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25. Hè åksepts the offis, ekspekts tô lễrn thŭ fakts, and ǎttěmts bi hiz ǎkts to kōnsēl hiz fâlts.

26. Prithee, blithe youth, do not mouth your words when you wreathe your face with smiles.

27. That fellow shot a sparrow on a willow, in the narrow meadow, near the yellow house.

28. Thů strif sèsẻth, pès åpprochẻth, ånd thủ gåd mån rejdiseth.

29. Thů shrôd shröz båd him så fhåt fhů vil viksnz yüzd shrůgz, ånd sharp shril shreks.

30. Shôrli, thō wônded, thŭ prôdênt rēkrôt wůd not ēt that kråd fråt.

31. Stern, růgged nêrs! thi rijid lor with påshens mėnỉ å yer shẻ bor.

32. At that time, the lame man, who began nobly, having made a bad point, wept bitterly.

33. When loud surges lash the sounding shore, the hoarse, rough verse should like the torrent roar.

34. What whim led White Whitney to whittle, whistle, whisper, and whimper near the wharf, where a floundering whale might wheel and whirl?

35. Amidst thů mists ånd koldest frosts, with bårest rists ånd stoutest bosts, hè thrůsts hiz fists ågênst thů posts, ånd stil insists hè sèz thů gosts.

36. Thăngks to Thaddeus Thikthòng, thu thâtles thisslsifter, ho thrīs thrust thrẽ thouzănd thisslz thrỗ thu thĩk Ŏv hiz thům.

37. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who taketh his name in vain.

38. Honor thy father and thy mother that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

39. A stårm årizẻth ỏn thủ sẻ. A modël vẻssel iz strug gling åmidst thů wår öv éléments, kwivering ånd shivering, shringking ånd båttling lik å thingking being. Thů mêrsi lės, råking wherlwindz, lik fritful fendz, houl ånd mòn, ånd send shårp, shril shrèks thrở thů krèking kârdåj, snåpping

thů shets ånd måsts. Thů stěrdi sålârz stånd tô thår tåsks, ånd wether thů sévèrěst stårm öv fhů sèzn.

40. Chàst-id, chěrisht ChÅs! Thủ chårmz Åv thì chẻkẻrd chamberz chan mè chanjlêsli. Chamberlinz, chåplinz, ånd chânsellárz håv chânted thi cherobik châisnes. Chèftinz håv chànjd thủ chåriôt ånd thủ chàs får thủ chẻs-bòrd ånd thủ chårming charj bv thủ chẻs-nits. Nó chỉling chêrl, nó cheting chảffÅrër, nó chåttëring chànjling kån bè thì chòzn champiðn. Thou art thủ chàssner Åv thủ chẻrlish, thủ chider ðv thủ chànjĖbl, thủ cherishër Åv thủ chèrfül &nd thủ chảritåbl. Får thẻ år thủ chåplets åv chanlês chåriti ånd thủ chalis ðv childlik chèrfülněs. Chànj kản nốt chànj thẻ: from childhůd to thủ chårnål-hous, from our fêrst childish cherpingz tổ thủ chilz ðv thủ chěrch-yård, thou årt our cher, chanjlês chèftinės.

XI.

PHONETIC LAUGHTER.

AUGHTER, by the aid of Phonetics, is easily taught, as an art. It is one of the most interesting and healthy of all class exercises. It may be either vocal or respiratory.

2. There are thirty-two well-defined varieties of laughter in the English language, eighteen of which are produced in connection with the tonics; nine, with the subtonics of 1, m, n, ng, r, th, v, and z; and five, with the atonics of f, h, s, th, and sh.

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3. Commencing with vocal laughter, the instructor will first utter a tonic, and then, prefixing the oral element of h, and accompanied by the class, he will produce the syllable continuously, subject only to the interruptions that are incidental to inhalations and bursts of laughter; as, ā, hā, hā, hã, ha, ha, &c.,—ă, hă, hă, hă, hă, &c.

4. The attention of the students will be called to the most agreeable kinds of laughter, and they will be taught to pass naturally and easily from one variety to another.

AS

II. SYLLABICATION.

I.

DEFINITIONS.

SYLLABLE is a word, or part of a word, uttered by a single impulse of the voice.

2. A MONOSYLLABLE is a word of one syllable; as, hɔme. 3. A DISSYLLABLE is a word of two syllables; as, home-less. 4. A TRISYLLABLE is a word of three syllables; as, confine-ment.

