Σχετικά με αυτό το βιβλίο
Η βιβλιοθήκη μου
Βιβλία στο Google Play
THE FUNCTIONS OF BANKS AND THE NATURE OF BANK-NOTES:
Banks should supply only circulating, not fixed capital
Insecurity of land banks.
348
349
The public, not the banks, regulate the circulation
353
354
355
Banks compete with each other for their share of the circulation
357
Artifices adopted for this purpose
358
Difference between the large-note and small-note currency
359
PAPER MONEY, AND ITS USE AS A REVOLUTIONARY CURRENCY
373
The value of paper money regulated by its quantity
Ricardo's "Economical and Secure Currency"
Plan of gradual resumption.
389
890
391
The value of the precious metals depends on the cost of their production 393
How much the American mines increased the supply
394
The present decline but little retarded by a greater demand for money 404
No reason to dread the decline
405
Change in the relative values of gold and silver will not indicate the
The decline in the value of money favors the United States
423
CHAPTER XXIII.
EFFECT OF SPECULATION ON PRICES. THE THEORY OF A COM-
Two theories respecting a monetary crisis
"Scarcity of money" means "want of capital to lend"
Speculation does not enhance prices unnecessarily
Speculators cannot control the price of grain
Cycle of events in a commercial crisis
A fever of general speculation
Expansion of the currency not the cause of the evil
Not money, but purchases, affect prices .
Purchases can be made to any extent without money.
No limit to the expansion of credit
Extent of land speculations in the United States
No increase of the currency needed for such speculation
The currency not actually increased at such times
English examples cited to this effect
Not money, but disposable capital, is wanted
Money not needed even to effect payments
A moderate expansion of "loans and discounts" is possible
Fluctuating amount of disposable capital
Effects of the loan-market being gorged
431
432
433
434
These fluctuations independent of the currency
Other causes affect the amount of disposable capital
Effects of increased imports or diminished exports
The bank reserves deaden the shock
Money as a means of effecting exchanges
Serves also as a standard of value.
CHAPTER XXIV.
THE DOCTRINE OF INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES; THE POLICY OF
ENCOURAGING DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES BY LAYING DUTIES
ON IMPORTED GOODS.
The evils of excessive importation explained
How any country obtains pay for her exports
Advantages of interchange between nations
Illustrated by the trade with Barbadoes
Our trade with England explained
Benefits of this trade sacrificed by over-importation
Effect of removing a protective tariff
Ruinous effects of the tariff of 1846
Interchange of raw material and manufactured goods
C
451
452
458
454
455
456
457
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
More imports obtained by lessening the price of exports
All three branches of industry need development
Warning from the experience of England.
Free trade economists admit these principles.
Protection benefits agriculturists more than manufacturers
Effect of doubling the duty on imported manufactures
Prices not increased by the full amount of the duty
Compensation for slightly increased prices
How England has extended her manufactures
Free trade applicable under certain circumstances
Cost of transportation acts in favor of England
Excessive imports cause ruinous fluctuations of price
Taxes on articles bought for display cost nothing
Protective duties on them are a clear saving
Private and public interest not always identical.
The maxim, "buy at the cheapest market,” examined
Refutation of it from experience
Fallacious illustrations from extreme cases
Page
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
Nations, like individuals, must serve an apprenticeship
Patents and copyrights are protective duties
THE DISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY AS AFFECTED BY THE LAWS
REGULATING THE SUCCESSION TO THE ESTATES OF PERSONS
DECEASED
The habits of the people conform to the policy of the law
Excessive subdivision of land not to be dreaded
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
501
502
503
504
505
507
508