MULTIPLICATION OF FEDERAL MONEY. RULE. 67. Multiply as in simple numbers, and the product will be the answer sought in the lowest denomination mentioned in the given sum; then reduce the product to dollars and cents. Ex. 1. Multiply 375 dollars, 28 cents, and 2 mills, by 8. 1. What will 55 yards of cloth come to at 37 cents per yard? Ans. $20,35. 2. What will 300 bushels of wheat come to at $1,25 per bushel ? Ans. $375. 3. What will 85 pounds of tea come to at 1 dol lar 37 cents per pound? In this example we first consider that of a cent is equal to 5 mills. 量 Then as 1,37,5 contains more figures than 85, we multiply by the 85, knowing that the product will be the same which ever number be made the mul 1,37,5 85 6875 11000 116875 30. The product 116875 Ans. $116,87,5 which is reduced to dollars and cents as 4. What will a firkin of butter containing 90 pounds come to at 25 cents per pound? Ans. $22,95. 5. What is the cost of a cask of wine containing 29 gallons, at 2 dollars and 75 cents per gallon? Ans. $79,75. 6. A bale of cloths contains 95 pieces costing 40 dollars 374 cents each: what is the cost of the whole bale? Ans. $3835,62,5. 7. What is the value of 300 hats at 3 dollars and 25 cents a piece? Ans. $975. 8. What is the value of 9704 oranges at 3 cents each? Ans. $339,64. 9. What will be the cost of 356 sheep at 31 dollars a head? Ans. $1157. 10. What will be the cost of 47 barrels of apples at 13 dollars per barrel? Ans. $82, 25. DIVISION OF FEDERAL MONEY. 68. To divide a sum expressed in dollars, cents, and mills, by a simple number. RULE. I. If the number to be divided contains dollars, cents, and mills, divide as in simple numbers, and separate the quotient into dollars, cents, and mills. II. But if the number to be divided contains only dollars, or dollars and cents, bring it to mills by annexing ciphers: then dinide as in simple numbers. and separate the quotient as before. EXAMPLES. 1. Divide $4,62,4 by 4; also 87, 25, 6 by 5. 4) $4, 62, 4 2. Divide $37 by 8. 5) $87,25,6 In this example we first reduce the $37 to mills by annexing three ✨ ciphers. The quotient will then be 8) $37,00,0 $ 4,62,5 mills, and can be reduced to dollars and cents, as before. 10 69. The answer is always sufficiently exact when it is true within 1 mill, and therefore the remainder in mills may always be neglected. Indeed, in common business, the answer is sufficiently accurate, when within a cent, and the mills are generally omitted, the sign+being written after the answer to denote that the division might be still continued. 4. Divide $495,70,4 by 129. Ans. $3, 84, +. QUESTIONS. § 60. What is the currency of the United States ? What are its denominations? What are the coins of the United States? Which gold, which silver, which copper? What do you u ind by gold 20 carats fine? Repeat the table for F § 61. How many units of either denomination make one of the next higher? How do simple numbers increase from the right to the left? How may Federal Money be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided? In numerating Federal Money what is the first figure on the right called? the second? third? fourth? &c. § 62. How is Federal Money generally read? 63. How do you change cents into mills? How do you change dollars into cents? dollars into mills? § 64. How do you change mills into dollars, cents, and mills? § 65. How do you add Federal Money? 66. How do you subtract Federal Money? § 67. How do you multiply Federal Money? §68. How do you divide Federal Money? 69. When is the answer sufficiently exact? How do you express that the division might be continued? APPLICATIONS. 1. A man bought a piece of cloth containing 72 yards, for which he paid $252: what did he pay per yard? Ans. $3,50. persons, 2. If $600 be divided equally among what will be each one's share? 26 Ans. $23,07, +. 3. Divide $18000 into 40 equal parts: what is the value of each part.? Ans. $450. 4. Divide $3769, 25 into 50 equal parts: what is one part? Ans. $75, 38+. 5. A farmer purchased a farm containing 725 acres, for which he paid $18306, 25: what did it cost him per acre? Ans. $25, 25. 6. A merchant buys 15 bales of goods at auction, for which he pays $1000: what do they cost him bale? Ans. $66, 66 7. A drover pays $1250 for 500 sheep: what shall he sell them for a piece, that he may neither make nor lose by the bargain? Ans. $2,50. 8. The dairy of a farmer produces $600, and he has 25 cows: how much does he make by each cow? Ans. $24. 9. A farmer receives $840 for the wool of 1400 sheep: how much does each sheep produce him? Ans. 80, 60. APPLICATIONS IN THE FOUR PRECEDING RULES. 1. A farmer sold a yoke of oxen for $80,75; 6 cows for $29 each; 30 sheep at $2,50 a head; and 3 colts, one for $25, the other two for $30 a piece : what did he receive for the whole lot? Ans. $414,75. 2. A merchant buys 6 bales of goods, each containing 20 pieces of broadcloth, and each piece of broadcloth contained twenty-nine yards; the whole cost him $15660: how many yards of cloth did he purchase, and how much did it cost him per yard? 3480 yards. Ans. 34,50 per yard. 3. A man dies leaving an estate of $33000 to be equally divided among his 4 children, after his wife shall have taken her third. What was the wife's portion, and what the part of each child? Ans. {$11000 wife's part. $5500 each child's part. 4. A person sells 3 cows at $25 each; and a yoke of oxen for $65; he agrees to take in payment 60 sheep: how much do his sheep cost him per head? 5 Ans. $2, 33, 3+. settling with his butcher, finds that |