latter, and remonstrate with them for their proceedings, but ill health disqualified me. The small room which I occupied at Jerusalem has many times been sprinkled with the tears of the oppressed, imploring me to take their part. Oppression is confined to the followers of the Talmud; among the German Jews, but more especially those of Prussia Proper, who are not deluded by the Talmud, no oppression exists, and this difference holds true everywhere. The evil influence which the Talmud exerts over the mind and heart, can only be known by those who have been under the tuition of its precepts, and have been rescued from its corruptions by the light and spirit of the gospel. Its degenerating iufluence is the sole cause of the degradation of my nation. It not only corrupts the heart, but it subverts the word of God, which would otherwise make them wise unto salvation. It is a poisonous plant, which destroys all who partake of it; so that I cannot but compare them to the valley of dry bones described by Ezekiel.

I shall mention one more point only, and then close my subject, though much remains to be told. I would briefly remark, that the Judaism of the present day is mostly the offspring of pure Talmudical abominations. That which is derived from the Bible, is either added to or diminished by the Talmud, which is directly at variance with the command in Deut. 4: 2, "Ye shall not add unto the word which I commanded you, neither shall ye diminish aught from it." I have alluded to the ordinance of circumcision: to this the Talmud by a direct injunction has added another called

, which is the tearing of the fore-skin with the forefingers, which causes the most excruciating pain to infants sometimes for weeks and months, and many die in consequence of it. The Talmudists have the audacity to assert that circumcision without is useless. This assumption is found in the Gammarah Sabbath, section 13. In the

Rabbi רבי אליעזר אומר מל ולא פרע כאילו לא מל following words

Eliezer said, circumcision without the practice of is as if no circumcision took place. By taking this ceremony as a specimen' of the perversions which accompany all the observances which are drawn from the Bible, we shall find, as I have before remarked, that these are blended with or absorbed by the Talmudical.

The more I become acquainted with the actual condition

of Judaisin, the more I am convinced that much can be done among the Jews by missionary efforts, and particularly by those who are of their own nation; not only by preaching the gospel, but arguing against that which they call the religion of the Bible, and also by example.

The reason of my undertaking this representation of the actual state of Judaism, which has been a difficult task for me to persevere in, in my evidently declining state of health, is that my dear parents may know their condition, and that the pity which ought to be felt for them should go into more active operation, notwithstanding past discouragements.*

* On a review of this whole article, and a comparison of Mr. Calman's statements with those of Mr. Herschell, we apprehend it may leave upon the mind of the reader some wrong impressions as to the state of the Jewish religion in many of the countries where Jews reside. It is plain that the object of Mr. Calman is to show the defects and perversions of Judaism which prevail to a greater or less extent in most countries, for the purpose of exciting Christian sympathy in behalf of the deluded disciples of the Talmud, rather than to give a full account of the system. And many of the things here stated may be rationally accounted for, if considered in connection with their producing causes. They are the results of a blind and fanatical devotion to the senseless interpretations of the Talmud. The Jews who visit and reside in Palestine, are almost universally of this superstitious or fanatical class. Such, too, we are assured, is generally the character of the Jews of Poland and Hungary, at the present day, while_the great majority of the Jews in Germany, Holland, France, England and America, pay less attention to the instructions of the Talmud, and conform, in their religious observances, to the teachings of the Old Testament Scriptures. These are characterized by few of the extravagances described by Mr. C.

It is worthy of remark, that, in the countries last named, the advances made among the Jews in the education of their Rabbies, and the instruction of their people in useful trades, since the commencement of the present century, have wrought a great improvement in the state of the Jews. In former times the Rabbies were educated only in the Talmud, and were almost universally unable to write or even to read in their mother tongue. This is still the case generally in Pal

Let those be discouraged with the slow progress which the gospel has made among this people, who overlook the promise that "at the name of Jesus every knee shall bow." Let them tremble who go forth to fight the Lord's battles, and imagine that missionary labor may be unaccompanied by prayer and faith.

Spare not your prayers for the East, either for Jews or nominal Christians. The latter are in a most deplorable state, having lost the spirit of genuine Christianity, and substituted superstition in its place. The salt has lost its savor, and is good for nothing but to be trodden under foot, which is done by Jews and Mohammedans, who look with utter contempt upon the Christianity with which they are acquainted.

