structio.

91

02

Varieties as far down the chest as the length of one of the roc line there must be a piece of flat wood for the rocket Varieties

of Con- kets with its cap on. In this top, make as many square to strike against, or its force will cut the line. Let the of Cona struction. or round holes to receive the rocket sticks as there are line be well soaped, and the hole in the swivel

very to be rockets ; but let the distance between them be smooth. sufficient for the rockets to stand without touching one To live rockets may be fixed a great variety of fi- Diferent another ; then from one hole to another cut a groove gures, such as flying dragons, Mercuries, ships, &c.; decoralarge enough for a quick match to lie in ; the top being or they may be made to run on the line like a wheel, Lions for thus fixed, put in the bottom, at about one foot and a which is done in this manner. Have a flat swivel nadé line ree

. half distance from the bottom of the chest, in this bot very exactly, and on it tie two rockets obliquely one on tom must be az many holes as in the top, and all to cor each side, which will make it turn round as it

goes, and respond: but these holes need not be so large as those form a circle of fire ; the charge for these rockets should in the top:

be a little weaker than common. If you would show To

prepare the chest, a quick match must be laid in two dragons fighting, get two swivels made square, and all the grooves, from hole to hole: then take some sky on each tie three rockets together on the under side ; rockets, and rub them in the mouth with wet meal then have two flying dragons made of tin, and fix one of powder, and put a bit of match up the cavity of each ; them on the top of each swivel, so as to stand upright; which match must be long enough to hang a little be in the mouth of each dragon put a small case of comlow the mouth of the rocket. The rockets and chest mon fire, and another at the end of the tail ; put two being prepared according to the above directions, put or three port-fires, of a strong charge, on one side of the sticks of the rockets through the holes in the top their bodies, to show them. This done, put them on and bottom of the chest, so that their mouths may rest the line, one at each end; but let there be a swivel in on the quick-match in the grooves: by which all the the middle of the line to keep the dragons from strikrockets will be fired at once ; for by giving fire to any ing together : before firing the rockets, light the cases part of the match, it will communicate to all the roc on the dragons; and if care be taken in firing both at kets in an instant. As it would be rather troublesomne the same time, they will meet in the middle of the line, to direct the sticks from the top to the proper holes in and seem to fight. Then they will run back and return the bottom, it will be necessary to have a small door in with great violence, which will have a very pleasing efone of the sides, through which, when opened, you fect. The line for these rockets must be very long, or may see how to place the sticks. Flights of rockets they will strike too hard together. being seldom set off at the beginning of any fire-works, Cases for Chinese flyers may be made of different Cases for they are in danger of being fired by the sparks from sizes, from one to eight ounces; they must be made thick Chinese wheels, &c.; therefore, to preserve them, a cover should of paper, and eight interior diameters long; they are fjers. be made to fit on the chest, and the door in the side rolled in the same manner as tourbillons, with a straight kept shut.

pasted edge, and pinched close at one end. The method Line Line-rockets are made and rammed as the sky-rockets, of filling them is, the case being put in a mould, whose rockets.

but have no heads, and the cases must be cut close to the cylinder, or foot, must be flat at top without a nipple, clay: they are sometimes made with six or seven chan fill it within half a diameter of the middle; then ram ges, but in general not more than four or five. The in half a diameter of clay, on that as much composition method of managing these rockets is the following : as before, on which drive balf a diameter of clay; then First, have a piece of light wood, the length of one of pinch the case close, and drive it down flat: after this the rockets turned round about two inches and a half dia is done, bore a hole exactly through the centre of the meter, with a hole through the middle lengthwise, large clay in the middle; then in the opposite sides, at both enough for the line to go easily through ; if four chan ends, make a vent; and in that side intended to be fired ges are intended, have four grooves cut in the swivel, first make a small hole to the composition near the clay one opposite the other, in which to lay the rockets. in the middle, from which carry a quick-match, cover

