Hall, as a continual monument of his favour towards them.-Herbert's Inns of Court, p. 203.

Sir Edward Coke was appointed reader of Lyon's Inn about 1578, and continued so for three years. Selden refused the offer of the Readership three times, and was punished for his contumacy by a fine of £20, and declared disabled from being bencher of the Inner Temple.

Notwithstanding it is so agreeable a thing to read Law Lectures to the Students of Lyon's Inn, especially to the Reader himself, I must beg leave to waive it. Danby Pickering must be the happy man; and I heartily wish him joy of his deputyship. Cowper to Joseph Hill, November 8, 1765.

William Weare, murdered by John Thurtell, at Gill's Hill, near Elstree, in Hertfordshire, lived at No. 2 in this inn.

They cut his throat from ear to ear,

His brains they battered in ;

His name was Mr. William Weare,

He dwelt in Lyon's Inn.

Contemporary Ballad, attributed to Theodore Hook.

Thurtell was executed on January 9, 1824.

Lyon Key, LOWER THAMES STREET. [See Lion Key.]

Maccaroni Club, a kind of rival dilettanti club of dandies, instituted in 1764, and "composed," Walpole writes to Lord Hertford, February 6, 1764, "of all the travelled young men who wear long curls and spying glasses." It was founded in opposition, as was said, to the Beef-Steak Club.

December 16, 1764.-Then for the mornings there are levées and drawing-rooms without end, Not to mention the Maccaroni Club which has quite absorbed Arthur's; for you know old fools will hobble after young ones.-Walpole to Montagu, vol. iv. P. 302.

February 14, 1774.-It is an insipid age. Even the Maccaronis degenerate : they have lost all their money and credit, and ruin nobody but their tailors.-Walpole to Mason, vol. vi. p. 61.1

In 1771 the club made a present of 600 guineas to the famous dancer, Mademoiselle Heinch.

Macclesfield Street, from GERARD STREET to COMPTON STREET, SOHO, was so called after Charles Gerard, first Baron Gerard of Brandon, and first Earl of Macclesfield (d. 1694). [See Gerard Street.]

Macklin Street, DRURY LANE. Charles Street was so renamed in 1878.

Mackworth Inn, now BARNARD'S INN, HOLBORN.

Holborne-messuag' ibm vocat' Macworthe Inne, jam vulgariter vocat', Barnardes Inne."-Calendarium Inquis. Post Mort., 32 Henry VI., vol. iv. p. 260.

1 See also Jesse's Selwyn, vol. i. pp. 323, 326.

Maddox Street, from REGENT STREET to NEW BOND STREET, built 1721, and so called after Sir Benjamin Maddox, Bart., of Wormley in Herts, to whom the site belonged, and by whom it was demised in 1670 to James Kenrick, Esq. From Kenrick it passed to Richard Boyle, Earl of Burlington (d. 1697), by whose grandson it was laid out in building plots, in pursuance of an Act passed in the 4th of George I., 1717-1718.

Magdalen Hospital, for the reformation and relief of penitent prostitutes, was instituted in 1758, chiefly by the exertions of Mr. Dingley, Sir John Fielding, Mr. Saunders Welch, and Jonas Hanway. The first house of the society was in Prescot Street, Goodman's Fields. Horace Walpole went there with a party, made up for the purpose, from Northumberland House, January 27, 1760.

"Prince Edward, Col. Brudenel, his groom, Lady Northumberland, Lady Mary Coke, Lady Carlisle, Miss Pelham, Lady Hertford, Lord Beauchamp, Lord Huntingdon, Mr. Bowman and I. . . . The Magdalens sung a hymn in parts, you cannot imagine how well" . . . Dr. Dodd, the unfortunate, preached "entirely in the French style, and very eloquently and touchingly." He concluded by addressing "himself to his Royal Highness, whom he called Most Illustrious Prince, beseeching his protection, and I got the most illustrious to desire it might be printed."—Walpole to George Montagu, vol. iii. p. 282.

This site was found to be inconvenient, and in 1772 another was obtained in St. George's Fields (the south end of the Blackfriars Road), where a spacious building was erected. This was thought to be in the country, but within a century Blackfriars Road became even worse than Prescot Street, for a theatre overlooked the gardens, and its noises and those from the midnight taverns were plainly audible in the wards of the asylum. It was resolved in 1863 to erect new buildings at Streatham, where eight distinct wards, a chapel, and a spacious infirmary with other requisite offices were built in 1868. In 1887 the total income, apart from the women's earnings, amounted to £3700, the number of inmates being 91. The St. George's site was purchased by the trustees of the Peabody Fund, who have erected several blocks of artisans' dwellings, arranged in ample quadrangles. The Streatham buildings have accommodation for about 190 inmates.

