debts to the amount of £20,021,138 guaranteed by the Federal Government and prospective new issues of £5,938,760, besides £9,868,015 of cedulas of the national mortgage bank, making the total foreign debt £80,951,321. The amount of the internal debts was $104,595,933 payable in paper and $40,375,877 in gold. The foreign and domestic debts on April 30, 1900, amounted to £88,000,000, besides £3,500,000 of floating debt.

The Army and Navy.-The standing army numbers 1,463 officers and 12,867 men. The National Guard, the members of which receive two months of camp drill, had 467,572 men on the rolls in 1898.

The navy consists of 2 old ironclads for coast defense, 2 of newer construction, 5 armored cruisers built in Italy, 2 ram cruisers built in England, 5 other modern cruisers and gunboats, 4 destroyers, and 12 first-class and 10 second-class torpedo boats.

Commerce and Production. The production of wheat in 1899 was about 2,500,000 tons; of flaxseed, 3,000,000 tons; of sugar, 90,000 tons. Indian corn is, next to wheat, the most important crop. The number of cattle slaughtered in 1899 was 310,700. The wool clip was 225,000 tons. The total value in gold of the merchandise imports in 1898 was $107,429,000; of exports, $133,829,000. The imports of animal products were valued at $2,175,000; alimentary substances, $13,557,096; beverages, $8,298,612; textile fabrics and clothing, $33,946,484; mineral oils, $3,206,021; chemicals, $3,101,784; lumber and wood manufactures, $816,994; paper, $3,016,689; leather and hides, $960,031; iron and iron manufactures, $17,785,792; other metals, $3,504,811; pottery and glass, $8,599,408; miscellaneous, $2,113,039. The exports of animals and animal products were valued at $87,381,625; agricultural produce, $42,692,922; forest products, $2,283,061; mineral products, $205,559; products of the chase, $449,549; miscellaneous, $816,742. The export of wool was 221,286 tons; of sheep skins, 42,245 tons; of wheat, 648,161 tons; of maize, 717,105 tons; of beef and mutton, 89,914 tons. The imports of gold and silver coin and bullion were $7,303,255; exports, $1,574,946. The import and export trade was divided among various countries in 1898 as follows:

The gold value of imports in 1899 was $117,000,000; exports, $185,000,000.

Navigation. The number of vessels engaged in foreign commerce entered in 1898 was 10,198, of 6,555,128 tons, of which 6,866, of 5,928,765 tons, were steamers and 3,332, of 626,363 tons, were sailing vessels. The mercantile navy in 1898 numbered 86 steamers, of 31,976 tons, and 157 sailing vessels, of 39,695 tons.

Communications. There were 9,885 miles of railroad in operation in 1898. The capital invested was $510,643,296; receipts, $33,063,653; expenses, $19,117,118; number of passengers carried, 16,044,389; tons of freight, 9,001,559.

The telegraphs have a total length of 25,345 miles, with 59,060 miles of wire.

The number of letters received in the internal postal service in 1897 was 46.653,262; of other packets, 37,381,566; of letters dispatched, 47,862,283; of other packets, 35,737,266; of letters re

ceived in the foreign service, 9,257,654; of other packets, 5,081,737; of letters dispatched, 6,444,378; of other packets, 2,088,718.

ARIZONA, a Territory of the United States, organized Feb. 14, 1863; area, 113,020 square miles. The population, according to each decennial census, was 9,658 in 1870; 40,440 in 1880; 59,620 in 1890; and 122,212 in 1900. Capital, Phoenix.

Government.-The following were the Territorial officers in 1900: Governor, N. O. Murphy; Secretary, Charles H. Akers; Treasurer, T. W. Pemberton; Auditor, G. W. Vickers; AttorneyGeneral, C. F. Ainsworth; Adjutant General, H. F. Robinson; Superintendent of Education, R. L. Long; Geologist, W. P. Blake; Chairman of the Live Stock Sanitary Board, A. C. McQueen; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Webster Street; Associate Justices, Richard E. Sloan, Fletcher M. Doan, George R. Davis; Clerk, Lloyd Johnston-all Republicans.

