Opposite lat. 49: under 7:20 Tab. XIII. stands +15"27" Truc equation, as required + 15"10" Pro.log.1.0746 Example 2. In latitude 50 north, the interval between equal altitudes of the sun was 520"; the sun's declination 18:30 north, increasing, and the daily variation of declination 14:34"; required the true equation of equal altitudes? Op. lat. 50° under 520Tab. XIII. stands-14"50" Op.dec.18:30: under 5. 20 Tab. XIV. stands + 3.11 True equation, as required- 9" 26" Pro. log. 1.2808 Remark. In north latitude the sun recedes from the elevated pole from the summer to the winter solstice; that is, from the 21st June to the 21st December; but advances towards that pole from the winter to the summer solstice; viz., from the 21st December to the 21st June. The converse of this takes place in south latitude: thus, from the 21st June to the 21st December, the sun advances towards the south elevated pole; but recedes from that pole the rest of the year, viz., from the 21st December to the 21st June. Here it may be necessary to observe, that in taking out the equations from Tables XIII. and XIV., allowance is to be made for the excess of the given, above the next less tabular arguments, as in the following examples; Example 1. Required the equation from Table XIII., answering to latitude 50:48:, and interval between the observations 5 hours 10 minutes? Equation to latitude 50%, and interval 440",. Tabular diff. to 1: of lat.+31"; now," Tab. diff. to 40% of inter. =+17"; now, 14"33" 31" x 48 + 0.241 Example 2. Required the equation from Table XIV., answering to sun's declination 20:47, and interval between the observations 5 hours 10 minutes? Equation to declination 20:30: and interval 4:40= 3:44" Tabular diff. to 30% declination + 6"; now, 6" x 17: ་ =+0. 3 Note. Should the latitude exceed the limits of Table XIII., which is only extended so far as to comprehend the ordinary bounds of navigation, viz., to 60 degrees, the first part of the equation, in this case, must be determined by the rule under which that Table was computed, as in page 22. TABLE XV. To reduce the Sun's Longitude, Right Ascension, and Declination; and also the Equation of Time, as given in the Nautical Almanac, to any given Meridian, and to any given Time under that Meridian. This Table is so arranged, that the proportional part corresponding to any given time, or longitude, and to any variation of the sun's right ascension, declination, &c. &c., may be taken out to the greatest degree of accuracy, -even to the two hundred and sixteen thousandth part of a second, if necessary. Precepts. In the general use of this Table it will be advisable to abide by the solar day; and hence, to estimate the time from noon to noon, or from 0 to 24 hours, after the manner of astronomers, without paying any attention to either the nautical or the civil division of time at midnight. And to guard against falling into error, in applying the tabular proportional part to the sun's right ascension, declination, &c. &c., it will be best to reduce the apparent time at ship or place, to Greenwich time; as thus: Turn the longitude into time (by Table I.), and add it to the given time at ship or place, if it be west; but subtract it if east; and the sum, or difference, will be the corresponding time at Greenwich. From page II. of the month in the Nautical Almanac, take out the sun's right ascension, declination, &c. &c., for the noons immediately preceding and following the Greenwich time, and find their difference, which will express the variation of those elements in 24 hours; then, Enter the Table with the variation, thus found, at top, and the Greenwich time in the left-hand column; under the former and opposite the latter will be found the corresponding equation, or proportional part. And, since the Greenwich time may be estimated in hours, minutes, or seconds, and the variation of right ascension, &c. &c. &c., either in minutes or seconds; the sum of the several proportional parts making up the whole of such time and variation will, therefore, express the required proportional part. The proportional part, so obtained, is always to be applied by addition to the sun's longitude and right ascension at the preceding noon; but it is to be applied by addition, or subtraction, to the sun's declination and the equation of time at that noon, according as they are increasing or decreasing. See the following examples : Example 1. Required the sun's right ascension and declination, and also the equation of time May 6th, 1824, at 510", in longitude 64:45 west of the meridian of Greenwich? Sun's right ascension at noon, May 6th, 1824, per Nautical Almanac, Variation in 24*=3′52′′ Pro. part Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Pro. part 2:53:31:42: to 929 and 3:52 is 1.31.40.20 +1:31:40" To find the Sun's Declination : Sun's declination at noon, May 6th, 1824, per Nautical Almanac, north, increasing, and var. in 24 ho.=16:38" 16:36:5% Pro. part Do. Pro. part to 9:29 and 16:38 is 6.34.20.55 = + 6:34" Sun's declination, as required To find the Equation of Time : Equation of time at noon, May 6th, 1824, per Nautical Do. Required the sun's right ascension and declination, and also the equation of time, August 2d, 1824, at 19:22", in longitude 98:45 east of the meridian of Greenwich? To find the Sun's Right Ascension: Sun's right ascension at noon, August 2d, 1824, per Nautical Pro. part 1 0. 1.37.55 = 0. 1. 0. 0 to 12:47 and 3:52 is 2. 3.34.20 +2:3"34" Sun's declination at noon, August 2d, 1824, per Nautical Almanac, north, decreasing, and var. in 24 to 12 0 and 15 0 15: 36" = 7:30% 0% 0" 8*52*4:22: 17:44:41" Pro. part To find the Equation of Time : Equation of time at noon, August 2d, 1824, per Nautical |