MULTIPLICATION. 151. Multiply 11 bu. 3 pk. 2 qt. by 7. 11 bu. 3 pk. 2 qt. 7 82 bu. 2 pk. 6 qt. = We write the 6 qt. un and reserve the 1 pk. to add to the 7 times 3 pk. 7 times 3 pk. = 21 pk., which plus the 1 pk. reserved = 22 pk. 5 bu. and 2 pk. We write the 2 pk. under the pecks, and reserve the 5 bu. to add to the 7 times 11 bu. 7 times 11 bu. = 77 bu., which plus the 5 bu. reserved Ans. 82 bu. 2 pk. 6 qt. 152. Multiply 17 wk. 4 d. 23 h. 47 min. by 8. 153. Multiply 3 mi. 40 rd. 4 yd. 2 ft. by 12. 82 bu. 154. If 1 load of hay weighs 1 T. 3 cwt. 17 lb., what will 9 loads weigh? 155. How much land in 14 farms of 25 A. 60 sq. rd. 21 sq. yd. each? 156. If the moon moves in her orbit 13° 11′ 35′′ in 1 day, how far will she move in 20 days? 158. Divide 139 wk. 6 d. 10 h. 16 min. by 8. 159. Divide 40 mi. 210 rd. 5 yd. 2 ft. by 12. 160 If 12 spoons weigh 3 lb. 10 oz. 11 pwt., what is the weight of each spoon? 161. What is the daily motion of the moon, if it moves 197° 38′ 45′′ in 15 days? 162. A planter has 1534 gal. 1 qt. 1 pt. of molasses, which he wishes to put into 25 equal casks. What must be the least capacity of each cask to exactly receive the molasses? MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES. 163. How many inches in 18 rd. 5 yd. 2 ft. 11 in. ? 164. What will 5 T. 17 cwt. 25 lb. of iron cost at 3 cents a pound? 165. At 3 cents a pound, how many tons of iron can be bought for $396.18? 166. What fraction of a common year is of a day? 167. In one barge there are 50 T. 5 ctl. 75 lb., and in another 47 T. 17 ctl. 35 lb. How many tons in both barges? 168. Two boats start in a race, and one of them gains 5 feet upon the other in every 55 yards. How many rods will it have gained at the end of 2 miles ? 169. If 2 A. 65 sq. rd. can be plowed in a day, how much can be plowed in 84 days? 170. Find the exact number of days from June 11, 1879, to Aug. 5, 1881. 171. If 9 acres produce 21 T. 537 lb. of hay, what does one acre produce? 172. If a pendulum vibrates 47 times in a minute, in what time will it vibrate 13267583 times ? 173. What decimal of 20 acres is 7 A. 148 sq. rd. ? 174. If a man can cut 24 cords 102 cubic feet of wood in 12 days, how many cord feet can he cut in one day? 175. How many silver spoons, each weighing 2 oz. 10 pwt., can be made from a bar of silver weighing 11 lb. 5 oz. 10 pwt.? 176. A stationer buys 25 reams of commercial note paper at $1.75 a ream, and retails it at 12 cents a quire, with the exception of one outside quire of each ream, which he sells at 8 cents. How much does he make? 177. How many years, months, and days did a man live who was born March 15, 1767, and died June 8, 1845 ? 178. Bought a cask of oil, containing 68 gallons, at 72 cents a gallon; having leaked out, the remainder was sold at 90 cents a gallon. Did I make or lose, and how much? 179. Show that any article is worth as many five-cent pieces a cental as dollars a ton. 180. A carpenter sent two of his apprentices to ascertain the length of a certain fence. The first made it 17 rd. 16 ft. 11 in., and the second made it 18 rd. 5 in. The carpenter, fearing they might both be wrong, measured for himself, and found it to be 17 rd. 5 yd. 1 ft. 11 in. What was the difference in their measurements? 181. If A and B should commence, March 5, 1882, to go to bed at the same hour, and A should rise at before 6 o'clock and B at past 7, how much more time for labor would A have had than B, by March 5, 1900, paying attention to the leap years? QUESTIONS. 183. What is a denomination? 184. A denominate number? 185. A simple number? 186. A compound number? 187. What is reduction descending? 188. How is a denominate number reduced to smaller denominations? 189. What is reduction ascending? 190. How is a denominate number reduced to larger denominations? 191. What is a denominate fraction? 192. How is a denominate fraction reduced to integers of smaller denominations? 193. How are denominate integers reduced to fractions of larger denominations? 196. How is the difference between dates, in years, months, and days, found? THE METRIC SYSTEM. 197. The Metric System of weights and measures, now coming into use in the United States, has for its base a unit called the meter. NOTE. This system, in extensive use in the arts and sciences, adopted for the United States Coast Survey, and partially employed in the Mint and General Post Office, was legalized for use in the United States by Congress in 1866. 198. The Meter, which was intended to be, and is very nearly, the ten-millionth part of the distance on a meridian from the equator to the pole, is the principal unit of lengths, and the standard unit from which all metric measures are derived. 199. The Are,* the principal unit of the measures of land, is a square whose side is ten meters. 200. The Stere, the principal unit of the measures of wood and stone, is a cube whose edge is a meter. 201. The Liter, the principal unit of the measures of capacity, is a cube whose edge is the tenth of a meter. 202. The Gram, the principal unit of weight, is the weight of a cube of pure water at its greatest density, whose edge is a hundredth part of a meter. 203. The Names of the divisions of the unit are formed by prefixing to the name of the unit the Latin words, milli for 1000th, centi for 100th, and deci for 10th; and the names of multiples, by prefixing the Greek, deka for 10, hekto for 100, kilo for 1000, and myria for 10000. * Are is pronounced air; stere, stair; and liter, lee'ter. All metric names have the accent on the first syllable. 204. In the metric system, as in United States money, only a few of the denominations are much used. These will be distinguished in the tables by the difference in type. The unit corresponds to the dollar, and deci, centi, milli to dimes, cents, mills. 205. LENGTH MEASURES. 10 millimeters (mm) are 1 centimeter, cm, 10 centimeters 10 decimeters 10 meters 10 dekameters 10 hektometers 10 kilometers 1 decimeter, or 10 centimeters, or 100 millimeters. 1. The meter is used in measuring woven fabrics and short lengths and distances. 2. The kilometer is the unit in measuring roads and long distances. 3. The decimeter is nearly 4 inches; the meter, about 3 feet 3 inches; and the kilometer, about 200 rods, or § of a mile. 206. A Metric Number is written with the decimal point separating the unit from its decimal parts. Thus, 1 Km 5 Hm 7 Dm 3m 4dm 2 cm, written as meters, is 1573.42", and, written as kilometers, is 1.57342 Km. |