The mouths of the rockets being rubbed with wet ed with a single paper, to the vent at the other end; meal-powder, lay them in the grooves head to tail, then, when the charge is burnt on one side, it will, by and tie them fast; from the tail of the first rocket carry means of the quick-match, communicate to the charge a leader to the mouth of the second, and from the se on the other (which may be of a different sort). The cond to the third, and so on to as many as there are flyers being thus made, put an iron pin, that must be on the swivel, making every leader very secure; but in fixed in the work on wbich they are to be fired, and on fixing these pipes, take care that the quick-match does which they are to run, through the hole in the middle; not enter the bores of the rockets: the rockets being on the end of this pin must be a not to keep the flyer fixed on the swivel and ready to be fired, have a line from running off. If they are to turn back again after 100 yards long, stretched and fixed up tight, at any they are burnt, make both the vents at the ends on the height from the ground; but be sure to place it hori. same side, which will alter its course the contrary way. zontally: this length of line will do for half-pound Table rockets are designed merely to show the truth Table rockets ; but if larger, the line must be longer. Be of driving, and the judgment of a fire-worker ; they rockela fore you put up the line, put one end of it through the having no other effect, when fired, than spinning round swivel ; and when you fire the line rocket, let the mouth in the same place where they begin, till they are burnt of that rocket which is first fired face that end of the out, and showing nothing more than an horizontal circle line where you stand ; then the first rocket will carry of fire. the rest to the other end of the line, and the second will The method of making these rockets is,-Have a cone bring them back; and so they will run out and in ac turned out of bard wood two inches and a half in dia. cording to the number of rockets : at each end of the meter, and as much high ; round the base of it drive a

2

90

03

line;

Fig. 33

Varieties line; on this line fix four spokes, each two inches long, phur moistened with a small quantity of petroleum oil, Varieties

of Con so as to stand one opposite the other; then fill four nine- and two ounces of charcoal ; and in order that these of Construction, inch one pound cases with any strong composition, reeds or canes may catch fire sooner, and with more fa-struction.

within two inches of the top: these cases are made like cility, they must be charged at the lower ends, which
tourbillons, and must be rammed with the greatest ex rest on the bottom of the globe, with pulverized gun-
actness.

powder moistened in the same manner with petroleum
The rockets being filled, fix their open ends on the oil, or well besprinkled with brandy, and then dried.
short spokes; then in the side of each case bore a hole The bottom of the globe ought to be covered with a
near the clay; all these holes, or vents, must be so made little gunpowder half pulverized and half grained ;
that the fire of each case may act the same way; from which, when set on fire by means of a match applied to
these vents carry leaders to the top of the cone, and the end of the chamber GH, will set fire to the lower
tie them together. When the rockets are to be fired, part of the reed. But care must have been taken to fill
set them on a smooth table, and light the leaders in the the chamber with a composition similar to that in the
middle, and all the cases will fire together (see fig. 32.) reeds, or with another slow composition made of eight
and spin on the point of the cone.

ounces of gunpowder, four ounces of saltpetre, two
These rockets may be made to rise like tourbillons, by ounces of sulphur, and one ounce of charcoal: the
making the cases shorter, and boring four holes in the whole must be well pounded and mixed.
under side of each at equal distances : this being done Instead of reeds, the globe may be charged with run-
they are called double tourbillons.

ning rockets, or paper petards, and a quantity of fiery
Note, All the vents in the under side of the cases stars or sparks mixed with the pulverized gunpowder,
must be lighted at once; and the sharp point of the cone placed without any order above these petards, which
cut off, at wbich place make it spherical.

must be choked at unequal heights, that they may 94 Aerial Fireworks called aerial globes or bombs consist of perform their effect at different times. glubes or a spherical case made of strong paper, or of wood, pre These globes may be constructed in various other bombs. pared as will be immediately described, and thrown from ways,

which it would be tedious here to enumerate. We a mortar commonly made of pasteboard, with a copper shall only observe, that when loaded they must be well chamber to contain the charge, such as AB, fig. 33. covered at the top; they must be wrapped up in a piece This small mortar must be made of light wood, or of of cloth dipped in glue, and a piece of woollen cloth pa per pasted together, and rolled up in the form of a must be tied round them, so as to cover the hole which cylinder, or truncated cone, the bottom excepted; contains the match.

