Prop. VII. Given the course of exchange between Great Britain and any place which gives a variable sum of money, more than 100l. for 100l. sterling, to change any quantity of the currency of that place into sterling money.

Rule. As 1007. with the course of exchange per cent. added to it, is to 1007. so is the given currency to the sterling required.

OF THE GAIN OR LOSS PER CENT BY THE RISING OR FALLING OF THE COURSE OF EXCHANGE.

Prop. VIII. To determine the gain or loss per cent. by the different courses of exchange with places that exchange by the pound sterling, or with places that exchange for a variable number of pence sterling.

Rule. If the gain or loss per cent. be considered with respect to the par of exchange, say, As the par of exchange is to 100l. so is the given course of exchange to a fourth number; which, if greater than 1007. the excess will be the gain; but, if less than 1007. the defect will be the loss per cent.-But, if the gain or loss per cent. be considered with respect to any other course of exchange, say, As the given course of exchange is to 1007. so is the proposed course of exchange to a fourth number; which, if greater than 100l. the excess will be the gain; but, if less than 100%. the defect will be the loss per cent.

See Prop. 2. in Loss and Gain.

Examples to Proposition I. (Tables VIII. and XV.)

(1.) A merchant at Amsterdam is possessed of 3750 guilders 10 stivers currency, which he wishes to turn into bank money, the agio at 43 per cent., what will be the value in guilders bank?

104: 100 :: 5750g. 10s.: 3593g. 5s. 1311 pen. answer.

(2.) If the agio between the current and bank-money of Holland be 43 per cent., how many guilders current will be equal to 3593 guilders 5 stivers 131 pennings. bank?

100 104: 3593g. 5s. 13119p.: 3750g. 10s. answer.

(3.) Change 577 guilders 14 stivers current money into --florins bank, agio 54 per cent.

(4.) Change 765 guilders 9 stivers bank into current, agio 5 per cent.

(5.) In 7570 guilders 15 stivers current, how many rix-dollars bank, agio 47 per cent. ?

(6.) If the agio between the current and bank-money of Holland be 25 per cent., how many pounds Flemish bank will be equal to 7971. Flemish current ?

(7.) The agio of Venice is 20 per cent., how much current money of Venice will be equal to 790 ducats bank.

Examples to Prop. II. (Table V.)

(8.) In 1271. 3s. 4d. sterling, how many Hamburgh marcs, &c. exchange at 32 shillings 4 grots Flemish per £. sterling?

£1

32s. 4gr. :: £127 3s. 4d.: 49340 grots Flemish=24670 shil. lub. 4 fen.-1541 marcs 14 sols lub. 4 fen.

(9.) How many Hamburgh marcs are contained in 44517. 158. sterling, exchange at 34% shillings Flemish per £. sterling?

(10.) In 475l. 18s. sterling, how many marcs, &c. exchange at 36s. 6d. Flemish per £. sterling?

(11.) In 7497. 14s. sterling, how many marcs bank, exchange at 35 shill. 1 grot Flemish per £. sterling?

(12.) In 754l. 18s. 9d. sterling, how many rix-dollars current, exchange at 34 shill. 94 grots Flemish per £. sterling, agio 18 per cent. ?*

(Table VIII.)

(13.) If I pay 7571. 18s. 7d. in London, what must I draw my bill for on Amsterdam, exchange at 17. 15s. Id. Flemish per f. sterling?

(14.) If I pay in London 7541. 11s. 9d. sterling, how many guilders, &c. may I draw for at Amsterdam, exchange at 34 shill. 4 grots per £. sterling?

The agio is never less than 18 per cent, and varies from 18 to 23 and 24 per cent.

(15.) In 4797. 14s. sterling, how many rix-dollars current, agio 4g, and exchange at 34s. 71d. per £. sterling?

(Table II.)

(16.) In 547/. 198. 10d, sterling, how many copper dollars of Sweden, exchange at 47 copper dollars per £. sterling.

(17.) In 37491. 14s. 10дd. how many dollars, &c., exchange at 48 copper dollars per £. sterling.

Examples to Prop. III. (Table V.)

(18.) Reduce 1541 marcs, 14 sols lub. 4 fen. bankmoney of Hamburgh into sterling, exchange at 323 sols gros, or shillings Flemish, per £. sterling?

32 sols gr.: 1. :: 1541m. 14s. l. 4f.: 127l, 3s. 4d. answer. (19.) In 1788 rix-dollars 21 sols lub. how many pounds sterling, exchange at 34 sols gros per £. sterling?