Finances and Valuations.-The bonded Territorial debt, as by the last biennial report, was $1,045,972.43; the city and county funded indebtedness was $1,634,027.57. The valuation of taxable property was $31,473,540. In August of this year the valuation after equalization amounted to $33,782,466.

A decision lately rendered in the United States Supreme Court affirms the validity of railroad subsidy bonds given by Yavapai County years ago, but lately sought to be repudiated as illegal. The road brought a suit, not yet decided, but the validity of the bonds was in question in the suit between two counties, decided as above.

Education. The new normal school at Flagstaff was dedicated May 11. Forty-one students were in attendance during the year.

The Territorial University has about 130 in the regular classes.

The Indian school at Phoenix has about 600 resident pupils and about 100 day scholars who are employed in families in the town. The Fort Yuma Indian school has about 150. A new building, to cost $10,000, is in progress.

Railroads.-The total valuation of the railroads in the Territory that are subject to taxation, as reported by the Board of Equalization, is $4,363,624. The Attorney-General advised the board that the Santa Fé, Prescott and Phoenix could not be placed upon the assessment roll, exemption having been made by the Legislature in consideration of the fulfillment of certain conditions. Most of the lines had extensions in progress this year, opening new mining territory.

Banks. The abstract of the condition of the national banks of the Territory at the close of 1899 gave: Loans and discounts, $1,364,118; stocks and securities, $174,879; due from national banks not reserve agents, $240,002; due from State banks and bankers, $113,761; due from reserve agents, $469,221; gold coin, $134,720; total specie, $158,158; lawful money reserve, $232.415; due to other national banks, $11,133; due to State banks and bankers, $47,829; individual deposits, $2,138,619.

The New Capitol.-This building was finished in August. It has cost $130,000. Its length is 184 feet and its depth is 84 feet. The height of the top of the dome from the ground is 76 feet. The dome is 44 feet in diameter. The building is constructed as nearly as possible of Arizona material. The foundation is made of malpais, the walls of the first story of granite, and the rest of the walls of tufa. The structure is as nearly fireproof as it was possible to make it.

Cities. The census returns credit the capital city with 5,544 inhabitants. The assessed valua

tion is $4,276,000. A very successful Indian and Cowboy Carnival was held last winter, with the design of attracting travelers to the Salt River valley and prolonging the winter tourist season. The population of Tucson is somewhat more than 7,000 and the valuation between $2,000,000 and $3,000,000.

Globe was incorporated this year, and has in progress a gravity system of waterworks with a catchment reservoir 3 miles to the south.

Prescott suffered great loss by fire, July 13. A large part of its business portion was burned away, with the loss of one life and destruction of property amounting to more than $1,000,000. There was slight protection against fire, the waterworks not having been finished; consequently, rates of insurance were high and not a large amount was carried. Offers of aid were sent from other places but were declined, and rebuilding was at once begun. An election was held Aug. 28 on a proposition to bond the town for $100,000 for water and sewerage. Of 340 votes cast, 19 were opposed. Products.-Newspaper reports indicate constantly increasing activity in mining, fresh discoveries, new strikes in old fields, more capital, improved machinery. The gold product for 1899 was estimated in Wells, Fargo & Co.'s report at $3,000,000 and the silver at $739,113; ores and base bullion were estimated at $16,659,148. These figures are regarded by mining men as too low.

From a description that accompanied the exhibits of three Arizona companies at the Paris Exposition are taken the following general statistics: The present annual production of the Copper Queen mines is approximately 40,000,000 pounds of copper; of the Detroit mine, 16,000,000 pounds; of the United Globe mines, 6,000,000 pounds. The number of employees of the three groups of mines is 2.500. The coal consumed in generating power is 25.000 tons, and the coke used in the furnaces 60,000 tons. Both coal and coke come from the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. The Copper Queen and Detroit companies have mercantile departments and stores at their mines. All three companies support free libraries and reading rooms for their employees. A medical staff and wellequipped hospitals exist at all the establishments, the men contributing monthly from their wages for medical and hospital services.