95 which, as already said, must be of wood. The cham Fuzes for air balloons are sometimes turned ont of Fuzes for ber for the powder AC must be pierced obliquely, with dry beech, with a cup at top to hold the quick-match,

globes or a small gimlet, as seen at BC; so that the aperture B or other firing material; but if made with pasted paper, corresponding to the aperture of the metal mortar, in they will do as well: the diameter of the former for which this paper mortar must be placed when the globe fuzes for cochorn balloons must be half an inch; for a is fired, the fire applied to the latter may be communica- royal fuze, five-eighths of an inch; for an eight inch ted to the powder which is at the bottom of the cham fuze, three-fourths of an inch ; and for a ten inch fuze, ber AC, immediately

below the globe. By these means seven-eighths of an inch. Having rolled the cases, pinch the globe will catch fire and make an agreeable noise and tie them almost close at one end : then drive them as it rises into the air; but it would not succeed so down, and let them dry. Before beginning to fill them, well if any vacuity were left between the powder and mark on the outside of the case the length of the charge globe.

required, allowing for the thickness of the bottom; and
A profile or perpendicular section of such a globe is when the composition is rammed in, take two pieces of
represented by the right-angled parallelogram ABCD, quick-match about six inches long, and lay one end of
fig. 34.; the breadth of which AB is nearly equal each on the charge, and then a little meal-powder,
to the height AD. The thickness of the wood to which ram down hard; the loose ends of the match
wards the two sides L, M, is equal to about the double up into the top of the fuze, and cover it with a
twe!fth part of the diameter of the globe ; and the paper cap to keep it dry. When the shells are put into
thickness E, F, of the cover, is double the preceding, the mortars, uncap the fuzes, and pull out the loose ends
or equal to a sixth part of the diameter. The height of the match, and let them bang on the sides of the bal-
GK, or HI of the chamber GHIK, where the match is loons. The use of the match is, to receive the fire from
applied, and which is terminated by the semicircle the powder in the chamber of the mortar, in order to
LGKM, is equal to the fourth part of the breadth light the fuze : the shell being put in the mortar with
AB, and its breadth GH is equal to the sixth part of the fuze uppermost, and exactly in the centre, sprinkle
AB.

over it a little meal-powder, and it will be ready to be
We must here observe, that it is dangerous to put fired. Fuzes made of wood must be longer than those
wooden covers, such as EF, on aerial balloons or globes, of paper, and not bored quite through, but left solid
for these covers may be so beavy as to wound those on about half an inch at bottom; and when used saw them
whom they happen to fall. It will be sufficient to place off to a proper length, measuring the charge from the
turf or hay above the globe, in order that the powder cut at top.
may experience some resistance.

To make Tourbillons. Having filled some cases with Tourbil-
The globe must be filled with several pieces of cane in about one diameter and a half, drive in a ladleful of lone.
or common reed, equal in length to the interior height clay; then pinch the ends close, and drive them down
of the globe, and charged with a slow composition, made with a mallet. When done, find the centre of gravity
of tbree ounces of pounded gunpowder, an ounce of sul. of each case : where the nail and stick are tied, which

4 A 2

should

96)

97

Varielies should be half an inch broad at the middle, and run communicate to all the mortars at once by means of varictics

of Con- a little narrower to the ends: these sticks must have the leaders. For mortars of 8, 9, or 10 inches diame- of Construction their ends turned upwards, so that the cases may turn ter, the serpents should be made in one and two ounce struction,

