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in the inside. Here about 300 people collected; and (after singing and prayer,) Mr. Ellis preached to them from Psalms xxv, 8. After the service, they seemed desirous to enter into conversation on what they had heard. One man stood up, and called out aloud, "I desire Jehovah, the good Lord, for my God, but we have no one to tell us about him." In the afternoon, we sent word to the head-man to collect the people to hear the word of God again.

It rained, but a considerable number soon collected in the large house, and Mr. Ellis preached to them from 1 Tim. i, 15. Many arrived half an hour after the service had commenced, which induced Mr. Ellis to recapitulate his discourse; yet they did not seem weary. When it was finished, the head-man addressed the people, recommending them to attend to what they had heard, and proposed that henceforth they should abstain from all labour on the Sabbath, and pray to Jehovah and Jesus Christ, assuring them that such was his intention. After answering. several inquiries, the brethren prepared to proceed to another village. Two large heaps of tii root, (a variety of Dracena, a sweet 'root, of which an intoxicating drink is made,) and one or two vessels of sugar-cane juice in a state of fermentation, were, during the day, thrown away at this place, in consequence of some remarks made against intoxication.

After leaving Kalama, they walked to Keei, a considerable village on the south point of the bay. As they approached it, they passed over the ground, where, about forty years ago, Tamehameha encamped with his warriors, previous to his decisive battles with Kivaraao, the son of Taraiopu. On reaching the head-man's house, about 100 people soon collected before the door, and Mr. Ellis preached to them from Psalms lxx, 4. They then went into the house prepared for their lodging, which the good people soon made very comfortable, by spreading some cocoa-nut leaves on the ground, which they covered with a clean mat. The kind host then proposed to

80 HAWAIIAN NOTIONS OF A FUTURE STATE.

fetch a pig, and have it dressed for supper. They told him they had rather he would not do it on the Sabbath, but that, if agreeable, they should be glad to receive one in the morning. Having conducted family worship, they laid down on their mats to repose, thankful for the opportunities of doing good, which they had enjoyed, and for the encouraging attention manifested by the people.

1

CHAPTER IV.

Hawaiian notions of a future state.-Account of. the battle at Mokuohai.-Indisposition of Mr. Ellis.-Burying place of the ancient Hawaiian Kings.-The Puhonua, or City of refuge.-Ancient cataract of lava, and singular vaulted avenue.-Journey along the shore-Custom on the death of a chief-Singular pillars of lava. -Scarcity of fresh water.-Division of Kona. -Appearance of the south-west part of the island.-Keavaiti.-Evangelical labours at Pa

tini.

JULY 21st. In the morning, those of the party who were at Kaavaroa, visited the spot where Capt. Cook was killed, and broke off fragments from the rock of lava, on which he fell. On their return they purchased, for a piece of blue cotton about three yards in length, four small idols. They were rudely caryed imitations of the human figure, one of them between three and four feet in length, the others not more than eighteen inches. Having conducted family worship and breakfasted with Kamakau and his family, they took their leave, and passed over to the other side of the bay.

The house, in which Messrs. Bishop and Ellis had lodged, was crowded with natives. Mr. Ellis conducted morning worship in the native language,

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He after

and gave a short address to the people. wards had a very interesting conversation with them on the resurrection of the dead at the last day. They said they had heard of it by Kapihe, a native priest, who formerly resided there, and who, in the time of Tamehameha, told him that at his death he would see his ancestors, and that hereafter all the kings, chiefs, and people of Hawaii would live again.

At eight o'clock, a small pig, very nicely baked under ground, and a calabash full of potatoes, were brought in for breakfast. The travellers were both too ill to partake of the bounty of their kind host, yet felt grateful for his attention. At 9 A. M. they were joined by their companions from Kaavaroa, and shortly after we set out again on our tour. Mr. Bishop went in the canoe: the rest of us walked on towards Honaunau, a considerable village about five miles distant.

