WRITTEN EXERCISES. 1. Divide by 5. Process. If 1 or but 1 of 1, 11 of First Explanation. is the dividend; the divisor, and the quotient is to be found. be divided by the quotient is. But the dividend is not 1, and therefore the quotient required is }} of 7. Observe that in the divisor 12 × 5 appears in inverted form, which is called the Reciprocal of 4. The process may also be explained as follows: Second Explanation. X According to the principle, "Multiplying the denominator divides the fraction,' we have 11 ÷ 5 = 12x 5. Here 5, the numerator of the fraction, is used as a divisor. But means 5 divided by 7. Therefore, the divisor, 5, is seven times as large as it should be, and the quotient obtained by dividing by 5 is only one-seventh as large as the true quotient; hence, we must multiply by 7. 11 11 X 7 X 7 = 12 X 5 Here, again, you will observe that in 117, the divisor appears in inverted form 7. Third Explanation. 12 X 59 Again, both dividend and divisor may be reduced to a common denominator and the division be performed thus: 11/11 ÷ 5 = 37 ÷ 84 = 77 = 117, quotient. From the foregoing we derive the following Reduce dividend and divisor to common denominator, and then divide the numerator of the dividend by the numerator of the divisor. 1. 4 and 3 reduced becomes and 13. 2. Inverting divisor, cancelling, and multiplying, 5. Divide: 325 1. 3 of 4 by 2 of 21. 2. 1 of 12 by 7 of 18. 1. I paid $12 for baseballs, at of a dollar each. many did I buy? How 2. At of a dollar a pound, how much butter can be bought for 1 of a dollar? 3. If a man pays $13 per day for his board, for how long a time will $25 pay for his board? 4. How many times can a jar holding gallon be filled from another jar containing gallon? of of a of 3 5. At $3 a cord, how many cords of wood can be bought for $40? 6. At $ a pound, how many pounds of butter will $110 buy? 7. At $6 a bushel, how many bushels of clover-seed can be bought for $403? 8. How many books, at $3 per volume, can be purchased for $31 ? 16 9. If of an acre of land is worth $233, what is one acre worth? 10. How many sheep must I sell at $34 a head to obtain $169? 11. If a yard of silk costs $24, how many yards can be bought for $18? 12. If a man earns $13 a day, in how many days will he earn $121? 13. I paid $38 for 67 yards of cloth. price per yard? What was the 14. How many pounds of butter, at 32 cents a pound, must be given for 37 pounds of sugar, at 6 cents a pound? 15. By what must 2÷ 31 be multiplied to give the product 1? 16. If a man travel 284 miles in one day, how many days will it take him to travel 1772 miles? 17. 4535 X 113 what? = 1. 24 is dividend, 6 divisor. 2. Reducing the mixed numbers, inverting the divisor, and multiplying, we have 35 124. |