THE CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA ADOPTED IN CONVENTION, AT SACRAMENTO, MARCH 3, 1879, TOGETHER WITH ALL AMENDMENTS ADOPTED TO AND INCLUDING EDITED BY EDWARD F. TREADWELL, LL. B. FOURTH EDITION CONTAINING ALL CITATIONS IN CALIFORNIA REPORTS, ALSO THE CONSTITUTION OF CALIFORNIA OF 1849, THE SAN FRANCISCO COPYRIGHT, 1902 BY BANCROFT-WHITNEY COMPANY COPYRIGHT, 1907 BY BANCROFT-WHITNEY COMPANY COPYRIGHT, 1911 BY BANCROFT-WHITNEY COMPANY COPYRIGHT, 1916 BY BANCROFT-WHITNEY COMPANY SAN FRANCISCO THE FILMER BROTHERS ELECTROTYPE COMPANY Table of California Citations to Constitution of 1849..... Table of California Citations to Constitution of 1879..... Table of United States and Federal Citations to the Constitution PREFATORY NOTE.-Owing to the numerous amendments recently adopted to the Constitution of the state, a new edition, bringing down to date both the text of the Constitution and the decisions construing its provisions, appears to be a necessity. While each election has added to it many new and radical features, many of them extremely detailed in character and partaking more the nature of legislative acts than provisions of a constitution, still the people at the last general election defeated a proposition for a constitutional convention to revise the Constitution. This attitude is largely due to the fact that the Constitution can be amended about as readily as a legislative act can be passed, and the habit of avoiding all constitutional questions by putting legislation in the form of constitutional amendments is growing at a rate calculated to alarm those who would desire to see the Constitution of the state a permanent instrument of fundamental principles and provisions. The more detailed the Constitution becomes, the more often will it require amendment, and it has already been amended over one hundred times. This condition will continue as long as legislative detail is retained in the Constitution. The present condition can only be considered transitory, and must eventually be remedied by a general revision in which all legislative matters shall be eliminated. In preparing this volume, the aim has been to present in the most convenient form the decisions of our own courts, only referring to the decisions of other courts on subjects which our own have left untouched. While the main subject is the present Constitution of this state, the book also contains the former Constitution, the Constitution of the United States, and the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Important features. Some important features of the present edition are the following: (1) A table showing all |