CLASS II.-TRANSITION ROCKS.

STRATIFIED OR NEPTUNIAN ROCKS.

ore, &c.

FORMATION OF TALCOSE AND QUARTzose Rocks, AND OF CLAY-SLATE.—
Ex.: Alps, Pyrenees, Ardennes, Brittany, Bohemia, Scotland, &c.

Mica-slate,
Talc-slate,
quartziferous,

some crystalline mi-
Chlorite-slate
Chief

nerals, magnetic iron-
quartziferous,

pretty often
rocks,
different
Quartz 5 granular,

here and

there, evi. varieties

common, denly arenaGneiss, 3 talcose, ceous or frag

granitic, mentary. some crystalline miClay-slate,

nerals, hollow-spar,
quartziferous,

(iron-pyrites, dipyre.
Whet-slate.
Flinty-slate.
Alum-slate.
Slate with black chalk or anthracite.-

N. B. Here first trace of coaly mat

Calcareous clay-slate (Alps).
Subordi-

granular (Pyrenees, Ap- ( some crystalline mi-
nate, or

pennines, Alps). nerals, hornblende,au-
short beds

subgranular (Scotland) (gite, garnet, &c.
of
Limestone, compact, with small

some crystalline mi-
sparry veins,

nerals, felspar (Coldu
brecciated (Alps, Ap-Bonhomme).
pennines).

granular.
Dolomite,

some crystalline mi

nerals, tremolite, veGypsum (Alps of Savoy, granular. suvian, &c. Pyrenees, Tarascon), compact.

N. B. Diamond geognostical position. This formation passes into the following.

Fossils very scarce.

UNSTRATIFIED CRYSTALLINE OR IGNEOUS ROCKS.
Zoophytæ, Orthocera-
tites, Crustacea, Tri- Granite porphyritics dome-like masses, bed- 2 rarely with
lobites (Brittany, La and sometimes like veins, veins, and tertiary basalt
Manche, Alps), Mo- cellular, small veins (Erzge.) Sveins (Arran),
nocotyledonous vege- graphic.

N. B. Imbedded and
tables.
with pinite.

changed slaty rock.
Sienite—imbedded masses, bed-like veins, large and small veins
Diabase (Ophite of the Pyrenees), especially in short beds

or bed-like veins, and veins.

globular imbedded masses (Island of Corsica).
Hyperstenic sienite or selagite—dome-like or imbedded

masses, (Scotland, England, Germany), and veins (Scot).

Diallage rock or Euphotide-dome-like or imbedded masses
Short beds of rocks (Appennines).

impregnated with Serpentine; -dome-like or s many, minerals imbedded, as
hornblende, actino- imbedded masses, and hornblende, augite, chromate of
lite-slate.
bed-like veins,

iron, and chrysoprase.
zil and Bavaria).
Iron-glance-slate (Bra- Augite rock,—dome-like or ( N. B. A breccia composed of gra-

cylindrical masses, and nular limestone and augite accom-
Granitic rock, with

veins (Pyren. Piedmont, Cpanies this rock (Port de L'herz).
iron-glance (Scot-
land, Vicentin). Porphyries (Syn

bed-like veins, and veins) N.B. Sometimes
Mica-slate, mixed with

Elvan, Corn

of the age of recent grey- slate altered at serpentine (Alps). wall).

wacke (Vendée, Erzgeb. the contact (TrePotstone.

Cornwall.)

bischthal). N. B. Lievrite, axinite, octahedrite, in veins in the slaty

rocks.

compact

CLASS II.-TRANSITION ROCKS.-Continued.

STRATIFIED OR NEPTUNIAN ROCKS.

UNSTRATIFIED CRYSTALLINE OR

IGNEOUS ROCKS.

GREYWACKE FORMATION.-Ex. : Hartz, Scot

land, England, Gesenke Vosges, &c.