The discovery of oil fields near Yuma, near Phonix, and between Prescott and Jerome is reported. Onyx is quarried at Big Bug, 20 miles south of Prescott, and in the Cave Creek hills north of Phoenix. New discoveries have been made of deposits near Mayer. The finishing and polishing opens a field for Indian labor.

The Live Stock Inspection Law. This law was in March practically declared invalid in the district court, as one of its main provisions was declared contrary to the organic act as restricting the business of the plaintiff in the suit.

candidates-J. F. Wilson and Marcus A. Smithbut Mr. Wilson withdrew about a month after the date of the convention.

In the contest for Delegate to Congress the total vote of the Territory was 16,620, compared with a total vote of 14,050 in 1896. Of this, Smith, the Democratic candidate, received 8,664; Murphy, Republican, 7,664; and Danielson, Prohibitionist, 292.

ARKANSAS, a Southern State, admitted to the Union June 15, 1836; area, 53,850 square miles. The population, according to each decennial census since admission, was 97,574 in 1840; 209,897 in 1850; 435,450 in 1860; 484,471 in 1870; 802,525 in 1880; 1,128,179 in 1890; and 1,311,564 in 1900. Capital, Little Rock.

Government.-The following were the State officers in 1900: Governor, Daniel W. Jones; Secretary of State, Alexander C. Hull; Treasurer, Thomas E. Little; Auditor, Clay Sloan; AttorneyGeneral, Jefferson Davis; Superintendent of Education, J. J. Doyne; Commissioner of Mines, Manufactures, and Agriculture, Frank Hill; Railroad Commissioners, J. G. Wallace, Felix M. Hanley, and Henry W. Wells; Mine Inspector, Robert Boyd, succeeded in September by W. H. Hill; Land Commissioner, J. W. Colquitt; Inspector of Wines, Carl A. Starck; Board of Charities, S. H. Davidson, T. H. Matthews, J. J. Thomas, J. W. Meeks, G. L. Basham, W. A. Jeffers; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Henry G. Bunn; Associate Justices, Simon P. Hughes, C. D. Wood, Burrill B. Battle, James E. Riddick; Clerk, P. D. English-all Democrats.

Population. The census returns by counties for 1900 and for 1890 are as follow:

Craighead.. Crawford

Cross.

Dallas

Desha
Drew

Faulkner.

Franklin
Fulton
Garland
Grant

19.451, 17,352 Pulaski.. 20.780 18,342 || Randolph.

12,917 10,984 Saline..

7,786 Searcy. Greene 12,908 | Sebastian Hempstead 24,101 22.796 Sevier. Hot Spring... 12,748 11,603 Howard 14.076 13.789 Independence 22,557 21,961 Izard..

13.506 13.038

Jackson. 18.383 15,179

Jefferson. Johnson..

Lawrence

40,972 40.881 17.448 16,758 10,594 7.700 16.491 12,984

Sharp.

Union..

Stone

24,864 22,946

Van Buren... 11.220 8,567
Washington.. 34,256 32,024
White..
Woodruff
Yell.

16,304 14,009 22,750 18,015

There are 184 incorporated towns, cities, and villages in the State. Little Rock has a population of 38,307. Among the other larger places are the following: Fort Smith, 11,587; Pine Bluff, 11,496; Hot Springs, 9,973; Helena, 5,550; Texarkana, 4,914; Jonesboro, 4,508; Fayetteville, 4,061; Eureka Springs, 3,572; Mena, 3,432; Paragould, 3.322; Newport, 2,866; Camden, 2,830: Arkadelphia, 2,739; Van Buren, 2,573; Batesville,

