CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Time allowed, 3 hours. 1. What were the chief administrative and judicial changes introduced by William the Conqueror? 2. What abuses of the prerogatives of the Crown furnished the chief grounds of complaint against the government of Henry the Second and his immediate successors? 3. Give a history of the House of Commons in the reigns of Edward the Third and Richard the Second. 4. What questions have at different times arisen as to the construction of the leading provisions of the Statute of Treasons (25 Edward III. c. 2.)? 5. Give a history of the Star Chamber. 6. What a different periods has been the force of Royal Proclamations? 7. What were the chief incidents in Constitutional History during the period (1629-1640) in which Charles the First governed without a Parliament? 8. What violations of the Constitution on the part of Charles the Second led to the Revolution of 1688 ? 9. When and on what grounds were General Warrants declared illegal? 10. What were the chief questions of Constitutional Law that arose during Pitt's Ministry (1783-1801)? N.B.-In all your exercises attention should be paid to orthography, handwriting, punctuation, grammar, and correctness of expression. EUCLID. Time allowed, 3 hours. 1. The angles at the base of an isosceles triangle are equal to one another; and if the equal sides be produced, the angles upon the other side of the base shall be equal. Prove, by using any propositions in the First Book, that if two isosceles triangles have the same base, the straight line joining their vertices, produced if necessary, cuts the common base at right angles. 2. If one side of a triangle be produced, the exterior angle is greater than either of the interior opposite angles. If all except two of the sides of a polygon be produced in order, the sum of the exterior angles thus obtained is greater than the angle included by those two sides. 3. In any right-angled triangle, the square which is described upon the side subtending the right angle is equal to the squares described upon the sides which contain the right angle. If in your figure BA, CA be the two sides containing the right angle, and BFGA, CKHA, the squares on them, AG, AH being adjacent sides of these squares; show that BG, HC, GH being joined, the triangle GCH is equal to the triangle BCH in every respect, and that the figure GHCB is equal to the rectangle BA, AH, together with half the squares on BA, AH. 4. If a straight line be bisected and produced to any point, the rectangle contained by the whole line thus produced and the part of it produced, together with the square on half the line bisected, is equal to the square on the straight line made up of the half and the part produced. · 21. 00 FOREIGN OFFICE CLERKS. May 1876. FOREIGN May 1876. Prove that any rectangle is half the rectangle contained by the diameters of the squares upon its two sides. 5. Describe a square that shall be equal to a given rectilineal figure. Describe an equilateral triangle that shall be equal to a given square. 6. If, in a circle, two straight lines cut one another, which do not both pass through the centre, they do not bisect each other. Describe a circle passing through two given points, and touching a given circle. 7. In any circle, the angle in a semicircle is a right angle, and the angle in a segment greater than a semicircle is less than a right angle, and the angle in a segment less than a semicircle is greater than a right angle. The sides of two acute-angled triangles inscribed in the same circle cannot intersect in fewer than 4 points, provided the triangles have no angular points in common. 8. Inscribe a circle in a given triangle. 