horizontally on their centres : at the opposite sides of cases, six or seven inches long, and fired by a leader
the cases, at each end, bore a hole close to the clay brought out of the mouth of the mortar, and turned
with a gimblet, the size of the neck of a common case down the outside, and the end of it covered with paper,
of the same nature : from these holes draw a line round to prevent the sparks of the other works from setting it
the case, and at the under part of the case bore a bole on fire. For a six-inch mortar, let the quantity of
with the same gimblet, within half a diameter of each powder for firing be two ounces; for an eight-inch, two
line towards the centre; then from one hole to the ounces and three quarters ; and for a ten-inch, three
other drew a right line. Divide this line into three ounces and three quarters. Care must be taken in these,
equal parts; and at X and Y (fig. 35.) bore a hole; as well as small mortars, not to put the serpents in too
then from these holes to the other two lead a quick- tight for fear of bursting the mortars. These mortars
match, over which paste a thin paper. Fig. 36. repre may be loaded with stars, crackers, &c.
sents a tourbillon as it should lie to be fired, with a If the mortars, when loaded, are sent to any distance,
leader from one side hole A to the other B. Wben or liable to be much moved, the firing powder should
tourbillons are fired lay them on a smooth table, with be secured from getting amongst the serpents, which
their sticks downwards, and burn the leader through the would endanger the mortars, as well as hurt their per-
middle with a portfire. They should spin three or four formance. To prevent this, load the mortars thus:
seconds on the table before they rise, which is about the First put in the firing powder, and spread it equally
time the composition will be burning from the side holes about; then cut a round piece of blue touch-paper,
to those at bottom.

equal to the exterior diameter of the mortar, and draw
To tourbillons may be fixed reports in this manner: on it a circle equal to the interior diameter of the mor-
In the centre of the case at top make a small hole, and tar, and notch it all round as far as that circle: then
in the middle of the report make another; then place paste that part which is notched, and put it down the
then together, and tie on the report, and with a single mortar close to the powder, and stick the pasted edge
paper secure it from fire : this done, the tourbillon is to the mortar; this will keep the powder always smooth
completed. By this method you may fix on tourbil. at bottom, so that it may be moved or carried anywhere
long small cones of stars, rains, &c. but be careful not without receiving damage. The large single mortars
tò load then too much. One eighth of an inch will be are called pots des aigrettes.
enough for the thickness of the sticks, and their length Pots des Brins are formed of pasteboard, and must be Pots des
equal to that of the cases.

brins

rolled pretty thick. They are usually made tbree or Aigrettes. Mortars to throw aigrettes are generally made of four inches diameter, and four diameters long; and

pasteboard, of the same thickness as balloon mortars, pinched with a neck at one end, like common cases.
and two diameters and a half long in the inside from the A number of these are placed on a plank thus: Having
top of the foot : the foot must be made of elm without a fixed on a plank two rows of wooden pegs, cut in the
chamber, but flat at top, and in the same proportion as bottom of the plank a groove the whole length under
those for balloon mortars; these mortars must also be each row of pegs; then, through the centre of each peg,
bound round with a clord : sometimes eight or nine of bore a hole down to the groove at bottom, and on every
these mortars, of about three or four inches diameter, peg fix and glue a pot, whose mouth must fit tight on
are bound all together, so as to appear but one : but the peg; through all the holes run a quickmatch, one
when they are made for this purpose, the bottom of the end of which must go into the pot, and the otber into
foot must be of the same diameter as the mortars, and the groove, which must have a match laid in it from
only half a diameter high. The mortars being bound end to end, and covered with paper, so that when light-
well together, fix them on a heavy solid block of wood. ed at one end it may discharge the whole almost instan.
To load these mortars, first put on the inside bottom of taneously: in all the pots put about one ounce of meal
each a piece of paper, and on it spread one ounce and a and corn powder ; then in some put stars, and in others
half of meal and corn powder mixed ; then tie the ser rains, snakes, serpents, crackers, &c.: when they are all
pents up in parcels with quickmatch, and put them in loaded, paste paper over their mouths. Two or three
the mortar with their mouths downwards; but take care hundred of these pots being fired together make a very
the parcels do not fit too tight in the mortars, and that pretty show, by affording so great a variety of fires.
all ibe serpents have been well primed with powder Fig. 38. is a range of pots des brins, with a leader A,
wetted with spirit of wine. On the top of the serpents by which they are fired.
in each mortar lay some paper or tow; then carry a Pots des Saucissons are generally fired out of large Pots des
leader from one mortar to the other all round, and then mortars without chambers, the same as those for aigrettes,
from all the ontside mortars into that in the middle: only somewhat stronger. Saucissons are made of one
these leaders must be put between the cases and the and two ounce cases, five or six inches long, and choked
sides of the mortar, down to the powder at bottom: in in the same manner as serpents. Half the pumber
the centre of the middle mortar fix a fire pump, or bril- which the mortar contains must be driven one diame-
liant fountain, which must be open at bottom, and long ter and a half with composition, and the other half two
enougb to project out of the mouth of the mortar; then diameters, so that when fired they may give two volleys
paste paper on the tops of all the mortars.