5. A POLYSYLLABLE is a word of four or more syllables; as, in-no-cen-cy, un-in-tel-li-gi-bil-i-ty.

6. THE ULTIMATE is the last syllable of a word; as ful, in peace-ful.

7. THE PENULT, or penultimate, is the last syllable but one of a word; as māk, in peace-mak-er.

8. THE ANTEPENULT, or antepenultimate, is the last syllable but two of a word; as ta, in spon-ta-ne-ous.

9. THE PREANTEPENULT, or preantepenultimate, is the last syllable but three of a word; as cab, in vo-cab-u-la-ry.

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II.

FORMATION OF SYLLABLES.

SINGLE impulse of the voice can produce but one radical or opening and vanishing or gradually diminishing movement. Since a syllable is produced by a single impulse of the voice, it follows that only such an oral element, or order of oral elements, as gives but one radical and vanish movement, can enter into its formation. As the tonics can not be uttered separately without producing this movement, but one of them can enter into a single syllable; and, as this movement is all that is essential, each of the tonics may, by itself, form a syllable. Consistently with this, we find, whenever two tonics adjoin, they always belong to separate syllables in pronunciation, as in a-e-ri-al, i-o-ta, o-a-sis.

2. Though oral elements can not be combined with a view to lengthen a syllable, by the addition of one tonic to another, as this would produce a new and separate impulse, yet a syllable may be lengthened by prefixing and affixing any number of tonics and atonics to a tonic, that do not destroy its singleness of impulse; as, a, an, and, land, gland, glands.

3. A tonic is usually regarded as indispensable in the formation of a syllable. A few syllables, however, are formed exclusively by subtonics. In the words bidde-n rive-n, rhyth-m, schis-m, fic-kle, i-dle, lit-tle, and words of like construction, the last syllable is either pure subtonic, or a combination of subtonic and atonic. These final syllables go through the radical and vanish movement, though they are far inferior in quality, euphony, and force, to the full display of these properties on the tonics.

INITI

III.

RULES IN SYLLABICATION.

NITIAL CONSONANTS.-The elements of consonants that commence words should be uttered distinctly, but should not be much prolonged.1

2. FINAL CONSONANTS.-Elements that are represented by final consonants should be dwelt upon, and uttered with great distinctness; as,

He accepts the office, and attempts by his acts to conceal his faults.

3. WHEN ONE WORD OF A SENTENCE ENDS and the next begins with the same consonant, or another that is hard to produce after it, a difficulty in utterance arises that should be obviated by dwelling on the final consonant, and then taking up the one at the beginning of the next word, in a

'Initial Elements Prolonged.On this point Dr. RUSH mentions the error of a distinguished actor, who, in order to give great force and distinctness to his articulation, dwelt

the following lines:

"Canst thou not m-inister to a m-ind diseased,

Pl-uck from the m-emory a root ed sorrow?"

on the initial letters, as marked in Such mouthing defeats its object

second impulse of the voice, without pausing between

them; as,

It will pain nobody, if the sad dangler regain neither rope.

4. FINAL COGNATES.-In uttering the elements of the final cognates, b, p, d, t, g, and k, the organs of speech should not remain closed at the several pauses of discourse, but should be smartly separated by a kind of echo; as,

I took down my hat-t, and put it upon my head-d.

5. UNACCENTED SYLLABLES should be pronounced as distinctly as those which are accented: they should merely have less force of voice and less prolongation; as,

The thoughtless, helpless, homeless girl did not resent his rudeness and harshness.

Very many of the prevailing faults of articulation result from a neglect of these rules, especially the second, the third, and the last. He who gives a full and definite sound to final consonants and to unaccented vowels, if he does it without stiffness or formality, can hardly fail to articulate well.

EXERCISE IN SYLLABICATION.1

1. THIRTY years ago, Marseilles' lay burning in the sun, one day. A blazing sun, upon a fierce August day, was no greater rarity in Southern France then, than at any other time, before or since. Every thing in Marseilles, and about Marseilles, had stared at the fervid sky, and been stared at in return, until a staring habit had become universal there.

2. Strangers were stared out of countenance by staring white houses, staring white walls, staring white streets, staring tracts of arid road, staring hills from which verdure was burnt ǎway. The only things to be seen not firedly staring and glaring were the vines drooping under their load of grapes. These did occasionally wink a little, as the hot air moved their faint leaves. 3. There was no wind to make a ripple on the foul water

1 Direction.-Students will give the number and names of the syllables, in words of more than one syllable, and tell what rule for the

formation of syllables each letter
that appears in Italics, in this exer-
cise, is designed to illustrate.
'Marseilles, (mår sålz ́).

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