9. Describe an isosceles triangle, having each of the angles at the base double of the third angle. Τὸν δ ̓ αὖτ ̓ Ἰδομενεύς, Κρητῶν ἀγός, ἀντίον ηὔδα· HOMER. Οὗτοι δὲ ὅτι οὐκ ἤθελε τοὺς φεύγοντας προέσθαι ἐφοβοῦντο αὐτόν. καὶ γὰρ ἔργῳ ἐπεδείκνυτο καὶ ἔλεγεν ὅτι οὐκ ἄν ποτε προοῖτο, ἐπεὶ ἅπαξ φίλος αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο, οὐδ ̓ εἰ ἔτι μὲν μείους γένοιντο, ἔτι δὲ κάκιον πράξειαν. φανερὸς δ ̓ ἦν καὶ εἴ τίς τι ἀγαθὸν ἢ κακὸν ποιήσειεν αὐτόν, νικᾶν πειρώμενος· και εὐχὴν δέ τινες αὐτοῦ ἐξέφερον ὡς εὔχοιτο τοσοῦτον χρόνον ζῆν ἔστε νικῴη καὶ τοὺς εὖ καὶ τοὺς κακῶς ποιοῦντας ἀλεξόμενος. καὶ γὰρ οὖν πλεῖστοι δὴ αὐτῷ ἑνί γε ἀνδρὶ τῶν ἐφ' ἡμῶν ἐπεθύμησαν καὶ χρήματα καὶ πόλεις καὶ τὰ ἑαυτῶν σώματα προέσθαι. οὐ μὲν δὴ οὐδὲ τοῦτ ̓ ἄν τις εἴποι ὡς τοὺς κακούργους καὶ ἀδίκους εἴα καταγελᾶν, ἀλλ αφειδέστατα πάντων ἐτιμωρεῖτο, πολλάκις δ ̓ ἦν ἰδεῖν παρὰ τὰς στειβομενας ὁδοὺς καὶ ποδῶν καὶ χειρῶν καὶ ὀφθαλμῶν στερομένους ανθρώπους· ὥστ ̓ ἐν τῇ Κύρου ἀρχῇ ἐγένετο καὶ Ἕλληνι καὶ βαρβάρῳ μηδὲν ἀδικοῦντι ἀδεῶς πορεύεσθαι ὅποι τις ἤθελεν, ἔχοντι ὅ,τι προχωροίη. XENOPHON. Translate into Greek :- Archidamus, after ravaging the fertile Thriasian plain, in which he was but feebly opposed by a body of Athenian cavalry, proceeded to Acharnæ, one of the largest and most flourishing of the Attic boroughs, situated only about seven miles from Athens. Here he encamped on a rising ground within sight of the metropolis, and began to lay waste the country around, expecting probably by that means to provoke the Athenians to battle. But in this he was disappointed. The Athenians, indeed, and especially the Acharnians now within the walls, who had contributed no fewer than 3,000 Hoplites to the army, were excited to the highest pitch of exasperation at beholding their houses, their ripening crops, their fruitful vineyards and orchards destroyed before their very eyes. Little groups might be seen gathered together in the streets angrily discussing the question of an attack, quoting oracles and prophecies which assured them of success, and indignantly denouncing Pericles as a traitor and a coward for not leading them out to battle. Among the leaders of these attacks upon Pericles, Cleon, the future demagogue, now first rising into public notice, was conspicuous. It required all the firmness of Pericles to stem the torrent of public indignation. La notizia che mi dài tu d' un lavoro intrapreso, mi fa un gran piacere, anche per riguardo alla tua salute, giacchè in quest' arte son vecchio, e so per prova che son cose che richiedono piuttosto occupazioni, che rimedi. E poi inutile dirti che piacere mi fa anche la cosa in sè. La poesia era una gran signora che aveva di molti poderi; ma ora, una parte n' ha persi, e per altri v' è de' cattivi segni. La bucolica, ch' era un FOREIGN OFFICE CLERKS. May 1876. FOREIGN OFFICE CLERKS. May 1876. buon poderino, e che musi di lavoratori ha avuti! s'è smessa di coltivare per la prima e, ho paura, per sempre. L'epopea è sempre in titolo, ma con questo che il coltivarla sia un laboro sovrumano, un' impresa temeraria; e posseder le cose in questa maniera mi par quasi un non accorgersi di non averle più. La drammatica, s'è, si può dire, smesso, per buone ragioni, il metodo vecchio di coltivarla; ma quando si sarà trovato il nuovo, mi farai un gran piacere ad avvertirmene, se sono in questo mondo. Ora, la signorona vecchia, che non vorrebbe rimaner con nulla al sole, e si trova avere ancora del capitale, cosa fa? Dice a' suoi lavoratori :-Diavolo ! che nessuno di voi sia capace di trovare un terreno nuovo da dissodare, e farmene un nuovo podere !