13. A drover bought 50 sheep for 120 dollars; he sold 20 of them at 5 dollars a head and the rest at 4 dollars a head. How much did he gain?

14. I bought 4 quarts of milk at 8 cents a quart and 4 pounds of biscuits at 10 cents a pound. If I gave a dollar note in payment, how much should I receive back?

15. In an orchard are 26 peach-trees and 6 times as many apple-trees as peach-trees. How many trees in the orchard?

16. At 4.5 cents a pound, what will 320 pounds of sugar cost?

17. If 20 pennyweight make an ounce, what will a 2-ounce gold chain cost at $1.25 a pennyweight?

18. How much are 5 loads of flour worth, each load containing 12 barrels, at $6.00 a barrel?

19. A farmer's wife took to a store 6 pounds of butter at 30 cents a pound and bought 15 yards of calico at 10 cents a yard. Find the balance due her?

20. Mr. Green owns three houses; the first is worth $12,000, the second is worth twice as much as the first, and the third as much as both the first and second. How much is each house worth, and how much are they all together worth?

WRITTEN REVIEW.

1. Add 6 thousand 4 hundred 80, 4 thousand 4, 8 thousand 7, 8 hundred 89, 54 hundred 11.

2. A windmill pumps into a tank 25 gallons of water in an hour. After pumping 13 hours, how much does the tank, holding 500 gallons, lack of being filled?

3. A merchant bought 240 barrels of flour for $1920 and sold it at $10.50 a barrel. What did he gain?

4. Which cost the more and how much,-48 horses at $173.40 each or 1130 sheep at $4.60 a head?

5. If 169 tons of steel rails are required for a mile of railroad, how many tons are required for 449 miles?

6. A farmer bought 40 sheep at $7.00 each, 40 cows at $30 per head, and 4 horses at $200 each; he sold them all for $3000. How much did he gain?

7. What cost 37,560 tons of iron at $57 per ton?

8. What cost 293 barrels of flour at $7 per barrel, and 729 barrels at $8 per barrel?

9. Of a mill worth $78,000, B. owned $2365, C. owned $3600, and A. owned the remainder. What was A.'s share worth?

10. I paid $65 for a harness, $147 for a carriage, and for a horse as much as for the carriage and harness. What was the cost of all?

11. What is the difference between a million and a thousand?

12. What is the difference between a hundred million and a hundred thousand?

13. 25 masons earn $13 each and 20 laborers $8 each per week. How many dollars do they all earn in 12 weeks? 14. How many days in a year? If a man's income is $3000 a year and his daily expenses average $7.68, what does he save in a year?

15. A merchant bought a piece of broadcloth containing 56 yards for $133, and sold it at $3.00 a yard. How much did he make.

16. A gentleman paid $2500 for a driving team and

carriage, the team cost $380 more than the carriage. What was the value of the horses?

17. A speculator bought 140 acres of land for $7560 and sold 86 acres of it at $75 an acre, and the remainder at cost. How much did he make?

18. Find the cost in dollars and cents of 208 pounds of coffee at 28 cents per pound.

19. An orchard has 16 rows of apple-trees, and each row has 27 trees in it. If 30 bushels are gathered from each tree, how many bushels will the orchard produce?

20. Two men are 950 miles apart; they travel towards each other, one at the rate of 30 miles per day, and the other at the rate of 42 miles. At the end of 8 days, how far will they be apart?

21. A merchant's profits from his business were $8695. If he paid $869 for house rent, and three times as much for other expenses, how much did he save?

22. A drover bought 106 oxen, at $35 a head; it cost him $6 a head to get them to market, where he sold them at $47. Did he gain or lose, and how much?

23. A flour merchant bought 936 barrels of flour at $9 a barrel. He sold 480 of them at $9.50 a barrel, and the remainder at $8.50. What was the profit or the loss to him?

24. Two vessels start from the same port, and travel in opposite directions—one at the rate of 75 miles a day, the other at the rate of 85 miles a day. How far apart will they be at the end of 15 days?

25. Find the value of:

1. 99 x 8 51 x 107 x 104 + 26.

×

Suggestion: Multiply before adding or subtracting.

2. 56 +17 +13 × 4 - 5 × 15 + 8 × 81.

3. 3976 × 23 + 3456 × 25

2879 X 34.

4. $10.11 X 924 $10.10 x 777 + $2.48 × 123.

DIVISION.

INDUCTIVE STEPS.

1. Since 2 + 2 or two times 2

=

4, how many 2's are

there in 4?

2. Since 3+3 +3 or three times 39, how many 3's are there in 9?

3. How many 4's are there in eight? In 12? In 20? 4. Then 4 is contained how many times in 8? In 12? In 20?

5. How many times is:

1. $3 contained in $6? $4 contained in $12? $5

in $20?

2. 6 books contained in 18 books? 7 gallons con

tained in 21 gallons?

The process by which we determine that 7 is contained in 21 three times is called Dividing.

6. Divide:

1. 10 quarts by 2 quarts.

2. 18 horses by 3 horses.

10 quarts by 5 quarts.

30 men by 10 men.

3. 45 pounds by 9 pounds. 12 weeks by 6 weeks.

DEFINITIONS.

1. Division is the process of finding how many times one number is contained in another, or of finding one of the equal parts into which a number is to be separated.

The latter part of this definition is discussed on page 115, under the head of Equal Parts.

2. The Dividend is the number to be divided.

3. The Divisor is the number used in effecting a division.

4. The Quotient is the result of a division, and answers the question, How many times? or, What is one of the equal parts?

5. The Remainder is the part of the dividend left after an incomplete division.

6. The Signs of division are ÷, is read "divided by."

and). Each one

7. The dividend is placed: On the left of, as in 12

Each of these equations is read, "12 divided by 4 equals 3."

Equal Parts.

1. When anything is divided into two equal parts, is not each part called one-half of that thing?

2. What is one-half of 4? Of 8? Of 10? Of 12? 3. Write the division of 4, 8, 10, and 12 by 2 in each of the ways explained in 7.

4. When anything is divided into 3 equal parts, can you tell what each part is called?

5. What is one-third of 6? Of 9? Of 12? Of 15? 6. By means of signs express the division of 6, 9, 12, and 15, by 3.

7. We see that the divisor gives the name to the equal parts.