Conglomerate.
Clay-slate.
Flinty-slate (Leadhills).
Alum-sļate (Moffat).
Anthracitiferous-slate (Vosges, Alps, Brit-

tany)

(granular (Framont, Vosges).
subgranular (Scotland).

sparry iron-
compact, with
Limestone,

ore (Styria), in part con

verted into (Hartz). brown iron

stone. Dolomite,

compact, with Encrinites.

small spar

ry veins

Terrestrial

Granite,

dome-like masses, bed-like veins (Scotland), and small
Monocotyledo-

porphyritic veins (Scotland, Norway, even in limestone containing
nous vege-

shells of this latter country). tables.

metalliferous (Zinnwald), dome-like, imbedded, or cylindrical masses,

N.B. Uppermost limit of the Topaz.
Sienite,

dome-like or imbedded masses (Scotland), veins and
Near the gra- porphyritic l small veins (Scotland, Norway).
nite or sienite,

zirconiferous, Norway, Scotland.
masses of Horn-

Diabase or greenstone.
fels or Horn-

Hyperstenic sienite or selagite . Kidney-shaped masses.
rock (IIartz,
Brittany), and Variolite,
S.W. Scotland, Euphotide, 1 dome-like or kidney-shaped masses or veins (Scotland, Py.

renees, Hartz).
of Schorliferous Serpentine,
Quartz (Hartz).
Porphyry,

N. B. Greywacke altered where in con-
dome-like or im-

tact with porphyry, and sometimes
globular,
Fishes.)

glandular, short beds, bed-
bedded masses, imbedded in porphyry, (Vorospatak,

Lapos Banya in Transylvania); grey,
earthy,

land), and veins.
like veins (Eng-wacke with bituminous wood and

auriserous-Pyrites, Vorospatak).
Trap rocks.
amygdaloidal, with epidote, quartz, and short beds (Prague), and

calcareous-spar,
Blatterstein (Rhenane, Westphalia), S veins (England).
augitic.

short beds united with the porphyry or trap
7 Porphyry-breccia, masses, or short true Neptunian beds in the slaty
Trap-breccia, rocks, and then passing into these (England,

Vosges), and sometimes shelly (Vosges).

Recent Greywacke,

Old red sandstone of England,

Scotland, and the United
States, (red sandstone of
Scotland and Norway; con-
glomerate of the Alps, the
Pyrenees, and Scotland).
Mountain limestone of England,

Scotland, and the United
States (Picardy, Marquise,
Belgium, Hartz). N. B. "Car-
bonate of barytes only here in
metalliferous veins.

The short beds of anthracite and impure coal, Pseudo

with vegetable impressions, explain the inti- volcanic mate connexion of this formation and the Rocks. Coal Measures.

Network of metalliferous veins, in stratified and unstratified

rocks; in these last, partly of contemporaneous forma-
tion ;-red manganese-ore, tellurium.-Last limit of native
gold, tin, bismuth, antimony, scheelium, arsenic ores, pharma-
colite, and auriferous-pyrites.

masses

CLASS III.-SECONDARY OR FLETZ ROCKS. STRATIFIED OR NEPTUNIAN ROCKS.

'UNSTRATIFIED CRYSTALLINE OR

IGNEOUS ROCKS.
I. FIRST FLETZ SANDSTONE FORMATION.

Abundance Porphyry de Porphyry,
of terrestrias posits begin

dome-like nasses (Sax-
1. Coal-Measures, or Coal Sandstone Deposit - Ex.: monocotyle-

with the grey

claystone-porphyry, ony), imbedded Northern Germany, Tharandt, Plauen, Wet- donous vege- wacke, and fi- compact or clink

or short beds (Scotland, N. B. Neptunian tin, Bohemia, Moravia, Fünfkirchen, Oravitza tables, some nish with the

stone-porpnyry, Silesia), veins and bed- rocks are occasion(Bannat), Galicia, Silesia, St. Etienne, Auvergne, dicotyledonous. secondary red

like veins (Scotland). ally altered where Bretagne, Belgium, England, Scotland, the Absence of sandstone or

in

contact with
United States, South America, New Holland, marine remains.

phyry,
semi-vitreous por-bed-like veins, and veins
(Arran), and imbedded

porphyry or trap; China, &c. Bcds full of This is made pitchstone-porphy

masses(Trebischthal).

for instance, coal
Sandstone

bivalve” shells, evident by the
ry,

is reduced to coke
Chief
feldspathic, &c., sometime reddish more like fresh- alternations of Trap,

( dome-like masses (Edinburgh, or graphite; sand-
rocks
(Bohemia).
water than salt- porphyry and augitic,

the Palatinate).
different

stone is indurated,
Slate-clay,

water shells.
trap rocks or

wacke, imbedded masses.-N. B. Up-
varieties

and slate-clay (some
Bituminous-slate,

feldspathic, per limit of the Peridot times with garnets,
of
Carbonate of iron,

with the arena-
earthy, and Limbilite)

as in Anglesea), inCoal,

ceous Neptu

short beds,

durated nian deposits

bed-like veins, Edinburgh
Subordi- Calcareous marl,

and veins,
nate Compact limestone,

semi-vitreous,...imbedded masses or short beds (Palatinate of the
fetid (W. borders of Rhine). ing this period.

whole period.