on

General revenue amount received, $1,161,724; warrants redeemed, $1,143,068.43; balance on hand, $32,908.67. Sinking fund amount received, $224,443.25; warrants redeemed, $237,057.53; balance on hand, $7,305.99. Common school fundamount received, $927,841.23; warrants redeemed, $924,960.32; balance on hand, $57,213.77. Permanent school fund-amount received, $2,967,423.13; warrants redeemed, $1,137,179.32; balance hand, $2,120,799.25. Sixteenth section fund (transferred to permanent school fund)—amount received, $221,791.89; warrants redeemed, $575,315.68. Confederate pension fund-amount received, $100,052.07; warrants redeemed, $101,648.52; balance on hand, $17,646.45. Direct taxbalance on hand, $15,315.73. Swamp land fund--amount received, $47,830.91; warrants redeemed, $1,974.58; balance on hand, $49,076.23. Internal improvement fund--amount received, $59,839.10; balance on hand, $61,316.80. State Capitol fundamount received, $48,029.64; warrants redeemed, $36,663.44; balance on hand, $11,366.20. Penitentiary deposit fund-amount received, $230,359.61; warrants redeemed, $230,359.61. Tax due counties -amount received, $53,207.57; warrants redeemed, $49,360.99; balance on hand, $13,378.08. Tax due cities amount received, $322.65; warrants deemed, $114.04; balance on hand, $642.13. Valuations.-The value of real estate, as shown by the tax books, is $127,062,908. The value of personal property as assessed is $62,936,142.

re

In a suit to determine the liability of Garland County for a part of the indebtedness of Hot Spring County, from which it was set off in 1873, the court adjudged that Garland should pay Hot Spring $18,880 as its share of the debt at the time of separation.

Education. The school population is 472,508. The enrollment in 1899 was 296,785, of whom 76,049 were colored. In private and denominational schools there were 5,835.

Twenty-one young men and women were graduated at the State University in June.

Charities. The report of the State Board of Charitable Institutions, published in May, gives the following data:

The current expenses of the lunatic asylum from April 1, 1897, to March 31, 1898, were $56,956.73; from April 1, 1899, to March 31, 1900, $59,449.88, an increase of $2,493.15 for the year just closed. The record shows that on April 1, 1897, there were 507 patients on hand in the asylum, and on April 1, 1899, there were 605, an increase of 98 patients.

The current expenses of the deaf-mute institute from April 1, 1897, to March 31, 1898, were $19,076.62; from April 1, 1899, to March 31, 1900, $19,352.86, an increase of $276.24 for the year just closed. The record shows that on April 1, 1897, there were 208 pupils in attendance, and on April 1, 1899, there were 250, an increase of 42.

The current expenses of the school for the blind

from April 1, 1897, to March 31, 1898, were $13,723.85, and from April 1, 1898, to March 31, 1900, $14,714.23, an increase for the year just closed of $990.38. The record shows that on April 1, 1897, there were 167 pupils in attendance at the school for the blind, and on April 1, 1899, 192, an increase of 25 pupils.

The last Legislature increased the current expense appropriation of the lunatic asylum $10,000, the deaf mute institute $4,000, and the school for the blind, $11,000.

Railroads. Among the States having new railroad mileage built in 1899, Arkansas stood third, with 282 miles. During the first half of 1900 62 miles were constructed in the State. The net incomes of the several roads for the year ending June 30, 1899, as reported to the railroad commission, were: St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern, $1,065,026.71; St. Louis and Southwestern, $497,830.09; Choctaw and Memphis, $32,$34.08; Paragould and Southeastern, $12,214.59; Arkansas Midland, $8,765.02; Eureka Springs, deficit, $6,756.07; Hoxie, Pocahontas and Northern, $2,844.67; Dardanelle and Russellville, $19,607.83; White and Black River Valley, $27,693.61: Stuttgart and Arkansas River, deficit, $3,366.69; Des Are and Northern, $2,916.43; Louisiana and Arkansas, $29,164.04.

