Put each of these exclamations into the form of a request to see, notice, think, or something of that sort: How the thunder roars! What a commotion it makes! What a strange ship that is! How it pitches! How you behave! EXERCISE 7. 1. Which of these exclamations are sentences? To what class does each sentence belong? 1. There they go! 2. A fine day! 3. Hear the wind! 4. See the snow! 2. What does "imperative" mean? TEST QUESTIONS. 7. Wait a moment! 8. Who would care! 9. We are ready! 1. Do we ever have thoughts without expressing them? 2. How can we express them except by words? 3. Have you seen in books any words that you never use? 4. Does it make any difference in what order we say our words? 5. How do we use sentences except to ask questions? 6. If a group of words is properly arranged, is it always a sentence? 7. How can you decide whether a group of words is a sentence or not? 8. What do we call sentences that give commands? 9. Those that ask questions? 10. Those that make statements? 11. Give an example of each kind. 12. When are a person's sentences likely to be exclamatory? 13. Read § 6, and tell, in your own words, how to become skilful in the use of language. 14. Read § 7, and then mention as many things as you can think of that may be learned about language. CAPITALS AND PUNCTUATION. 21. When speaking, we ought to vary our tones and the length of our pauses, so as to make our sentences as expressive as possible. So in writing, we should always make our meaning as clear as we can, by using capital CAPITALS AND PUNCTUATION. 11 letters in the proper places, and by dividing our sentences with marks of punctuation. The following rules show us how to begin and end our sentences: 22. Every sentence must begin with a capital letter. 23. An assertive or an imperative sentence must be followed by a period [.]. 24. An interrogative sentence must be followed by a question-mark [?]. 25. But a sentence of any sort that is also exclamatory, should be followed by an exclamation-point [!]. EXERCISE 8. Copy these sentences, using capitals and marks of punctuation where they belong: there was a storm of sleet and snow yesterday cold the night was very is the road on the hill smooth enough for coasting bring your sleds we will go to see let the wind blow are you well protected shall we run to keep warm here we are at last of this couldn't I steer the double-runner across the creek this is a fine coast what do you think see us go to the bridge give us a good start look out for the old stump we came down in less than half a minute shall we try it again EXERCISE 9. 1. Write the following sentences, using capitals, commas, and other marks of punctuation in their proper places. [See Pt. I., §§ 1-5.] there children we want you to go picnicking with us this afternoon you are to go home now ask leave to come to the pine grove toward germantown make haste do you think margie will consent are nine of us going henry will you bring a hook and line we will have you ever caught butterflies with a net boys do you not think it is cruel sport ellen will you be cook all can you walk all the way from home get the bait tell ned meet at the bridge at one we be 2. Read the five assertive sentences. Read the six that are interrogative. The six that are imperative. 3. What is the rule for using the comma in these sentences? EXERCISE 10. 1. Write one assertive sentence about coal; one about charcoal; and one about coke. 2. Write an interrogative sentence about wool, cotton, or flax, using your teacher's name. 3. Write an imperative sentence addressed to a well-trained dog. To a stage-driver. To an army. 4. State a fact about the telescope. 5. Write a question to a friend about his health. 6. Make an order asking the grocer to send you something. 7. Write three assertive sentences about photographs. 8. Make an assertion about London. 9. Change this assertion to a question. 10. Address a question to a classmate about the equator. 11. Write what his answer might be. EXERCISE II. Use the following words correctly in sentences, so as to make four of each kind: 1. Do the tones in which people speak ever help you to understand them? 2. In speaking, how do we show where our sentences end? 3. How is it in writing? 4. Mention two uses of capital letters. 5. Make a sentence that would need an exclamation-point after it. 6. Give three rules for punctuation. 7. In spelling, what is a syllable made up of? 8. Syllables are parts of what? 9. What is a group of words that makes a statement? 10. What would you call a number of sentences on one topic? CHAPTER III. SUBJECT AND PREDICATE. A. THE SUBJECT. 26. Every assertive sentence must of course be an assertion about something. Whenever we make a statement, we say that something is or does so and so. EXERCISE 12. Read each sentence, and say what the statement is about. 27. The part of the sentence that signifies what we speak of is called the subject. Thus, in the sentence Bees hum, we speak of bees, and the word bees is the subject. EXERCISE 13. What is the subject in the following sentences? Give your reason thus: "Horses neigh." In this sentence the word "horses" is the subject, because it represents that about which something is said. 28. In the following sentences the same statement is made about four different things:: Butterflies find honey in flowers. Honey-bees find honey in flowers. Burly bumble-bees find honey in flowers. Read the subject of each one, and tell how many words are used in forming it. EXERCISE 14. What is the whole subject in each sentence? Give your reason thus: "The deep blue sea flows round the world." In this sentence the words "The deep blue sea are the subject, for they represent that of which something is said. 1. The ocean is bitter and salt. 4. Several whales were spouting. 6. What sign of life was there? 7. A polar bear could be seen 10. D is the first letter of danger 29. The Subject represents that about which something is said. B. THE PREDICATE. 30. In every assertive sentence something is said about one thing or another. EXERCISE 15. What is said of the objects named in each of these sentences? |