A farm is divided into four fields A, B, C, and D, as shown

in the diagram.

I 20 m

1. Find the area of A; of B; of C; of D.

of each field at P80 per hektar.

4. What will be the total cost of building a fence around this farm and between the fields at P.12 a meter?

5. What is the width of a rectangular field 250 m long that contains 4 hektars?

6. One side of a field is 262 m long. The side parallel to it is 218 m long. The perpendicular distance between the parallel What is the value of the field at P 145 a hektar?

sides is 95 m.

7. Find the cost of painting the four walls and ceiling of a room 6 m long, 5 m wide, and 4 m high at P.25 a sq. m, deducting 8 sq. m for windows and doors.

8. At P.15 a sq. m, find the cost of the cloth necessary to cover the walls and ceiling of a room 7 m long, 5 m wide, and 42 m high, deducting 6 sq. m for windows and doors.

9. Mr. Javato has a cacao plantation of 12 Ha, whose length is 3 times its width. What are its dimensions? The trees are set 4 m apart each way, each tree yields 1.25 Kg, and the cacao is worth P.96 a Kg. What is the value of the entire crop?

10. How many tiles, each 20 cm square, will it take to lay a floor 6.4 m long and 5.8 m wide? What will they cost at P7.00 a hundred?

11. The area of a triangle is 880 sq. m. what is the altitude?

If the base is 40 m,

12. Make a sketch of a box 25 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 10 cm deep. How many square centimeters of surface has it?

13. How many square meters are there in the walls and ceiling of a room 5 meters square and 41 meters high?

14. A walk 72.9 m long is to be built. How many tiles 27 cm square will it take to lay 1 row the full length of the walk? How many rows will there be if the walk is 1.35 m wide? How many tiles are necessary for the walk, and what will they cost at P 60 a thousand?

Draw the following figures to scale and find their areas:

146 m

16. A right-angled triangle, base 41 cm, altitude 3 cm.

17. A triangle having 2 equal sides (isosceles triangle), base 5 cm, altitude 6 cm.

18. A trapezoid, parallel sides 3 cm and 6 cm, distance be tween them 21 cm.

19. A parallelogram, base 51 cm, altitude 31 cm.

20. A rectangle, base 41 cm, altitude 34 cm.

21. A square whose sides are 4.2 cm.

22. A cube whose edges are 41 cm.

Sawali is generally woven in pieces 10, 15, or 20 meters long, and 1, 11⁄2, 2, 21⁄2, etc., up to 5 meters wide, with an extra 5 cm for lapping.

In practice only the approximate cost of sawali work can be computed, as there is always a waste in cutting for doors and windows. Sawali should be purchased in widths to fit as nearly as possible the space it is to cover.

1. At P.02 a square meter, what will it cost to weave a piece of sawali 15 m long and 3 m wide?

2. At P.21 a square meter, what will the sawali cost for a partition 8 m long and 3 m high, if 4 sq. m are allowed for cutting out two doors?

3. At P.20 per sq. m, find the cost of the sawali necessary for the four walls and the ceiling of a house 9 m long, 41 m wide, and 3 m high, allowing 1 sq. m at each of 7 openings.

4. I wish to build a three-room house 13 m long, 41 m wide, and 34 m from floor to ceiling, with double outside walls, and with two single partitions running crosswise of the house. Making no allowance for openings, what will the sawali for the walls, ceiling, and partitions cost at P.20 per sq. m ?

The unit of measure for roofing is the square meter.

They are

Nipas are made in lengths varying from 60 cm to 80 cm. usually laid in rows, with edges from 4 to 10 cm apart, and with ends lapping about 10 cm.

Thus, if nipas averaging 60 cm are laid in rows 10 cm apart, with a lap of 10 cm at the ends, 10 rows of 2 nipas each, or 20 nipas, will cover 1 sq. m. If the same nipas are laid in rows 5 cm apart, 20 rows of 2 nipas each, or 40 nipas, will cover 1 sq. m.

1. Allowing 50 nipas to the square meter, how many nipas will it take to cover a shed roof 11 m long and 41 m wide? What will the nipas cost at P4.40 a thousand?

2. At P3.30 a thousand find the cost of the nipa necessary for the four walls of a house 81 m long, 51 m wide, and 21 m high. (Deduct 10 sq. m for openings and allow 30 nipas to the square meter.)

3. A hip roof is composed of four triangles. The base of each triangle is 4 m and its altitude is 21 m. At P3.20 a thousand find the cost of the nipa for the entire roof, allowing 60 nipas to the square meter.

4. Find the cost of the nipa necessary to lay a shed roof 18.5 m long and 10.5 m wide, 40 nipas to the square meter, if the nipas cost P3 per thousand.

5. Each of the two sides of a hip roof is in the form of a trapezoid whose altitude is 5 m and whose parallel sides are 16 m and 8 m respectively. Each of the two ends is in the form of a triangle whose base is 8 m and whose altitude is 5 m. Allowing 60 nipas to the square meter, what will the nipa for the entire roof cost at P 2.75 a thousand?

Give ten or more supplementary problems similar to those above, using the local price of nipa.

Corrugated iron sheets are commonly 81 cm wide. They are usually laid with a lap of 2 corrugations (11 cm) along the sides and 20 cm at the ends. The lengths of the pieces are: 1.83 m, 2.13 m, 2.44 m, 2.74 m, and 3.05 m. The net areas covered by the pieces with laps as given above are: 1.15 sq. m, 1.35 sq. m, 1.57 sq. m, 1.78 sq. m, and 2 sq. m.

Where one length only is used, the approximate number of pieces necessary to cover a surface may be found by dividing the area of the surface by the net area of one piece. From one to four pieces extra are often allowed for waste in cutting. Such lengths should be chosen as will cover the width of the roof with as little waste as possible. A fraction of a sheet should be counted as one sheet.

Net area means the area of a sheet less the area of the lap along the sides and at the ends.

1. Allowing 1.6 sq. m as the net area covered by each sheet, how many sheets of 2.44-m roofing will it take to cover a roof 7.4 m long and 4.7 m wide?

2. Allowing 1.3 sq. m net area to the sheet, how many 2.13-m sheets will it take to cover a roof 9.5 m long and 5.7 m wide?

3. If each sheet in No. 2 weighs 8.3 Kg, find the total cost of the roofing at P22 per quintal.

4. Estimating 8 Kg to the square meter, how many kilos of iron roofing are there in a roof 14 m wide and 14.5 m long?

3.5 m

4.5 m

5. If each piece in No. 4 weighs 12.5 Kg, how many pieces are there?

6. A roof, shaped like a trapezoid, is 6.3 m long at the eaves, 3.5 m long at the ridge, and 4.5 m wide. If each 2.44-m 6.3 m sheet covers 1.58 sq. m, net, how many sheets will cover the roof, allowing 3 sheets for waste?