Magnus the Martyr (St.), LONDON BRIDGE, a church in Bridge Ward Within, at the bottom of Fish Street Hill.

On the east side of this Bridge Ward have ye the fair parish church of St. Magnus; in the which church have been buried many men of good worship, whose monuments are now for the most part utterly defaced.—Stow, p. 80.

The most conspicuous among these was "Henry Yeuele, freemason to Edward III., Richard II., and Henry IV." He was one of the architects of Westminster Hall, and sculptor of the fine tomb of the Queen of Richard II. in Westminster Abbey. He died in 1400, and directed in his will that he should be buried in the tomb which he had

1 Rate-books of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields.

constructed in the chapel of St. Mary within the church of St. Magnus. The church was destroyed in the Great Fire, and rebuilt by Sir C. Wren in 1676; the tower and spire were added in 1705. The interior, which is 90 feet long, 59 wide, and 41 high, is divided into nave and aisles by Ionic columns. The exterior, of stone, is very pleasing, the cupola and lantern are much admired. The organ, by Jordan, was the first instrument in which "the Venetian swell" was introduced, in place of the old Echo organ.1 The footway under the steeple was made after the fire of 1759 to widen the road to old London Bridge. Some difficulty was expected at the time, but Wren had foreseen the probability of a change, and nothing more was required than to open up his recesses and groined arches. On the south side of the communion table is a tablet to the memory of Miles Coverdale, rector of St. Magnus, and Bishop of Exeter, under whose direction, October 4, 1535, "the first complete printed English version of the Bible was published." When the church of St. Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange was taken down his remains were reverently taken care of and here interred. St. Magnus serves also for the parish of St. Margaret's, New Fish Street, and the right of presentation belongs to the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of London alternately.

I have also heard what a round sum was offered by strangers for the AltarCloath of St. Magnus in London.-Peacham's Compleat Gentleman, 4to, 1661, p. 311.

Maiden Lane, BANKSIDE, is described by Dodsley, 1761, as "extending from Deadman's Place to Gravel Lane; a long straggling place with ditches on each side; the passages to the houses being over little bridges." The name was originally Maid Lane. It is now represented by New Park Street, and the portion of Great Guildford Street, between Gravel Lane and Sumner Street. The Globe Theatre stood in this lane, and here in Strype's time (1720) was "Globe Alley, long and narrow, and but meanly built." 2

Maiden Lane, BATTLE BRIDGE, was the ancient way from Gray's Inn to Highgate. The length of the lane, from Battle Bridge to Highgate, was very nearly 3 miles (2 miles, 7 furlongs, 12 poles), and it was the boundary road all the way between the extensive parishes of Islington and St. Pancras. In old records and early references it is mentioned as Made, Maid, Madan, and Maiden Lane; Norden calls it Longwich Lane, which appears to be a corruption of Longhedge Lane, a name by which it is frequently spoken of. Thirty years ago it was ⚫ still (at least beyond Belle Isle) a narrow country lane, and in the northern part extremely picturesque. Since then it has been widened. and paved; the trees have been felled; the hedgerows have disappeared, and the sides have been lined with flimsy houses, for the most part abject and ugly; and the name has been altered from end to end. From King's Cross to Camden Road it is now called York Road; from 1 The opening is described in the Spectator of February 8, 1712. 2 Strype, B. iv. p. 28.

Camden Road to Junction Road, Kentish Town, Brecknock Road; and thence to Highgate Hill, Dartmouth Hill Road. The terminus of the Great Northern Railway extends from King's Cross along the west side for about three-quarters of a mile. On the east side, towards Camden Road, is the City cattle market.

Maiden Lane, COVENT GARDEN, from Southampton Street to Bedford Street, called, in the early rate-books of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, "Maiden Lane, behind the Bull Inn." Here is still "Bull Inn Court."

Eminent Inhabitants.-Archbishop Sancroft, both when Dean of York and Dean of St. Paul's, the clerical scandal of the day affirming that he was more than "decently intimate with one Mrs. Bembo in Maiden Lane." 1 Andrew Marvell, who dates one of his letters to his constituents in Hull from his lodgings in Maiden Lane, April 21, 1677.2 Other letters are dated from Covent Garden. He was lodging in this lane "on a second floor in a court in the Strand," when Lord Danby, ascending his stairs with a message and bribe from the King, found him too proud and honest to accept his offer. It is said he was dining off the pickings of a mutton bone, and that as soon as the Lord Treasurer was gone he was obliged to send to a friend to borrow a guinea. Voltaire, in lodgings "at the White Peruque," as he heads a letter to Swift (December 14, 1727), begging his interest to secure subscribers to The Henriade. Whilst here he wrote (in English) his essay on the "Civil Wars of France.” 3 Bonnell Thornton was the son

of an apothecary in this lane.

