The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences: Founded Upon Their History, Τόμος 1

William Whewell

J. W. Parker, 1847 - 1387 σελίδες

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BOOK I	1

Art	6

Contractility Organic Sensibility and Contractility not separable	7

OF THE GENERAL DIFFUSION OF CLEAR MECHANICAL	8

Brown	9

Contractility a peculiar Power Cuviers view	11

Elementary contractile Action	12

Strength of Muscular Fibre	13

BOOK VII	439

APPLICATION OF THE IDEA OF SYMMETRY TO CRYSTALS	447

Integrant Molecules	454

BOOK VIII	466

THE METHODS OF NATURAL HISTORY AS REGULATED	479

The Plan of the System	486

Gradation of Groups	504

Diagnosis	510

Sensations become Perceptions	14

By means of Ideas	15

OF THE FUNDAMENTAL ANTITHESIS OF PHILOSOPHY	16

Volition comes between Perception and Action	17

Transition to Psychology	18

A center is introduced	19

The central consciousness may be obscure	20

Reflex Muscular Action	21

Instinct	22

Difficulty of conceiving Instinct	23

Instinct opposed to Insight	24

OF TECHNICAL TERMS	51

OF EXPERIENCE	62

OF THE GROUNDS OF NECESSARY TRUTHS	66

CHAP VI	69

THE FUNDAMENTAL IDEAS ARE NOT DERIVED FROM	74

BOOK II	82

OF SOME PECULIARITIES OF THE IDEA OF SPACE	88

OF THE DEFINITIONS AND AXIOMS WHICH RELATE	91

7	98

PAGE	102

Can Axioms become truisms?	111

OF SOME PECULIARITIES IN THE IDEA OF TIME	128

OF THE PERCEPTION OF TIME AND NUMBER	135

OF MATHEMATICAL REASONING	141

THE DOCTRINE OF MOTION	150

BOOK III	164

CHAP VII	167

MODERN OPINIONS RESPECTING THE IDEA OF CAUSE 701	170

OF THE AXIOMS WHICH RELATE TO THE IDEA OF CAUSE	177

OF THE ORIGIN OF OUR CONCEPTIONS OF FORCE	185

OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PRINCIPLES	192

OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PRINCIPLES	215

OF THE PARADOX OF UNIVERSAL PROPOSITIONS	245

OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE LAW OF UNIVERSAL	254

Schelling	267

Secondary Mechanical Sciences	274

Prerogatives of Sight	286

SUCCESSIVE ATTEMPTS AT THE SCIENTIFIC APPLICA	307

OF THE MEASURE OF SECONDARY QUALITIES	319

Scales of Colour	326

Scales of Light	333

BOOK V	345

OF THE CONNEXION OF POLARITIES	357

BOOK VI	376

ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEA	388

OF THE IDEA OF SUBSTANCE	404

THE ATOMIC THEORY	421

APPLICATION OF THE IDEA OF SUBSTANCE IN CHE	425

OF THE IDEA OF NATURAL AFFINITY	535

BOOK IX	543

ATTEMPTS TO ANALYSE THE IDEA OF LIFE	571

ATTEMPTS TO FORM IDEAS OF SEPARATE VITAL	580

Attempts to conceive the Forces of Assimilation	588

ATTEMPTS TO FORM IDEAS OF SEPARATE VITAL FORCES	597

OF THE IDEA OF FINAL CAUSES	618

Organization Parts are Ends and Means 2 Not merely mutually dependent	619

Not merely mutually Cause and Effect 4 Notion of End not derived from Facts	620

This notion has regulated Physiology 6 Notion of Design comes from within	621

8	623

This included in the Notion of Disease 12 It belongs to Organized Creatures only 13 The term Final Cause	628

Law and Design 15 Final Causes and Morphology 16 Expressions of physiological Ends 17 The Conditions of Existence	632

BOOK X	637

OF THE THREE MEMBERS OF A PALETIOLOGICAL SCIENCE	642

The Study of Causes	643

Etiology	644

Phenomenology requires Classification Phenomenal Geology	645

Phenomenal Uranology 6 Phenomenal Geography of Plants and Animals	648

Phenomenal Glossology	649

The Study of Phenomena leads to Theory	651

No sound Theory without Etiology	652

Causes in Palætiology 11 Various kinds of Cause	655

In Geology	658

15 In Languages	661

Construction of Theories	663

OF THE DOCTRINE OF CATASTROPHES AND THE DOC TRINE OF UNIFORMITY	665

Is Uniformity probable a priori? 4 Cycle of Uniformity indefinite	670

Uniformitarian Arguments are Negative only	671

Uniformity in the Organic World	674

Origin of the present Organic World	675

Nebular Origin of the Solar System 9 Origin of Languages	677

No Natural Origin discoverable	679

OF THE RELATION OF TRADITION TO PALETIOLOGY	680

The asserted presumption of Teleology 19 Final Causes in other subjects 20 Transition to Palætiology PAGE	681

The Sacred Narrative	683

Difficulties in interpreting the Sacred Narrative	684

Such Difficulties inevitable	686

Science tells us nothing concerning Creation	687

Scientific views when familiar do not disturb the authority of Scripture	688

When should Old Interpretations be given	690

In what Spirit should the Change be accepted?	691

In what Spirit should the Change be urged?	694

Duty of Mutual Forbearance	695

Case of Galileo	696

OF THE CONCEPTION OF A FIRST CAUSE	700

The Origin of things is not naturally discoverable 2 Yet has always been sought after 3 There must be a First Cause	702