Leaving Keei, we passed on to Mokuohai, a spot celebrated as the place where, in the year 1780, the great battle was fought between Kauikeouli, eldest son and successor of Taraiopu, and his cousin Tamehameha, by which the latter, though before only possessed of two districts, became sovereign of the whole island. This battle is considered by most of Tamehameha's friends, (who frequently allude to it in talking of him,) as the foundation of all his subsequent power and greatness in the Sandwich Islands. -During seven successive days, a severe conflict was maintained with doubtful success. On the morning of the eighth day, it was renewed with augmented fury on both sides, and continued raging till noon, when the death of Kauikeouli terminated the struggle in favour of his rival. The circumstances attending his death were singular.

Keeaumoku, (the father of Kuakini, Kaahumanu and Piia,) Tamehameha's principal general, with a few of his companions, had advanced a considerable distance beyond the main body of his warriors, and was completely surrounded by Kauikeouli's men.

After defending themselves for a considerable time against superiour numbers, all the associates of Keeaumoku were slain. He himself was dangerously wounded by a number of stabs with the pahoa,* and fell in the midst of his enemies; who thought him mortally wounded, and were proceeding to despoil him of his ornaments, &c. Kauikeouli approached, and called out to them to take care of the paraoa,t stooping down himself, at the same time, to untie it. Keeaumoku, recovering from a swoon, and seeing Kauikeouli bending over him, made a sudden spring, and grasped him round the neck, or, (as some of the natives say,) by his long flowing hair; and, being a man of uncommon stature and strength, held him down. Kauikeouli endeavoured, but in vain, to extricate himself from his grasp. At this instant Tamehameha and his attendants, having heard that Keeaumoku had fallen, hastened to the spot, and one of them, Narimaerua, perceiving the situation of Kauikeouli, rushed forward, ran a spear through his body, and then stabbed him with a pahoa. He fell upon the body of Keeaumoku, and instantly expired. Keoua, his uncle, who fought near him, was wounded in the thigh by a spear, and obliged to quit the field.

As soon as the death of Kauikeouli was known, a panic spread among his men, and they quickly fled in every direction. Many jumped into the sea, and swam to some canoes lying off the place; and the rest fled to the mountains, or the adjoining puhonua, (place of refuge,) at Honaunau, about four miles distant. Tamehameha now remained master of the field, and before evening reached Honaunau, the former residence of the vanquished chiefs.

*The pahoa is a dagger from eighteen inches to two feet in length, made of wood, or iron. Capt. Cook was killed by one of them.

† A finely polished ornament made of a whale's tooth, highly valued by the natives, and worn on the breast, suspended by a necklace of curiously braided human bair.

Among these was Karaimoku, then a youth, now principal chief of the Sandwich Islands,

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The scene of this sanguinary engagement was a large tract of rugged lava, the whole superficies of which had been broken up by an earthquake. Since leaving Keei, we had seen several heaps of stones raised over the bones of the slain; but they now became much more numerous. As we passed along, our guide pointed out the place where Tairi, Tamehameha's war-god, stood, surrounded by the priests, and a little farther on, he showed us the place where Tamehameha himself, his sisters, and friends, fought during the early part of the eighth day. A few minutes after we had left it, we reached a large heap of stones, which marks the spot where Kauikeouli was slain. The numerous piles of stones, which we saw in every direction, convinced us, that the number of those who fell on both sides, must have been very considerable.

Shortly after leaving the battle ground, Mr. Ellis was too ill to proceed. He had, ever since Saturday last, suffered violent pain, probably induced by the bad water we had been obliged to drink since leaving Kairua. After reclining sometime on the lava, he was able to travel as far as Honaunau, where we arrived about noon. The town contains 147 houses; yet we could procure no other accommodation, than that which an open canoe-house afforded. Here we spread a mat for Mr. Ellis, whose indisposition continued violent until night.

Toward evening Mr. Thurston preached to the people, who gave good attention.

22d. Mr. Ellis was considerably better this morning, yet too ill to resume the journey to day.

After breakfast, Messrs. Thurston and Goodrich examined the inland part of the district, and found, after proceeding about two miles from the sea, that the ground was generally cultivated. They passed through considerable groves of the bread-fruit tree, saw many cocoanuts, and numbers of the prickly pear (Cactus ficus indicus,) growing very large, and loaded with fruit. They also found many peo