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Lady Nelson, at their lodgings in Arlington Street, and a cheerful conversation was passing on indifferent subjects, when Lord Nelson spoke of something which had been done or said by "dear Lady Hamilton," upon which Lady Nelson rose from her chair, and exclaimed with much vehemence, "I am sick of hearing of dear Lady Hamilton, and am resolved that you shall give up either her or me." Lord Nelson with perfect calmness said, "Take care, Fanny, what you say; I love you sincerely; but I cannot forget my obligations to Lady Hamilton, or speak of her otherwise than with affection and admiration." Without one soothing word or gesture, but muttering something about her mind being made up, Lady Nelson left the room, and shortly after drove from the house. They never lived together afterwards.-Mr. Haslewood (Lord Nelson's executor) to Sir Harris Nicolas (Despatches, vol. vii. p. 392).

The Duke of York, who died (1827) in the house of the Duke of Rutland (No. 16) in this street. The house was afterwards occupied by the Viscount Dudley. No. 21 was the residence of Lord Sefton, renowned for his dinners, dressed by Ude. It was afterwards long occupied by M. Van der Weyer, the distinguished Belgian minister and accomplished scholar. No. 22 was long the residence of the Marquis Camden. It was afterwards the residence of the Duke of Beaufort, who had the house decorated in fresco work by Mr. E. Latilla, 1839-1840, the drawing-room by Mr. Owen Jones. It was purchased by the Duke of Hamilton in December 1852 for £60,000. Hamilton house, as it was then called, covers nearly half an acre, and has a frontage to the Green Park corresponding to that in Arlington Street. It was sold by auction in December 1867, and is now occupied by Sir Ivor Bertie Guest, Bart.

4 Armourers' and Brasiers' Hall, 81 COLEMAN STREET, CITY, the corner of London Wall, was erected 1840 from the designs of Mr. J. H. Good jun., architect, on the site of the old Hall of the Armourers; a Company incorporated by Henry VI., in 1453, by the name and designation of "The Brothers and Sisters of the Fraternity or Guild of St. George of the Mistery of the Armourers of the City of London." The Company, however, is believed to have been founded before the beginning of the 14th century, for records are in existence showing that at that time (1307-1327) the Company had vested in it the right of search of armour and weapons. About the year 1515 the craft of Blacksmiths was incorporated with the Company of Armourers. The Company of Brasiers, which is believed to have been originally incorporated by Edward IV. about 1479, was joined with the Armourers in 1708. In the Hall is Northcote's well-known picture of The Entry into London of Richard II. and Bolingbroke. The old plate of the Armourers is hardly to be surpassed by that of any of the great Companies of London. Observe―a maser inscribed "Edward Frere gave the Maser," etc. (1579); silver gilt cup inscribed "Pra fir John Richmond;" six pounced wine cups, the gift, in 1633, of Gawen Helme; 72 very large table spoons; the Dixon Cup of 1598, and the Mexfield Cup of 1608. In the Horse Armoury at the Tower is a noble suit of armour, richly gilt, made and presented, it is said, by the Company to Charles I. when Prince of Wales. The records of the Company are silent on the subject.

Army and Navy Club, PALL MALL, corner of George Street, St. James's Square. Built 1848-1851, from the designs of Messrs. Parnell and Smith, and opened to the members in February 1851. The façade is closely modelled on that of Sansovino's Palazzo Cornaro on the Grand Canal at Venice. The club consists of 2550 members. Entrance fee £40; annual subscription, by old members, 7 guineas, but members elected after June 1878 pay 10 guineas.

Art Union of London, Office, No. 112 STRAND. Established 1836, and incorporated by 9 & 10 Vict. c. 48, "to aid in extending the Love of the Arts of Design within the United Kingdom, and to give encouragement to Artists beyond that afforded by the patronage of individuals." Each subscription of a guinea entitles the subscriber to an engraving and one chance for prizes varying from £10 to £200. The subscription is annual, and the prizes are drawn every April, previous to the opening of the London Exhibitions, from whence the works of art are required to be selected.

Arthur's Club House, 69 and 70 ST. JAMES'S STREET, derives its name from a Mr. Arthur, the proprietor of White's Chocolate House in the same street. Arthur died in June 1761, in St. James's Place ; and in the following October Mr. Mackreth, who had been, it is said, billiard marker and was now head waiter, married Arthur's only child, and Arthur's Chocolate House, as it was then called, became the property of this Mr. Mackreth, who purchased the Cobham and East Horsley estates, was knighted, and acquired considerable notoriety in Surrey as Sir Robert Mackreth.

