There

him a title to the veneration of Christians. are several examples, however, upon record, which prove that this privilege was not solely vested as yet in the Roman Pontiff, since not only provincial councils, but also several of the first order among the Bishops, advanced to the rank of saints such as they thought worthy of that high dignity, and continued thus to augment the celestial patrons of the church, without even consulting the Roman Pontiff until the twelfth century; when Alexander III. abrogated the privilege of the Bishops and council, and placed canonization in the number of the more important acts of authority *, which the sovereign Pontiff alone, by a peculiar prerogative, was entitled to exercise.

See F. Pagi Breviar. Pontif. Roman. and Mabillon.

No. 3.

In the year 1550, Hooper was appointed Bishop, of Gloucester, by letters from Edward VI. One of Hooper's reasons for declining, was the form of the oath, which he denominated impious.

By the oath, is meant the oath of supremacy, which was in this form,-by God, by the saints, and by the Holy Ghost; which Hooper thought impious, because God only ought to be appealed to in an oath, forasmuch as he only knows the thoughts of

men.

The young king being convinced of this, struck out the words with his own pen.

Neal.

*These were called the Causæ Majores.

REVELATION V. 14.

(UNITARIANISM.)

"And the four living creatures said Amen, and the elders fell down and worshipped."-Unitarian Version.

"This homage paid to a symbolical representation of Christ in a visionary scene by symbolical persons represented as visibly present with him, cannot justify the actual worship of Christ, when he is not visible, and in direct opposition to his own express precept, Luke xi. 1, 2.; John iv. 23, 24. Least of all can it be concluded, as Mr. Lindsey well observes, (Seq. p. 96,) that equal honour and worship are to be given to Christ and to God, from their being thus joined in the same act of worship. Because, if so, it will follow, that equal honour and worship is to be given to David and to God; for it is expressly said, (1 Chron. xxix. 20,) that all the congregation bowed down their heads and worshipped the Lord and the king.""

Note to the Unitarian Version.

REVELATION viii. 1, 2.

"The seventh seal"-" seven trumpets.”

(COCCEIUS.)

Cocceius, a native of Bremen, who lived in the seventeenth century, represented the whole history of the Old Testament as a mirror, that held forth an accurate view of the events that were to happen

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in the Church under the dispensation of the New Testament, and unto the end of the world.

He divided the whole history of the Church into seven periods, conformable to the seven trumpets and seals mentioned in the Revelation.

See Val Alberti Aɩπλoõν kaπтα, Cartesianismus et Cocceianismus Descripti et Refutati. Lips. 1678.

REVELATION ix. 1.

"A star fall."

"Some arch-heretic."

Note to the Roman Catholic Version.

REVELATION xi. 7.

"The beast."

Among the heresies of his time, Mr. Edwards mentions the following.

"No. 143. That the Presbytery and Presbyterial government are the false prophet and beast spoken of in the Revelation. Presbytery is a third part of the city of Rome; yea, that beast in Rev. xi. that ascends, and shall kill the two witnesses, viz. the Independents."..

See Edwards' Gangræna, printed in 1646.

REVELATION xii. 7.

"There was war in heaven; Michael and his angels fought against the dragon."

Walter *, surnamed Lollard, is said to have asserted, among other strange things, that Lucifer and the other fallen angels were driven from heaven unjustly, and that the time would come when they would be re-established in heaven; when St. Michael and other angels guilty of this injustice, would be condemned to eternal punishment, with those who did not embrace the opinions of the Lollards.

Walter selected twelve men from his disciples, whom he denominated apostles. They traversed Germany every year to confirm those who adopted their sentiments. Walter was burnt at Cologne, A.D. 1322.

See Dictionn. des Hérésies.

No. 2.

In the reign of Justinian it became common to join the names of the Virgin Mary and the archangels Michael and Gabriel in common oaths.

Gregory's Hist. &c.

* The compiler of the Dictionn. des Hérésies asserts, that the followers of this Walter afterwards came to England and joined the Wickliffites. Dr. Mosheim denies the connection altogether, and says, that the Wickliffites were styled Lollards merely by way of reproach, that word being translated from the Flemish tongue into English, and applied to all heretics. See his third vol. pp. 334. 378.

No. 3.

We are told that in the superstitious ages a set of blinded persons imagined, that on every Monday mass was performed in heaven by St. Michael, in the presence of God; and consequently they resorted in crowds on that day to all the churches which were dedicated to that highly honoured saint. Ratherii Epist. Synodica in Dacherii Spicilegio Script. Vet. t. ii. p. 294, Sigebertus Gemblac. Chronol. ad A. 939.

REVELATION xiv. 1.

"A Lamb stood on the Mount Sion, and with him an hundred forty and four thousand, having his Father's name written in their foreheads."

(ZINZENDORF-HERRNHUTTER.)

If we may believe Count Zinzendorf, the founder, in the eighteenth century, of the Moravian sect called Herrnhutter, he was scarcely ten years of age, when, excited perhaps by the fame of the leading pietists in Germany, he began to form a design of gathering a society of believers, with whom he might spend his days in the exercises of devotion. In 1721 he applied himself to the execution of his project, and settling at Bertholsdorf, in Upper Lusatia, where he had purchased an estate, he was joined by some persons of his own turn of mind, and bestowed the vacant curacy of the place upon a student of the same cast. Christian David, a carpenter, persuaded a number of Moravians to forsake their popish religion and country, and settle with

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