of reports. But if the mortars are very strong, and Mortars thas prepared are called a nest of serpents, as will bear a sufficient charge to throw the saucissons very represented by fig. 37. When these mortars are to be bigb, you may make three volleys of reports, by dividfired, light the fire pump C, which when consumed willing the number of cases into three parts, and making a 3

difference

99

saucissons

x

Varieties difference in the height of the charge. After they are mouth of the other carry a leader, which should be se- Varieties

of Con- filled, pinch and tie them at top of the charge almost cured with pasted paper. Besides these pipes, it will be of Con-
struction. close ; only leaving a small vent to communicate the necessary to put a little meal-powder within the pasted struction.

fire to the upper part of the case, which must be filled paper, to blow off the pipe, that there may be no ob-
with corn-powder very near the top; then pinch the struction to the fire from the cases. By means of these
end quite close, and tie it: after this is done, bind the pipes the cases will successively take fire, burning one
case very tight with waxed packthread, from the choke upwards and the other downwards. On the pintle fix a
at top of the composition to the end of the case; this case of the same sort as those on the wheel; this case
will make the case very strong in that part, and cause must be fired by a leader from the mouth of the last case
the report to be very

loud. Saucissons should be rolled on the wheel, which case must play downwards: instead
a little thicker of paper than the common proportion. of a common case in the middle, you may put a case of
When they are to be put in the mortar, they must be Chinese fire, long enough to burn as long as two or three
primed in their mouths, and fired by a case of brilliant of the cases on the wheel.
fire fised in their centre.

Horizontal wheels are often fired two at a time, and
The charge for these mortars should be one-sixth or made to keep time like vertical wheels, ouly they are
one-eighth more than for pots des aigrettes of the same made without any slow or dead fire ; 10 or 12 inches
diameter.

will be enough for the diameter of wheels with six Plate Single ver

CCCCLIV. There are different sorts of vertical wheels; some ba- spokes. Fig. 40. represents a wheel on fire, with the tical

fig. 40. ving their fells of a circular form, others of an hexagonal, first case burning.

IO2 wheels.

octagonal, or decagonal form, or of any number of sides, Spiral wheels, are only double horizontal wheels, and Spiral
according to the length of the cases you design for the made thus : The nave must be about six inches long, wheels.
wheel : the spokes being fixed in the nave, nail slips and rather thicker than the single sort; instead of the
of tin, with their edges turned up so as to form grooves pintle at top, make a hole for the case to be fixed in,
for the cases to lie in, from the end of one spoke to that and two sets of spokes, one set near the top of the nave,
of another; then tie the cases in the grooves head to and the other near the bottom. At the end of each
tail, in the same manner those on the horizontal water spoke cut a groove wherein you tie the cases, there be-
wheel, so that the cases successively taking fire from one ing no fell; the spokes should not be more than two
another, will keep the wheel in an equal rotation. Two inches and a balf long from the naves, so that the wheel
of these wheels are very often fired together, one on each may not be more than eight or nine inches diameter;
side of a building; and both lighted at the same time, the cases are placed in such a manner, tbat those at top
and all the cases filled alike, to make them keep time play down, and those at bottom play up, but let the
together; as they will, if made by the following di tbird or fourth case play horizontally. The case in the
rections : In all the cases of both wheels, except the middle may begin with any of the others : six spokes
first, on each wheel drive two or three ladlesful of slow will be enough for each set, so that the wheel may con-
fire, in any part of the cases; but be careful to ram the sist of 12 cases, besides that on the top: the cases six
came quantity in each case, and in the end of one of inches each.
the cases, on each wheel, you may ram one ladleful Plural wheels are made to turn horizontally, and to

103

Plural of dead-fire composition, which must be very lightly consist of three sets of spokes, placed six at top, six at wheele. driven; you may also make many changes of fire by this bottom, and four in the middle, wbich last must be a method.