Everything goes on as it did-luxury increases-all public places are full, and Arthur's is the resort of old and young; courtiers and anti-courtiers; nay, even of ministers; and at this time !-Lady Hervey's Letters, June 15, 1756.

The present building was designed by Mr. Thomas Hopper, 18251827. [See Almack's, White's.]

Arthur's Show, an exhibition of Archery held at Mile End Green by a toxophilite Society of London citizens, who styled themselves, or were styled, "The famous order of Knights of Prince Arthur," according to an account of the Society published in 1583 by Richard Robinson; but who, according to a tract by Richard Mulcaster, master of St. Paul's school, published in 1581, were called "The Friendly and Frank Fellowship of Prince Arthur's Knights in and about the City of London." The associates, fifty-eight in number, assumed the arms and the names of the Knights of the Round Table. It was one of Justice Shallow's boasts that he had been of the fellowship: "I remember at Mile End Green (when I lay at Clement's Inn) I was Sir Dagonet in Arthur's Show." Henry VIII. visited and patronised the show, and gave an allowance or charter to the fraternity.1

Artillery Ground, Bishopsgate. [See next article.]

VOL. I

1 Nares, vol. i. p. 136; Douce, Illustrations, vol. i. p. 461.

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about 700; in 1720 about 600; and in 1844 about 250. Prince Albert became their Colonel, and an attempt was made to restrengthen the force. The volunteer movement came in aid of the effort. The Company has been to a great extent reorganised, and is now in a flourishing condition. The present colonel is H.R.H. The Prince of Wales. The Royal London Militia has also been reorganised and is prosperous.

Having outgrown the capacity of the original Artillery Gardens, the members moved in 1641 from Bishopsgate to Finsbury, where they now are. The inhabitants of the neighbourhood strongly objected to this removal. In their petition, May 19, 1641, they state that— The military gentlemen of London are making suit to have their fields for their military garden, and intend to build a high brick wall about it, to the great inconvenience of those who dwell in the neighbourhood of the Archer, who go out this way to recreate themselves; to the danger of riders whose horses will be frightened by the guns; of travellers who will have no opportunity of escaping thieves, or sextons conveying the plague-stricken to the pest house, besides the disturbance of the sick and damage to house property. They accordingly pray that the military may be restrained from building the wall and the rights of petitioners be preserved. -Fourth Report of Historical MSS. Comm., pp. 64, 71.

The ground is described as "the third great field from Moorgate, next the six windmills. [See Windmill Street.] It is a large piece of ground, containing about ten acres, enclosed with a high brick wall. . . . And, moreover, for their better ease and conveniency, they erected a strong and well-furnished Armoury in the said ground, in which were arms of several sorts, and of such extraordinary beauty, fashion, and goodness for service, as were hardly to be matched elsewhere." 1

Within Strype's memory (1670-1720) they were occasionally in the habit of resorting to their old locality.

Well, I say, thrive, thrive, brave Artillery Yard,

that hast not spar'd

Powder or paper to bring up the youth

Of London in the military truth,

as all may swear that look

But on thy practice and the posture-book.

Ben Jonson, Underwoods Ixii.

A new armoury, barracks, and drill-room, castellated in style and of much architectural pretension, was erected on the City Road side of the ground in 1857-1862, from the designs of Mr. Jennings, the old armoury being at the same time remodelled. The buildings are probably the largest and showiest possessed by any volunteer corps. The buildings facing the City Road are the headquarters of the Royal London Militia.

Besides their walled exercise ground in Bunhill Fields, the Artillery Company had prescriptive right of marching way through Finsbury Fields to Islington Common [see Finsbury Fields], and of keeping open certain fields for the exercise of the "Archers' Division" of the

1 Strype's Stow, B. iii. p. 70; B. v. p. 457.

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Company.

As late as 1786 and 1792 the Company enforced its right by marching to Finsbury Fields and thence to Islington Common to view their marks and rovers, their pioneers by their orders removing all obstructions and breaking down and levelling fences, etc., where there had been encroachments.1

The musters and marchings of the City Trained Bands are admirably ridiculed by Fletcher, in The Knight of the Burning Pestle; and the manner in which the Company were in the habit of issuing out their orders, by Steele, in No. 41 of The Tatler. From Ben Jonson (Every Man in his Humour, 1st. ed. Act. iii. Sc. 2) to Foote (Mayor of Garrat) and Sheridan (The Critic) our dramatists found a ready resource for their art in the deeds and prowess of Train-band officers and men: but the volunteer feeling has turned their shafts from citizen soldiers. John Gilpin, as all will remember, was a Train-band Captain.