The report of the Kansas City, Fort Scott and Memphis for the year ending June 30, 1900, shows an increase of $981,830, or 21 per cent., in earnings; of $636,493, or 21 per cent., in expenses; and of $345,337, or 25 per cent., in net earnings. In addition $100,000 was appropriated for improvements and transferred to the general improvement fund, $100,000 having also been deducted from the year's miscellaneous earnings for the same purpose. The surplus balance for the year, after all deductions, was $28,406.

The Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham road, operated in the same interest, shows for the fiscal year an increase of $270,139, or 19 per cent., in gross earnings and of $157,057, or 42 per cent.. in net receipts.

Charters have been granted to the Arkansas and Missouri and the Arkansas Western. The former is to run from Little Rock to a point on the State line in Boone County, and the latter from Howe, Indian Territory, to Waldron, Ark., about 36 miles.

The Stuttgart and Arkansas River was sold in April to the Des Arc and Searcy. The White and Black River Valley was leased in June to the Choctaw, Oklahoma and Gulf.

The commission gave an opinion in a case involving their right to regulate rates, holding that the transportation of freight between two points in the State, though the line of railroad may pass outside the borders of the State for a few miles, is intrastate or domestic commerce and subject to regulation by the commission.

Business and Products.-Figures published in August show the capitalization of corporations registered with the Secretary of State from Jan. 1, 1899, as follow: Manufacturing associations, $23,868,575; railroad companies, $82,130,000; bank companies, $585,000; building associations, $7,000,000; loan and investment companies, $135,000; telegraph and telephone companies, $109,200; total, $113,827,775.

The cotton acreage this year was 1,718,901; the estimated crop, 809,000 bales; the consumption in mills of the State, 2,380 bales.

From a review of the lumber trade for July it appears that of 135 mills reporting, which are in 6 States and 1 Territory, 41 were in Arkansas and Indian Territory; that they cut 40,962,812 feet

and shipped 51,156,821, and had on hand 71,502,475.

A first prize was awarded at the Paris Exposition to an exhibit of apples from the State experiment station, prepared by the pomologist at the university.

State Laws. From the report of the AttorneyGeneral's office is learned that under the antitrust law passed by the last Legislature 225 suits were brought against the 63 fire insurance companies doing business in this State, to subject them to the penalty of the act. Proceedings were instituted also against the express companies, Waters-Pierce Oil Company, American Tobacco Company, Continental Tobacco Company, and the various cotton-seed oil companies operating in this

State.

The construction of the act was tested in the Supreme Court under the style of State rs. Etna Fire Insurance Company and The State vs. Lancashire Fire Insurance Company, one series of which was affirmed, the other, carrying the constitutionality of the act, was reversed. The court having decided adversely to the opinion of the Attorney-General, the other cases were dismissed. Lawlessness.-A negro prisoner who had confessed to the murder of an Italian fruit vender was taken from a guard and hanged by a mob near Helena, April 16. A negro school-teacher, suspected of having broken into a store, was shot and killed by a party of men, who took him and another suspected negro to a lonely place to frighten them into confession. It was declared that the killing was not intentional, and that only "white-capping" was intended.

Labor. A decision was handed down in the United States District Court at Fort Smith, in January, making permanent the temporary injunction issued previously, restraining the striking coal-miners of western Arkansas from interfering with nonunion men who took places in the mines.

Before the State election the labor unions were asking of candidates for the Legislature pledges as to proposed legislation in which they were interested. A set of questions used in Sebastian County is as follow:

1. Will you favor a bill making eight hours a legal day's work, with a penalty for the violation of the same?

2. Are you in favor of a law establishing semimonthly or weekly pay day?

3. Are you in favor of the abolition of the scrip system now in use by corporations?

4. Will you favor a law compelling all corporations doing business in the State of Arkansas to be incorporated under the State laws and chartered by the State?

5. Are you in favor of a law establishing a uniform system of text-books to be published by the State and furnished at cost to all patrons of the public schools of the State?

Political. Senator Berry and Gov. Jones were candidates before the primaries for the office of United States Senator, but the Governor withdrew from the contest, March 23.