little shorter than the rest: let the diameter of the wheel Let the hole in the nave of the wheel be lined with be 10 inches; the cases must be tied on the ends of the brass, and made to turn on a smooth iron spindle. On spokes in grooves cut on purpose, or in pieces of wood the end of this spindle let there be a nut, to screw off nailed on the end of the spokes, with grooves cut in and on; when you have put the wheel on the spindle, them as usual: in clothing these wheels, make the upscrew on the nut, which will keep the wheel from fly per set of cases play obliquely downwards, the bottom ing off. Let the mouth of the first case be a little raised. set obliquely upwards, and the middle set horizontally. See fig. 39. Vertical wheels are made from ten inches In placing the leaders, they must be managed so that the to three feet diameter, and the size of the cases must cases may burn thus, viz. first up, then down, then hodiffer accordingly; four-ounce cases will do for wheels rizontal, and so on with the rest. But anotber change of 14 or 16 inchies diameter, which is the proportion may be made, by driving in the end of the eighth case generally used. The best wood for wheels of all sorts two or three ladlesful of slow fire, to burn till the is a light and dry beech.

wheel has stopped its course ; then let the other cases
Horizontal Horizontal wheels are best when their fells are made be fixed the contrary way, which will make the wheel
wheels, circular; in the middle of the top of the nave must be run back again: for the case at top you may put a small

a pintle, turned out of the same piece as the nave, two gerbe; and let the cases on the spokes be short, and 6]l-
inches long, and equal in diameter to the bore of one of ed with a strong brilliant charge.
the cases of the wheel : there must be a hole bored up Illuminated spiral wheels. First have a circular hori- Muminated
the centre of the nave, within half an inch of the top of zontal wheel made two feet diameter, with a hole quite spiral
the pintle. The wheel being made, nail at the end of through the nave,; then take three thin pieces of deal, wheels.
each spoke (of which there should be six or eight) a three feet long each, and three-fourths of an inch broad
piece of wood, with a groove cut in it to receive the each : one end of each of these pieces nail to the fell of
case. Fix these pieces in such a manner that half the the wheel, at an equal distance from one another, and
cases may incline upwards and half downwards, and that, the other end nail to a block with a hole in its bottom,
when they are tied on, their heads and tails may come which must be perpendicular to that in the block of the
very nearly together; from the tail of one case to the wheel, but not so large. The wheel being thus made,

3

2

101

you like.

109

1.Varieties have a hoop planed down very thin and flat; then nail the spindle, at which place there must be a shoulder, to Varieties

of Con- one end of it into the fell of the wheel, and wind it keep the wheel from touching ihe stand : at the top of of Construction. round the three sticks in a spiral line from the wheel to the spindle put the small wheel, and join it to a large struction.

the block at top: on the top of this block fix a case of one with a leader, in order that they may be fired both
Chinese fire ; on the wheel you may place any number together.
of cases, which must incline downwards, and burn two Cascades of fire are made of any size; but one made Cascades al
at a time. If the wheel should consist of ten cases, you according to the dimensions of that shown in fig. 43. fire.
may let the illuminations and Chinese fire begin with will be large enough for eight-ounce cases. Let the
the second cases. The spindle for this wheel must be a distance from A to B be three feet; from B to C two
little longer than the cone, and made very smooth at feet six inches ; and from C to D two feet; and let the

top, on which the upper block is to turn, and the whole cross piece at A be four feet long : then from each end 105 weight of the wheel to rest. See fig. 41.

of this piece draw a line to D; then make the other Double Double spiral wheel.- For this wheel the block, or cross pieces so long as to come within those lines. The spiral wheel.

nave, must be as long as the height of the worms, or top piece D may be of any length, so as to hold the spiral lines, but must be made very thin, and as light as .cases, at a little distance from each other; all the cross possible. In this block must be fixed several spokes, pieces are fixed horizontally, and supported by brackets; which must diminish in length, from the wheel to the the bottom cross piece should be about one foot six top, so as not to exceed the surface of a cone of the same inches broad in the middle, the second one foot, the height. To the ends of these spokes nail the worms, third nine inches, and the top piece four inches: the which must cross each other several times : clothe these cases may be made of any length, but must be filled wornis with illuminations, the same as those on the single with a brilliant charge. On the edges of the cross wheels ; but the horizontal wheel you may clothe as pieces must be nailed bits of wood, with a groove cut