Rhine).
It is the only weposit which contains the true slate
and pitch caking coal in great abundance.

K Porphyry-breccia,

short beds united with the porphyry, or short
2. Secondary Red Sandstone Deposit or Todtliegendes.

fine var. Thon

true or Neptunian beds in the sand-stone, and then

passing into these Ex.: Northern Germany, Hall, Tharandt, Bo

stein,

or trap masses, and conhemia, Forez, Moulins, Bretagne, England,

Trap-breccia,

taining sometimes vegetable impressions (Upper

Saxony).
Southern Alps, Northern Alps, (Tyrol), &c.
Red sandstone (inferior red conglomerate

N. B. Great deposite of agates, and some few zeolites, as stilbite,
of the Vosges and Black Forest, of the Pseudo-vol-

and mesotype.
Thuringerwald): it does not exist on canic Rocks.
Some-

Network of metalliferous veins, and small veins; mercury,
Red Sandstone of Buckland.
divided

&c.— Last limit of cobalt-ore, and crystallised gray man-
Marly whitish sandstone (Weissliegende);
into

ganese-ore.
(Chessy copper sandstone? some geolo-
gists placet among the red marl); Rus-

sian copper sandstone; chrome oxide. The Weissliegende establish in Northern Germany'a transition between the sandstone and the zechstein (Wettin).

VOL. X.

CLASS III.-SECONDARY OR FLETZ ROCKS-Continued.

STRATIFIED OR NEPTUNIAN ROCKS.
II. FIRST Flerz LIMESTONE FORMATION.-Synon. Zechstein, Calcaire alpin

a part of the Hochbirge Kalk of Escher; the Hochgebirge Kalk of

Uttinger.

or

GERMANY.
SILESIA AND

FRANCE,

PYRENEES.
Bituminous marl-slate. POLAND.

Bituminous marl- Arenaceous grayish-
copper-slate, with Zechstein, me- slate (Autun and black limestone,
fishes, insects,

talliferous. Villefranche), with vegetable
and carpolites.

with fishes and impressions ? Zechstein, with Product

fruits.

Compact darkish
tus, falsely called

Zechstein, with bi- limestone ?
Gryphæa by

valves (Meil-
Schlotth.

lerie, near Au-
maguesian (Schwarz-

tun).
burg).
ferriferous (Eisen-
kalk) Schmalkal-
den (sparry iron-

ore).
fetid (Stinkstein).
earthy (Asche).

Cellular or earthyi
fetid

limestone? with
Rauherkalk Rauchwacke, earthy
breccia- (Glücks-
with sulphur, breccia-like

sulphur & petro

leum (St. Boess). like,

brunn. (Tarnowitz). (Rauch- Part Iohwacke), (lenkalk of

Germans. Gypsum.

Connected with the red marl by alternations and passages.

Magnesian Limestone.

UNSTRATIFIED CRYSTALLINE OR

IGNEOUS ROCKS
Marino Fossils pretty rare.—Amphibious Animals,
Insects, Algacites.- Upper limit of Productus.
NORTHERN

SOUTHERN
ENGLAND.
ALPS.

ALPS. Trap rocks,-cylindri
slaty. Magnesian lime- Compact Zechstein, cal masses (Allgau),
compact, with

stone more or without shells, of what age ?
productus less & without (Recoaro).

Datolite.
and fishes. petrifactions. Calcareous blackish Tertiary Au- veins &
globular
small granular

marls (Vicentin). gitic trap bed-like
botryoidal. compact & crack- Limestone or Doló- rocks, and veins,
ed.
nite.

Augitic traf- / (Vicen-
metalliferous.
compact and

* breccia, tin)
fetid, or with bi- cracked (Idria).
tumen (Bava-

N. B. Indurated
ria).

jaspery marl-slates
cellular (Eisen-

and limestone, near artz, Petersdorf

augitic veins, at St. Vienna).