The election for State officers was held Sept. 3. There were three candidates for Governor, but only the Democrats put out a full State ticket. The Republicans and the Populists made nominations for Governor only. The Republican candidate was Herman L. Remmel and the Populist nominee was A. W. Files. Following is the Democratic ticket: For Governor, Jeff Davis; Secretary of State. John W. Crockett; Attorney-General, George W. Murphy; State Auditor, T. C. Monroe; State Treasurer, Thomas E. Little; Commissioner

of Lands, J. W. Colquitt; State Superintendent of Public Instruction, J. J. Doyne; Commissioner of Mines, Manufactures, and Agriculture, Frank Hill; Associate Justice of Supreme Court, Carroll D. Wood; Railroad Commissioners, F. M. Hanley, Abner Gaines, J. G. Wallace.

The platform of the Democratic convention, June 26, 27, approved the national platform of the party as adopted at Chicago in 1896; recognized the Monroe doctrine as a cardinal tenet of the party, and favored its strict observance; favored the building of the Nicaraguan Canal by the Government; opposed the donation of the public lands of the United States to private corporations. Trusts and all illegal combinations were denounced. The platform approved the action of the last Legislature in passing laws against them, and pledged the party to the passing of laws to prohibit their operation in Arkansas.

The set of resolutions at the Republican convention for nominating delegates to the national convention, March 20, favored expansion, opposed trusts, favored the Nicaraguan Canal to be owned and controlled by the Government, and approved the protective tariff policy. It denounced the Goebel act and the Nesbitt act and "all similar laws in Arkansas and elsewhere concocted to cheat the honest voter, and to enable a corrupt minority to govern."

The State Republican convention, July 7, declared in favor of a reform school, completion of the Statehouse, compulsory arbitration in labor troubles, and nonpartisan educational and charitable boards, and opposed competition of convict with free labor, and all forms of trusts.

The Prohibitionists nominated a presidential elector at large, and declared: "The Democratic and Republican parties are equally corrupt and in sympathy with the liquor power of this nation, and therefore unworthy the support of any Christian or philanthropist.'

The vote for Governor stood: Davis, Democrat, 88,637; Remmel, Republican, 40,701; Files, Populist, 3,641. The State Senate will be entirely Democratic; the House will have 1 Independent, 2 Republicans, and 97 Democrats.

The total vote for presidential electors was 127,839, compared with 149,347 in 1896. The Democratic candidates received 81,142 votes; the Republican, 44,800; and the Prohibitionist, 584-a Democratic majority of 35,758.

AUSTRALASIA, one of the grand divisions of the globe, consisting of the continent of Australia and island colonies of Great Britain, with interjacent islands. With the exception of the Dutch and German portions of New Guinea, the German protectorate of Bismarck Archipelago and that of the northern Solomon Islands, now diminished by the cession of the Howe group, the French colony of New Caledonia, and the New Hebrides and smaller islands under native rule, all the islands of Australasia are British colonies and dependencies. The five colonies of Australia and the colonies of Tasmania and New Zealand are self-governing, having each its representative Legislature, with a responsible ministry, disposing of its own revenues, and making its own laws under a charter granted by the British Parliament, subject to a certain reserved veto power of the Imperial Government. The British Crown is represented in each colony by a governor, who as the executive head of the colonial Government acts on the advice of the responsible ministers selected from the party or coalition that forms the majority in the Legislative Assembly. The Crown colony of Fiji is administered in accordance with native laws and customs, and its Gov

An estimate made for the purpose of apportioning representation under the federation scheme gives New South Wales 1,348,400; Victoria, 1,162,900; Queensland, 482,400; South Australia, 370,700, and Tasmania, 182,300 inhabitants.

The population of New South Wales on June 30, 1899, was composed of 725,900 males and 631,150 females. At the end of 1899 it was estimated at 729,005 males and 627,645 females; total, 1,356,650, including 8,250 aborigines. The population of Sydney, the capital, was estimated in 1898 at 426,950, including suburbs.