At top of the worm place a case of spur-fire, in each piece, large enough for a case to lie in. These or an amber light, see fig. 42. This figure is shown bits of wood are fixed so as to incline downwards, and 106 without leaders, to prevent a confusion of lines. that the fire from one tier of cases may play over that of Balloon

Balloon wheels are made to turn horizontally: they the other. All the cases being tied fast on, carry leadwheels.

must be made two feet diameter, without any spokes; ers from one to the other; and let there be a pipe hung and very strong, with

any

number of sides. On the top from the mouth of one of the cases, covered at the end of a wheel range and fix io pots, three inches diameter with a single paper, which you burn to fire the cascade. and seven inches high each, as many of these as there The Fire I'ree.-To make a fire tree, as shown by Firo utic. are cases on the wheel : near the bottom of each pot fig. 44. you must first have a piece of wood six feet long, make a small vent; into each of these vents carry a and three inches square ; then at E, vine inches from leader from the tail of each case ; load some of the pots the top, make a hole in the front, and in each side; or, with stars, and some with serpents, crackers, &c. As instead of holes, you may fix short pegs, to fit the inside the wheels turn, the pots will successively be fired, and

of the cases.

At F, nine inches from E, fix tlısee more throw into the air a great variety of fires.

pegs ; at G, one foot nine inches from F, fix three pegs;
!07
Fruitoni For fruiloni wheels first have a nave made nine inches at H nine inches from G, fix three pegs; at I, nine
wheels. long and three in diameter : near the bottom of this inches from H, fix three pegs, inclining dowowards ;

nave fix eight spokes, with a hole in the end of each, but all the other pegs must incline upwards, that the
large enough to receive a two or four ounce case : each cases may have the same inclination as is seen in the
of these spokes may be 14 inches long from the block. figure: then at top place a four-inch mortar, loaded
Near the top of this block fix eight more of the same with stars, rains, or crackers. In the middle of this
spokes, exactly over the others, but not so long by two mortar place a case filled with any sort of charge, but
inches. As this wheel is to run horizontally, all the let it be fired with the other cases: a brilliant charge
cases in the spokes inust play obliquely upwards, and all will do for all the cases ; but the mortar may be made
those in the spokes at bottom obliquely downwards. of any diameter, and thie tree of any size ; and on it
This being done, have a small horizontal wheel made any number of cases, provided they are placed in the
with eight spokes, each five inches long from the block: manner described.
on the top of this wheel place a case of brilliant fire : Chinese Fountains.-To make a Chinese fountain, you Chinese
all the cases on this wheel must play in an oblique di must have a perpendicular piece of wood seven feet long fountains
rection downwards, and burn two at a time, and those and two inches and a half square. Sixteen inches from
on the large wheel four at a time; that is, two of those the top, fix on the front a cross piece one inch thick,
in the top set of spokes, and two of those in the bottom and two and a half broad, with the broad side up-
set of spokes.

wards; below this, fix three more pieces of the sanie
The four first cases on the large wheel, and the two width and thickness, at sixteen inches from each other;
first on the small, must be fired at the same time, and let the bottom rail be five feet long, and the others of
the brilliant fire at top at the beginning of the last cases. such a length as to allow the fire-pumps to stand in
The cases of the wheels may be filled with a gray the middle of the intervals of each other. The pyra-
charge. When these wheels are completed, you must mid being thus made, fix in the holes made in the bot-
have a strong iron spindle, made four feet six inches tom rail five fire pumps, at equal distances; on the se-
long, and fixed perpendicularly on the top of a stand : cond rail, place four pumps ; on the third, three; on
on this put the large wheel, whose nave must have a hole the fourth, two; and on the top of the post, one; but
quite through from the bottom to the top. This hole place them all to incline a little forwards, that, when
must be large enough to turn easily round the bottom of they throw out the stars, they may not strike against

the

110