10 quarts x 4 40 quarts Ans. 40 quarts. 3. A man earns $2 each day for 6 days. How much does he earn? $2 × 6 $12 Ans. $ 12. 4. In selling some cloth, a man measures off 1 yard 18 times. How much cloth does he measure? 5. A surveyor uses a tape 100 feet long to measure the length of a field. He uses the measure 15 times. How long is the field? 6. A man pays 3 $5 bills for an overcoat. What did the coat cost? 49. The numbers in multiplication have names, as follows: $5 multiplicand × 3 multiplier $ 15 product 1. The multiplicand is the unit of measure. 2. The product is the same kind as the multiplicand. 3. The multiplier is always an abstract number. APPLICATION OF MULTIPLICATION 50. 1. What will 9 pairs of shoes cost at $3.50 a pair? 2. A carpenter earns $24 a week. How much will he earn in 5 weeks? How many 3. There are 5280 feet in one mile. How feet in 8 miles? 4. Find the cost of 24 pounds of butter at 32¢ a pound. $.32 × 24 128 Multiply by each figure of the multiplier separately. Write the first figure obtained as a part of the product directly under the figure of the multiplier which you are $7.68 using. Add the partial products for the complete product. 64 5. Find the cost of 165 acres of land at $175 an acre. (The unit of measure is $175, which is repeated 165 times.) 6. Find the cost of 75 pounds of butter at 36¢ a pound. (The unit of measure is 36¢. The multiplier is 75, an abstract number.) 7. Find the cost of 320 sheep at $3 each. $3 In the solution of problems, it is better x 320 first to determine the terms of the answer, $960 and then make the computations in abstract form, to answer the question, “how many?" For example: 320 × 3 960 Question. How many $- ? 8. There are 3 feet in one yard. How many feet in 1760 yards? 1760 acre. × 3 5280 Question. feet? 5280 feet. 9. Find the cost of 300 acres of land at $75 an 10. Find the cost of 800 pounds of butter at 32¢ a pound. 11. Find the cost of 300 pounds of cheese at $.16 a pound. 12. Find the cost of 1000 bushels of potatoes at $.55 a bushel. 13. Find the cost of 2000 bushels of wheat at $1.12 a bushel. MULTIPLICATION OF DECIMALS 51. 1. The process of multiplication of decimals is the same as that of the multiplication of whole numbers. The pointing off of the decimal places in the product is the only matter requiring special attention. 2. Study the following exercises and see if you can determine how the pointing off of the product 3. To multiply where there are decimal places in one or both factors. Multiply as in whole numbers and point off as many decimal places in the product as there are decimal places in both factors. 4. Find the cost of 14.25 pounds of cheese at $.16 a pound. If you have any trouble with the tables of multiplication, study the following combinations carefully, reading them both ways. are 6, and 3 2's are 6. 2 Read 2 3's 3 15. Cost of 3.125 acres at $80 an acre? 16. Total cost of 14 pounds at $.75; 8 bushels at $1.25; 15 pounds at $.32; 1.45 bushels at $1.50? REVIEW OF ADDITION, SUBTRACTION, AND MULTIPLICATION 54. 1. Bought 4 lb. butter at 35; 12 lb. sugar Gave the clerk $5. How much change at 6.5. should I receive? 2. A man sold 150 bu. of bushel and bought a plow for money had he left? potatoes at 75% a $15. How much 3. A man having 150 sheep sold 40 of them at $5 a head; 60 of them at $5.50 a head, and the remainder at $4.75 a head. How much did he receive for all of the sheep? |