May the Lord soon break the chains of superstition and terror, and free their captives, that the Church may again triumph in her Redeemer.

estine, Poland, and Hungary, and will well account for the ignorance and fanaticism which prevail among the Jewish people in those countries. But in Germany, Holland, etc. the Rabbies are required by the government to be liberally educated, and in the most important places the services of the synagogue are frequently performed in the vernacular tongue. In Prague, Berlin, Hamburg, and Vienna, the synagogues are furnished with organs, and hymns are sung and sermons preached in the language of the country. The modern systems of popular education in Europe have also embraced the children of the Jews, and are accomplishing a great improvement in the intellectual state of that peculiar people.-EDITOR.

ARTICLE X.

66

A BRIEF REPLY to the “Remarks" of ALEXANDER CAMPBELL IN Defence of the DOCTRINES OF "CampbellISM :" Am. Bib. Repository for April, 1840, Vol. III. p. 469, seq.

By Rev. R. W. Landis.

To the Editor of the Am. Bib. Repository:

REV. AND DEAR SIR:

THERE are a few things in the article of Mr. Campbell, recently published in the Repository, which seem to require a brief notice from me.

In your notes upon his "Remarks" you have said almost every thing that was necessary to be said. And I only regret that the exceedingly unfair dealing of Mr. C. has rendered it necessary to occupy so much space of your valuable Repository with a discussion like the present. But that great good has already resulted from this discussion, both in England and in our Western States, I am happy to learn; and this reflection may perhaps reconcile those of your readers, not immediately interested in its details, to its continuance through a few pages more.*

Since I have learned that Mr. C. charged me with misrepresentation, I have given my authorities a patient and careful examination; and am fully prepared to sustain every proposition asserted in my essay, in respect to the distin

* In respect to the occasion of my furnishing the original Essay which was published in the Repository for January and April, 1839, you appear, yourself, to labor under a slight misapprehension. [See your letter to Mr. Campbell, Bib. Repos. April, 1840, p. 470.] My proposal to write for your work was as follows:-I named to you eight or nine different subjects, upon either of which I was willing to furnish an article. Campbellism was the subject selected by yourself, as the most interesting and important, and was accordingly made choice of by me. Hence I could not have had personal resentment to gratify, as Mr. C. has alleged.

guishing views of Mr. C. and his followers. The treatment which I have received from Mr. Campbell in his "Millennial Harbinger," where he has exhausted the vocabulary of coarse invective, was not unexpected by me, when 1 undertook the exposure of his system. Pulchrum est accusari ab accusandis. But with his epithets and personalities I have nothing to do. There are not a few instances in his "Remarks" (besides what you have in your notes pointed out) of a characteristic want of candor; especially those pertaining to the title-page and various editions of his New Testament. These, and whatever else may require to be noticed, shall be attended to in their order.

The first matter in his "Remarks" which demands attention, is on p. 476. Mr. C. speaking of my essay, says, "His chapters are four: 1st, On Faith; 2d, The Doctrines of Campbellism on Regeneration; 3d, Unitarianism of the Campbellites; 4th, The translation of the N. T. adopted by the Campbellites." Here we have, in a small matter, a proof of Mr. C.'s ability to evade a point. My essay is divided into four chapters, it is true. But he has divided the first into two; and dropped all mention of the second; that he need say nothing in answer to the important statements there made. See also p. 502. He has not in all his " Remarks" even referred to that chapter; though he professes to give" an accurate and true representation of his views" in all those points upon which he has been assailed, on the pages of the Repository. See p. 476.

Immediately after this (p. 476-480,) follow his views of faith. In respect to all the really important statements of my essay here quoted by Mr. C. on this point, he employs the following language. "We do indeed plead guilty of this charge. It is a true bill." "Very good." "To this I fully subscribe; and the person that does not, has need to examine himself," etc. And he enters upon a long defence of his views as exhibited in my quotations. The reader will please to notice this. Is it not strange that Mr. C. should employ so many pages in justifying the views which I charged upon him, and then complain that he had not sufficient space to notice all my "slanders, misrepresentations," etc.?

On page 478, there is another exhibition of the arts of controversy. He says, "Mr. L. has imposed upon his readers by putting into my mouth words which I never uttered,