This is an Axiom 5 Involved in the Proof of a Deity 6 The Mind is not satisfied without it 7 The Whole Course of Nature must have a Cause 8 Necess...	704

Idea of a First Cause is Necessary 11 Conception of a First Cause 12 The First Cause in all Sciences is the same 13 We are thus led to Moral Subjects ...	705

¶λλες εκδόσεις - Προβολή όλων

The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences: Founded Upon Their History, Τόμος 1
William Whewell
Πλήρης προβολή - 1840

The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, Founded Upon Their History, Τόμος 1
William Whewell
Πλήρης προβολή - 1847

Προβολή όλων »

Συχνά εμφανιζόμενοι όροι και φράσεις

action and reaction Affinity already antithesis appears applied apprehend assertion assume astronomy Atomic Theory atoms Axioms of Geometry belong bodies CHAPTER character chemical Chemical Affinity chemistry cloven-hoofed colour combination conceive conception connexion considered crystals depend derived Differential Calculus discovery distinct doctrine effect elements equal example existence experience express external facts faculties fluid force geometry gravity Idea of Cause idea of space inclined plane Inductive instance involve kind laws of motion manner mathematical mathematicians matter means measure mecha mechanical Mechanical Sciences mind Mineralogy mode nature necessarily necessary truths objects observation obtained particles peculiar perceive perception phenomena philosophy plane polarity portion principles produced progress properties propositions proved quantity reasoning reference remark result retina rhombohedral rience SECT seen sensations sense solid speak speculations stamens statical straight lines substance suppose syllogism symmetry Theory things thought tion true universal velocity

Δημοφιλή αποσπάσματα

Σελίδα 278 - Secondly, such qualities which in truth are nothing in the objects themselves but powers to produce various sensations in us by their primary qualities, ie by the bulk, figure, texture, and motion of their insensible parts, as colours, sounds, tastes, &c.

Εμφανίζεται σε 349 βιβλία από 1722-2008

Σελίδα 384 - Have not the small particles of bodies certain powers, virtues, or forces by which they act at a distance, not only upon the rays of light for reflecting, refracting, and inflecting them, but also upon one another for producing a great part of the phenomena of nature?

Εμφανίζεται σε 189 βιβλία από 1721-2007

Σελίδα 429 - All these things being considered, it seems probable to me that God, in the beginning, formed matter in solid, massy, hard, impenetrable, moveable particles, of such sizes and figures, and with such other properties, and in such proportions to space, as most conduced to the end for which He formed them...

Εμφανίζεται σε 313 βιβλία από 1808-2008

Σελίδα 429 - ... even so very hard as never to wear or break in pieces, no ordinary power being able to divide what God himself made one in the first creation.

Εμφανίζεται σε 325 βιβλία από 1721-2008

Σελίδα 52 - Words convey the mental treasures of one period to the generations that follow ; and laden with this, their precious freight, they sail safely across gulfs of time in which empires have suffered shipwreck, and the languages of common life have sunk into oblivion.

Εμφανίζεται σε 73 βιβλία από 1842-2007

Σελίδα 19 - Parallelograms upon the same base and between the same parallels, are equal to one another.

Εμφανίζεται σε 158 βιβλία από 1806-2006

Σελίδα 429 - While the particles continue entire, they may compose bodies of one and the same nature and texture in all ages: but should they wear away, or break in pieces, the nature of things, depending on them, would be changed.

Εμφανίζεται σε 83 βιβλία από 1758-2007

Σελίδα 278 - Qualities thus considered in bodies are, first, such as are utterly inseparable from the body, in what estate soever it be ; such as in all the alterations and changes it suffers, all the force can be used upon it, it constantly keeps; and such as sense constantly finds in every particle of matter which has bulk enough to be perceived, and the mind finds inseparable from every particle of matter, though less than to make itself singly be perceived by our senses...

Εμφανίζεται σε 150 βιβλία από 1796-2008

Σελίδα 42 - knows that there is a mask of theory over the whole face of " nature, if it be theory to infer more than we see. But other •' men, unaware of this masquerade, hold it to be a fact that " they see cubes and spheres, spacious apartments and winding " avenues. And these things are facts to them, because they " are unconscious of the mental operation by which they have " penetrated nature's disguise2".

Εμφανίζεται σε 34 βιβλία από 1847-2004

Σελίδα 419 - ... that dephlogisticated or pure air is composed of water deprived of its phlogiston and united to elementary heat and light...

Εμφανίζεται σε 60 βιβλία από 1803-2006

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Τίτλος	The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences: Founded Upon Their History, Τόμος 1 The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences: Founded Upon Their History, William Whewell
Συγγραφέας	William Whewell
Έκδοση	2
Εκδότης	J. W. Parker, 1847
Πρωτότυπο από	Πανεπιστήμιο Οξφόρδης
Ψηφιοποιήθηκε στις	3 Οκτ. 2006
Μέγεθος	1387 σελίδες

Εξαγωγή αναφοράς	BiBTeX EndNote RefMan

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