In Victoria it was estimated in 1899 that 666,110 of the total population lived in towns. Melbourne, the capital, in 1897 contained 469,880 inhabitants, nearly two fifths of the population of the colony, while in Ballarat there were 44,848, in Bendigo, or Sandhurst, 42,992, and in Geelong 23,334. The emigration from the colony has for five years past exceeded the immigration, chiefly owing to the exodus to the gold fields of Western Australia.

Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, contained at the end of 1898 a population of 107,840 souls, its environs included. The Chinese immigrants into Queensland in 1898 numbered 742, and the emigrants 478; the Polynesian immigrants numbered 1,182, and the emigrants 731.

The population estimated for South Australia on Dec. 31, 1898, consisted of 187,251 males and 175,646 females. In the northern territory there were 4,903 inhabitants, of whom only 409 were females, the bulk being Chinese coolies. Adelaide, the colonial capital, had a population of 147,616.

The population of Western Australia comprised 111,354 males and 57,126 females. In 1891 there were 49,782 persons in the colony, and then the increase had been 68 per cent. in ten years. Perth, the capital, had an estimated population of 39,600 in the beginning of 1899.

The white population of New Zealand at the census of April 12, 1896, was 703,360, consisting of 371,415 males and 331,945 females. Of this total 690,003 were British-born, and of these 441,661 were born in New Zealand and 215,161 were born in the United Kingdom, 116,541 of the latter in England, 2,148 in Wales, 50,435 in Scotland, and 46,037 in Ireland. Of the total population, 15.13 per cent. were agricultural, pastoral, mineral, or other primary producers, 7.18 per cent. were employed in commerce, 4.11 per cent. were domestics, 2.74 per cent. were engaged in the professions, 8.93 per cent. were of undefined occupations, and 58.25 per cent. were dependents. The population as estimated at the end of 1899 includes 39,854 Maoris and 3,711 Chinese. Of the Maoris, the number including 3,503 half-castes

and 229 Maori wives of white men, 21,673 were males and 18,181 females. The capital of New Zealand is Wellington, which had at the last census 41,758 inhabitants, with its suburbs, while Auckland had 57,616, Christchurch 51,330, and Dunedin 47,280. Of the total population of the colony, 307,294 lived in boroughs, 391,735 in the rural districts, 950 on adjacent islands, and 3,381 on ships.

The population of Fiji, as estimated for Dec. 31, 1898, comprised 67,245 males and 54,493 females. The European population was 3,927, of whom 2,444 were males and 1,483 females; Indians numbered 12,320, of whom 8,293 were males and 4,027 females; Fijians, 98,954, comprising 52,656 males and 46,298 females; Polynesians, Rotumans, halfcastes, and others, 6,537, comprising 3,852 males and 2,685 females. Among the natives in 1898 there were 4,300 deaths to 3,481 births.

The movement of population in the several colonies for 1898 was as follows:

Of the revenue of New South Wales, £2,511,298 came from taxation, £1,976,816 from lands, £4,610,546 from services, and £205,593 from miscellaneous sources. The net revenue for the year ending June 30, 1899, was £9,572,912. The revenue from services consists chiefly of the net receipts from railways, tramways, posts, and telegraphs. The revenue from taxation in 1899 amounted to £2,558,958, of which £1,621,062 came from import and excise duties and the remaining £937,896 from stamps, land tax, income tax, and licenses. The net expenditure for 1899 was £9,553,144. Of the expenditure of 1898 railways and tramways took £1,812,039, posts and telegraphs £694,862, interest on the public debt £ 2,548,794, immigration £ 186, instruction £747,468, and other public works and services £3,754,019. Of the public debt, 80 per cent. was expended for railways, tramways, telegraphs, water supply, and sewerage, and these public services paid a net return of 3.46 per cent. on the total amount expended, which, exclusive of redemptions, up to June 30, 1899, amounted to £62,154,540, the expenditure from loans on railways