Antonio in the Vi-
earthy.
with sulphur

centin.
breccia-like,

(Bex)? Existing, perhaps, Small network of me

in North and talliferous veins ;

South America. galena, blende, ca-
Connected by alter- lamine, and

nations with the cury (Idria). -Up-
variegated sand- permost limit of
stone (Recoaro). mercury

and of
nickel.

or

Figeac

mer

H

Imbedded, or subordinate masses

III. Second FLETZ SANDSTONE FORMATION, OR VARIEGATES OR SALIFEROUS

l'errestrial monocotyledons and dicotyledons, many marine plants. SANDSTONE.-Syn. Greshouiller, Beud., and of Boué's Mem. sur l'Allemagne ;

Molluscæ, or Zoophytæ only in the upper part (Wieliczka, Grauwacke of Alps of many geologists; Old Molasse in part, in vicinity of Alps.

Soultz in Alsace).
POLAND AND

PYRENEES AND ENGLAND | N. ALPS, CARPATHIANS, AND
GERMANY.
CARPATHIANS.

FRANCE.
SPAIN. AND IRELAND.

APPENNINES.

SOUTHERN ALPS.
Variegated sandstone (Bunter Greywacke-like Red small-grained Variegated marl, Red marl, with Marly

gray- Variegated sand-
Sandstein).

coarse Sandstone. sandstone of the

sandwith gypsum and gypsum and

fine

wacke stone. Variegated marl, with gyp- Marls, with al- Vosges, of the salt (St. Gisond, salt-beds. stone,

like Variegated indusum and salt.-N. B. Up- gacites. Aveyron, and Nor- Arragon, Castile,

(Austria, Allgau, Tri- rated marl, with permost limit of Anhy- Compact gray mandy?

and Cordona).

este, Florence, Voirons). gypsum.
drite.
limestone. Variegated marl, Compact (Dax)

Marls, with marine Calcare-
Quartzy sandstone
Arenaceous with gypsum and limestone, (in the

plants (syn. Pietra se

ous marl, (Westphalia, Saxony) limestone. salt (Alsace, Lor-Globular

upper

rena and forte of Tus- Compact Calcareous Wirtem

raine). limestone, part.

cany (Mascigno).

limemarl berg, in Calcareous marl.

Compact gray

stone,
Compact
Compact

ish or blaekish Shelly marly sand-
limestone
per part.

limestone.
in the

limestone,
Globular limestone(Rog-
Globular

Compact yel- Greywacke-like
genstein), Salzsee, in

Şupper
magnesian

lowish ruini

sandstone or conpart magnesian.

part. limestone

form lime

glomerate (AgorCompact magnesian Vic.)

stone,

do), sometimes
limestone (Coburg).

Arenaceous limestone. calcareous
Argillaceous hy- Salz-

Very coarse conglomerate, (Idria); only in
drate of iron see.

sometimes calcareous (All- the eastern part Micaceous iron- (Pyr

gau, Montserrat).

of north side of ore. mont.

Marls with gypsum and salt the Capellen Ge

N.B. Sand-
(Hasselgebirge of Salz-

birge.

stone cracked, burg, Tyrol, Transylvania;

vitrified, or with galena, iron-pyrites,

with its color
Micaceous iron-ore
micaceous iron-ore, and

changed at the
(Bastenes), in
realgar, Tyrol).

contact with
Lignite, in marl. Marly sand- Lignite, with ferns

gypsum.

Lignite in the salt and sand- Lignite very little. basalt (SaxeCrystals of stone, with (Vic, Soultz, Al- Arragonite

stones (Transylvania). Black marl, like Gotha and Viiron-pyrites traces of lig- sace).

(Bastenes).

Gypsum of Reuti, Heiligen- Salzburg Hassel- centin). Ele-
Crystals of phalia. pite. Gypsum of Decize, Iron-pyrites.

creutz, and Tuscany. gebirge (Agor- vated and al-
quartz

of the Saintonge,
Ironflint (Dax)

Crystals of quartz (Marma- do); with realgartered sand-
Crystals of boracite, in

&c.
Phosphorite &

marosh, Vascharhely, Tran- (Thal de Mona- stone by au-
gypsum.

Glauberite.
sylvania).

co).

gite-porphyry Salt-springs and salt much

Salt-springs and salt- Salt-springs an Salt-springs Salt-springs, salt disseminat- No traces of salt. (Val di Rif, disseminated in the marl. beds (Lorraine). salt-beds (Castile). and beds. ed, and in beds (Bex).

Predazzo). In all these different countries, the upper sandstones are connected with the following formation of Muschelkalk, excepting in England. This formation occurs

in Calabria, Sicily, Persia, and in North and South America.