A tavern in Maiden-Lane was the meeting-place of the conspirators against the life of William III. in 1696.

While these things were passing at Kensington, a large party of the assassins were revelling at a Jacobite tavern in Maiden Lane. Here they received their final orders for the morrow. -Macaulay, History of England, chap. xxi.

The famous vellum bound copy of Junius was ordered to "be well parcelled up, and left at the bar of Munday's Coffee House, Maiden Lane, with orders to be delivered to a chairman who will call for them in the course of to-morrow evening."4

A tavern, No. 20, called the Cider Cellars, was a favourite haunt of Professor Porson, who furnished the motto which was placed over the entrance-Honos erit huic quoque homo. Lord Campbell in his early days was a member of the club, and used to meet there Dr. Matthew Raine, the master of the Charter-house, and other noted personages. The tavern continued to be frequented by young men, and "much in vogue for devilled kidneys, oysters, and Welch rabbits, cigars, 'goes' of brandy, and great supplies of London stout," till it

1 Every vestige of the house has long disappeared. Dugdale, in 1663, addresses a letter to his "much honoured friend, Dr. Sancroft, Dean of York, at Mr. Clarke's house in Mayden Lane, neere Covent Garden."

2 Marvell's Works, 4to ed., vol. i. p. 326.

3 Scott's Swift, vol. xvii. p. 167.

4 Junius to Woodfall, March 3, 1702.

was absorbed in the extensions of the Adelphi Theatre. Singing was cultivated the comic vein prevailing.

I have heard Professor Porson at the Cider Cellar in Maiden Lane recite from memory to delighted listeners the whole of Anstey's Pleaders' Guide. He concluded by relating that when buying a copy of it and complaining that the price was very high, the bookseller said, "Yes, sir, but you know Law books are always very dear."-Lord Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices, vol. iii. p. 271.

Proctor, the sculptor, died in very reduced circumstances in a house in Maiden Lane opposite the Cider Cellars. Close against this, at No. 26, the north corner of Hand Court, was born, April 23, 1775, Joseph Mallord William Turner, greatest of English landscape painters. His father was a barber, and Turner lived with his father in this house till the year 1800, when he was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy. The shop, or part of it, lasted till 1861, when all that remained of it was pulled down. In this lane, at the Hand and Pen, was established the first shop in London for the sale of Daffy's Elixir.

Daffy's famous Elixir Salutis by Catherine Daffy, daughter of Mr. Thomas Daffy, late rector of Redmile, in the valley of Belvoir, who imparted it to his kinsman, Mr. Anthony Daffy, who published the same to the great benefit of the community, and to his own great advantage. The original receipt is now in my possession, left to me by my father. To be had at the Hand and Pen, Maiden

Lane, Covent Garden.-Post Boy, January 1, 1707-1708.

Here, No. 1, is Corpus Christi Roman Catholic Chapel, built on the site of the laboratory of Godfrey and Cooke the chemists, where Godfrey, the founder of the house, made experiments with phosphorus for the Hon. Robert Boyle. No. 21 is a Jewish synagogue; and No. 18 is the stage entrance to the Adelphi Theatre.

Maiden Lane, GARLICKHITHE, running from College Hill to Garlick Hill, and crossing Queen Street. At the south-west end is the church of St. James Garlickhithe.

Maiden Lane, WOOD STREET. Since 1845 it has been called Gresham Street West.

On the north side of St. Michael's Church [St. Michael's, Wood Street] is Mayden Lane now so called, but of old time Ingene or Ing Lane.-Stow, p. 112.

At the north-west corner, over against Goldsmiths' Hall, stood the parish church of St. John Zachary, which since the dreadful Fire is not rebuilt, but the parish united unto St. Ann's Aldersgate; and the ground on which it stood inclosed with a wall, serving as a burial-ground for the parish.—Strype, B. iii. p. 120.

Mall (The) KENSINGTON, runs south of the high road Kensington Gravel Pits to Kensington Palace Gardens. On the east side was the residence of Sir Augustus Wall Calcott, R.A., and of his father, Dr. Calcott, the celebrated musical composer. The house was pulled down in 1871.

Mall (The), in ST. JAMES'S PARK, a gravel walk on the north side of the park extending from Constitution Hill to Spring Gardens. The first Mall, originally a part of St. James's Park, was the street now