—Quanti l' intendono, o quanti la possono intendere? Non so: so che tu sei stato uno. Dunque lavora, chè fai sul tuo; e accresci l'entrata della padrona, agl' interessi della quale prendo una gran parte, anche per il gran bene che le ho voluto in gioventù. (A. MANZONI a G. GIUSTI.) A egregie cose il forte animo accendono Aure pregne di vita, e pe' lavacri Che da' suoi gioghi a te versa Appennino ! Di luce limpidissima i tuoi colli Per vendemmia festanti; e le convalli Popolate di case e d'oliveti Mille di fiori al ciel mandano incensi. E tu prima, Firenze, udivi il carme Che allegrò l' ira al Ghibellin fuggiasco; Che amore, in Grecia nudo e nudo in Roma, (UGO FOSCOLO, I sepolcri.) Translate into Italian : FOREIGN No nobler group of ministers ever gathered round a council board than those who gathered round the council board of Elizabeth. But she is the instrument of none. She listens, she weighs, she uses or puts by the counsels of each in turn, but her policy as a whole is her own. It was a policy, not of genius, but of good sense. Her aims were simple and obvious: to preserve her throne, to keep England out of war, to restore civil and religious order. Something of womanly caution and timidity, perhaps, backed the passionless indifference with which she set aside the larger schemes of ambition which were opening before her eyes. She was resolute in her refusal of the Low Countries. She rejected with a laugh the offers of the Protestants to make her "Head of The Religion" and "Mistress of the Seas." But her amazing success in the end sprang mainly from this wise limitation of her aims. She had a finer sense than any of her counsellors of her real resources; she knew instinctively how far she could go, and what she could do. Her cold, critical intellect was never swayed by enthusiasm or by panic, either to exaggerate or to under-estimate her risks or her power. (J. R. GREEN.) OFFICE CLERKS. May 1876. SPANISH. Time allowed, 2 hours. Translate into English: : Raudales de sangre costaron á la España muslímica las aciagas reyertas de los desmandados reyezuelos andaluces. Mientras tanto los cristianos alborozados ensanchaban sus fronteras. Alfonso V., Bermudo III. y Fernando I., llevaron sus huestes victoriosas hasta la cordillera que separa las dos Castillas, y con sus incesantes rebatos, algaras y algaradas no les dejaban un solo momento de sosiego. Por último los castellanos se apoderaron de la imperial Toledo y, como dice un célebre escritor, "apagaron la sed de sus alfanas en los aljibes y acequias de la "ciudad." Reunieronse con este motivo en la gran aljama de Cordoba los mas venerados alfaquies ulemas y walies de las provincias meridionales; turbas coléricas, excitadas por los santones, rodeaban el edificio amenazando con desaforada alharaca á los que se oponian á la venida de los feroces almoravides. Sin dejarse amedrentar por la furiosa zacapela de la alborotada chusma, el wali de Malaga exclamaba, "temo mas la "alardosa amistad del emperador marroqui con su zalameria, tretas, "ardides y zalagardas, que la jactanciosa pujanza del adalid valisole"tano con su enjambre de ginetes ojizarcos, rubios, chatos, desaseados, "agrestes y montaraces como los jabalies y demas alimañas de sus "oteros, navas, hoces, cañadas y sierras. Preferiria ver á estos últimos "coronar nuestras almenas envueltos en sus toscas zaleas, mostrar en "nuestras calles, plazas y zacatines sus andrajosos zaragüelles, tomar "posesion de nuestros alcazares, alhomas, corceles, alfombras, alhajas, "alforjas, ajuar, alhoces, villas y aldeas." Ni lejana sombra de buen gobierno hubo durante aquella privanza oprobiosa Ayo habia sido el Duque de Lerma del Rey Felipe: al tanto estaba de sus inclinaciones; y anticipándose á sus gustos le tenia como hechizado. Servida fué sucesivamente la camareria mayor de la Reina Doña Margarita, primero por su mujer, y luego por su hermana la |