A Train-band Captain eke was he

Of famous London town.

Lunardi, September 15, 1784, made his first balloon voyage from

these grounds. There is a view of the ascent in the European

Magazine for 1784.

Artillery Hall, HORSELYDOWN.

In 1636 Captain Grove and

others took a piece of ground called Martial Yard, and sought a licence for the purpose of building an armoury. In 1665 a lease of the ground was given for the purpose of forming a burial ground, but the ground where the artillery house stood was reserved for musters and military exercise. In 1680 and subsequent years the Artillery Hall was used as a polling place at the elections for Southwark. In 1725 the hall was converted into a workhouse for the parish.2

Artillery Place, CITY ROAD, on the east side of the Artillery Ground. Here died, June 9, 1825, Dr. Abraham Rees, to whom we owe the Cyclopædia which bears his name. He was buried in Bunhill Fields Burial Ground.

Artillery Place (Artillery Row), WESTMINSTER.

Upon the spot now occupied by Artillery Place the men of Westminster used to practise at the butts," which were provided by the parish in obedience to an ordinance of Queen Elizabeth. In the beginning of the last century it is described as a large enclosure "made use of by those who delight in military exercises."Walcott's Memorials of Westminster, 1851, p. 324.

Colonel Berkstead to view the artillery ground in Tothill Fields, and see what part of the prisoners of Worcester may be kept there, and what change will be necessary for fitting it.-September 9, 1657, Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1651, p. 417.

Artillery Walk, now BUNHILL Row, leading to BUNHILL Fields. In this walk, the west side of the present Bunhill Row, "opposite the

1 Highmore, History of the Artillery Company, pp. 398, 410.

2 Corner's Horselydown, pp. 22, 23.

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Artillery Wall," Milton finished his Paradise Lost, and here, November 8, 1674, he died.

He stay'd not long (in Jewin Street) after his new marriage, ere he removed (1663) to a house in the Artillery Walk, leading to Bunhill Fields. And this was his last stage in this world, but it was of many years' continuance, more perhaps than he had had in any other place besides.—Philips's Life of Milton, ed. 1694.

Milton's was a small house, with a garden back and front; long since swept away. Milton's widow occupied the house six or seven years longer, when she removed to Nantwich, where she died about September 1727, having survived the poet more than half a century. Arts (Royal Academy of). [See Royal Academy.]

Arts (Society of), JOHN STREET, ADELPHI, owes its origin to the persevering exertions of Mr. William Shipley, a drawing master of Northampton, and brother of Jonathan Shipley, Bishop of St. Asaph, and to the public spirit of its first President, Jacob, Lord Viscount Folkestone. It was established at a meeting held at Rawthmell's coffeehouse, in Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, March 22, 1754, and its full designation given-"The Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce."

In a word, the Society is so numerous, the contributions so considerable, the plan so judiciously laid, and executed with such discretion and spirit as to promise much more effectual and extensive advantage to the public than ever accrued from all the boasted academies of Christendom.-Smollett's History of England.

It was proposed, among other things, that rewards should be given for the discovery of cobalt and the cultivation of madder in Great Britain; and that the Society "should bestow premiums on a certain number of boys or girls under the age of sixteen, who shall produce the best pieces of drawing, and show themselves most capable when properly examined." One of the first prizes of this Society (15) was adjudged to Richard Cosway, then a boy under twelve years of age, and afterwards eminent in painting. Premiums were subsequently given to John Bacon, Joseph Nollekens, William Woollett, George Romney, John Flaxman, J. M. W. Turner, Edwin Landseer, Mulready, Millais, and many other artists who afterwards became famous. The first meetings were held over a circulating library in Crane Court, Fleet Street, from whence the Society removed to Craig's Court, Charing Cross, and from Craig's Court to the Strand, opposite the New Exchange (now Coutts's Bank). In 1759 apartments in a house opposite Beaufort Buildings were taken for the use of the Society. The Society last removed in 1774, to its present house, built for the Society by the brothers Adam, and of which the first stone was laid March 28, 1772. The Society was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1847. Six pictures in the Great Room, by James Barry, R.A., painted between the years 1777 and 1783. The subjects are (beginning on your left as you enter) :—

1. Orpheus. Represents a savage people living in a wild and desert country, while Orpheus is explaining to them the advantages of culture. 2. A Grecian