(20.) In 747 rix-dol. 2 marcs, 14 sols lub. how many £. sterling, exchange at 32s. 6d. Flemish per £. sterling? (21.) In 743 rix dollars 4 sols gros, agio 183 per cent. exchange at 338. 9d. Flemish per £. sterling, how many £. sterling?

(22.) In 1749 marcs 13 sols lub. current, agio 223 per cent. and 948 marcs 2 sols gros, agio 20 per cent. exchange at 35s. 8d. Flemish per . sterling, how many £. sterling?

(Table VIII.)

(23.) Remitted from Amsterdam to London a bill of 17477. 14s. 7d. Flemish, how many pounds sterling is the sum, exchange at 34s. 7d. Flemish per £. sterling?

(24.) What must I draw for at London if I pay at Rotterdam 7495 guild. 14 stiv. current, agio 53 per cent. exchange at 34 shill. 4 grots per £. sterling?

(25.) A merchant remits a bill of exchange from Antwerp to England, when the course is 348. 3d. Required the value of 774l. 18s. Flemish at that rate in London?

(Table II.)

(26.) In 7123 copper dollars, 14 runstics, how many pounds sterling, exchange at 48 copper dollars per £. sterling?

(27.) In 5749 silver doll. 1 copper doll. 2 copper marks, 3 runstics, how many £. sterling?—Exchange at 49 copper dollars per £. sterling?

Examples to Prop. IV. (Table 1.)

(28.) In 7477. 18s. 10d. sterling, how many rix-dollars of Denmark, exchange at 47d. sterling per rix-dollar? 47d. : 1 rix-dol. :: 7471. 18s. 10d.: 3819 rix-dol. 1 marc. 10 skillings.

(29.) In 7497. 16s. sterling, how many rix-dollars, &c. exchange at 49 d. sterling per rix-dollar?

(Table III.)

(30.) In 7574/. 198. sterling, how many Russian roubles, &c., exchange at 4s. 7d. sterling per rouble? (31.) In 574. 18s. sterling, &c. how many roubles, exchange at 4s. 9§d. per rouble?

Examples to Prop. V. (Table I.)

(32.) In 3819 rix-dollars, 1 marc, 102 skillings of Denmark, how much sterling money, exchange at 47d. sterling per rix-dollar?

1 rix-dol. 47d. :: 3819 rix-dol, 1 marc 1029 skill: £747 18 10 (33.) In 9751 rix-dol. 4 m, 3 skil. how much sterling, exchange at 484d. sterling per rix-dollar?

(Table III.)

(34.) In 7454 roub. 4 griv. 6 cop. how many £. sterling, exchange at 4s. 9d. per rouble?

(35.) In 7479 roubles, how much sterling, exchange at 4s. 7 d. per rouble?

In the following examples, the rules belonging to the propositions hitherto made use of, are to be used occasionally.

(36.) In 4759 roub. 44 cop., exchange at 124 copecs per rix-dollar current at Amsterdam, agio 31⁄2 per cent., how much sterling money?-the exchange between Amsterdam and London being 34s. 6d. Flemish per £. sterling.

(37.) Remitted from London to Petersburg, by the way of Amsterdam, 495l. 17s. 6d. sterling, the exchange between London and Amsterdam being 34s. 8d. per £. sterling, and between Amsterdam and Petersburg 52 stivers per rouble; what is the value of this remittance in roubles, &c.?

(38.) Received from Archangel, per bill of exchange, 7437 roub. 5 griv. 24 cop. exchange at 121 copecs per rix-dollar current of Amsterdam, agio 33 per cent., and 34s. 7d. Flemish per . sterling; what is the value of this bill?

(Tables IV. and VIII.)

(39.) In 7947 florins of Dantzic, exchange at 270 groshen per £. Flemish, and 33s. 5d. Flemish per £. sterling, how much sterling money?

(40.) In 749/. 17s. 6d. sterling, how many rix-dollars, &c., exchange at 274 groshen per . Flemish, and 34s. 8d. per £. sterling?

(41.) In 4795 flor. 24 groshen, how many pounds sterling, exchange at 273 groshen per . Flemish current, agio 3 per hundred guilders, and 338. 7d. Flemish per 6. sterling?

(Table IX.)

(42.) In 636 livres Tournois, 3 sols, 9 deniers, how many £. sterling, exchange at 23 francs 96 cents* per £. sterling?

(43.) Bought wine of a merchant at Bordeaux to the amount of 57475 livres 6 sols; for what sterling money must the merchant draw his bill, exchange at 24 livres 14 sols per £. sterling?

* London formerly exchanged with Paris by giving an uncertain number of shillings and pence for the ecu of 3 livres. The livre is still retained in Lloyd's List; but the French generally reckon in franes and cents.