46. Three Gardeners, A, B, and C, having bought a piece of ground, find the profits of it amount to 1207. per annum. Now the fum of money which they laid down was in fuch proportion, that as often as A paid 51. B paid 71. and as often as B paid 47. C paid 67. I demand how much each man must have per annum of the gain ?

por

47. A young man received 2107. which was 2 of his eldest brother's tion now three times the eldelt brother's portion was half the father's estate I demand how much the estate was?

48. Two men depart both from one place, the one goes North and the other South; the one goes 7 miles a day, the other. 11 miles a day; how far are they diftant the 12th day after their departure ? 49. Two men depart both from one place and both one travels 12 miles every day, the other 17 miles every day; they diftant the 10th day after their departure?

go the fame road ; the how far are

50. The river Po is 1000 feet broad, and 10 feet deep, and it runs at the rate of 4 miles an hour. In what time will it difcharge a cubic mile of water (reckoning 5000 feet to the mile) into the sea ?

51. If the country which fupplies the river Po with water be 380 miles long and 120 broad, and the whole land upon the furface of the earth be 62,700,000 fquare miles, and if the quantity of water difcharged by the rivers into the fea be every where proportional to the extent of land by which the rivers are supplied; how many times greater than the Po will the whole amount of the rivers be?

52. Upon the fame fuppofition, what quantity of water altogether will be discharged by all the rivers into the sea in a year?

53. If the proportion of the sea on the furface of the earth to that of land be as 10 to 5, and the mean depth of the fea be a quarter of a mile; how many years would it take if the ocean were empty to fill it by the rivers running at the present rate?

54. If a cubic foot of water weigh 1000 oz. avoirdupois, and the weight of mercury be 13 times greater than of water, and the height of the mercury in the barometer (the weight of which is equal to the weight of a column of air on the fame bafe, extending to the top of the atmosphere) be 30 inches; what will be the weight of the air upon a fquare foot ? a fquare mile? and what will be the whole weight of the atmosphere, fuppofing the fize of the earth as in questions 51 and 53 ?

55. A began trade June 1, with 40 dollars, and took in B as a partner, Sept. 8, following, with 120 dollars; on Dec. 24, A put in 190 dollars more, and continued the whole in trade till May 5, following, when their whole gain was found to be 82 dollars; what is each partner's fhare?

56. If I give 80 bushels of potatoes, at 21 cents per bufhel, and 240%.of flax, at 15 cents per lb. for 64 bufhels of falt, what is the falt per bufhel? 57. What is the prefent worth of 482 dollars, payable 4 years hence, dif counting at the rate of 6 per cent ?

58. I have owing to me as follows, viz. $18,73 in 8 months; § 46,00 in. 5 months; and 104,84 in 3 months; what is the mean time for the payment of the whole?

59. If I fell 500 deals at 15d. a piece, and lose £9 per cent. what do I lose in the whole quantity ?

60. If I buy 1000 Ells Flemish of linen for £90, what may I fell it per Ell in London, to gain 10, in the whole ?

C c

Pleafant and Diverting Questions.

1. THERE was a well 30 feet deep; a Frog at the bottom could jump up 3 feet every day, but he would fall back two feet every night. How many days did it take the Frog to jump out?

2. Two men were driving theep to market, fays one to the other, give me one of yours and I fhall have as many as you; the other fays, give me one of yours and I fhall have as many again as you. How many had each ? 3. As I was a going to St. Ives,

I' met feven wives,

Every wife had feven facks,

Every fack had feven cats,

Every cat had feven kits,
Kits, cats, facks and wives,

How many were going to St. Ives ?

4. The account of a certain school is as follows, viz. 1 of the boys learn geometry, learn grammar, learn arithmetic, learn to write, and 9 learn to read; I demand the number of each ?

20

5 A man driving his geefe to market, was met by another, who faid, Good-morrow, mafter, with your hundred geese; fays he I have not an hundred, but if I had half as many as I now have, and two geese and an half befide the number I now have already, I fhculd have an hundred : How many had he?

6. Three travellers met at a caravanfary, or inn, in Perfia; and two of them brought their provifions along with them, according to the custom of the country; but the third not having provided any, propofed to the others that they should eat together, and he would pay the value of his proportion. This being agreed to, A produces 5 loaves, and B 3 loaves, which the travellers eat together, and C paid 8 pieces of money as the value of his share, with which the others were fatisfied, but quarrelled about the dividing of it. Upon this the affair was referred to the judge, who decided the dispute by an impartial fentence. Required his decifion?

7. Suppofe the 9 Digits to be placed in a quadrangular form; I demand in what order they muft ftand, that any three figures in a right line, may make juft 15.

8. A countryman having a Fox, a Goose, and a peck of Corn, in his journey came to a river, where it so happened that he could carry but one over at a time. Now as no two were to be left together that might destroy each other; fo he was at his wits end how to dispose of them: for, fays he, the corn can't eat the goofe, nor the goofe eat the fox, yet the fox can eat the goofe, and the goofe eat the corn. The queftion is how he must carry them over, that they might not devour each other.

9. Three jealous hufbands with their wives, being ready to pass by night over a river, do find at water fide a boat which can carry but two persons at once, and for want of a waterman they are neceffitated to row themfelves over the river at feveral times: The question is, how those 6 persons shall pafs by 2 and 2, fo that none of the three wives may be found in the company of one or two men, unlefs her husband be prefent?

10. Two merry companions are to have equal fhares of 8 gallons of wine, which are in a veffel containing exactly 8 gallons; now to divide it equally between them, they have only two other empty veffels, of which one contains 5 gallons, and the other 3; the question is, how they fhall divide the faid wine between them by the help of these three veffels, fo that they may have 4 gallons a piece?

SECTION III.

Forms of Notes, Deeds, Bonds, and other Inftruments of Writing.

§ 1. OF NOTES.

No. I.

Overdean, Sept. 17, 1802. For value received I promise to pay to Oliver Bountiful, or order, fixty-three dollars, fifty-four cents, on demand, with intereit after three months.

William Trufly.

Attelt, Timothy Teftimony.

No. II.

Bilfort, Sept. 17, 1802. For value received, I promise to pay O. R. or

--cents, three months after date.

Peter Pencil.

No. III.

BY TWO PERSONS.

Arian, Sept. 17, 1802. For value received we jointly and feverally promife to pay C. D. or order,

Atteft,

Conftance Adley.

dollars

cents on demand, with intereft.

Alden Faithful.
James Fairface.

OBSERVATIONS.

1. No note is negotiable unless the words, or order, otherwise, or bearer, be inferted in it.

2. If the note be written to pay him." or order," (No. 1.) then Oliver Bountiful may endorse this note, that is write his name on the back fide and fell it to A, B, C, or whom he pleases. Then A, who buys the note, calls on William Trufly for payment, and if he neglects or is unable to pay, A may recover it of the endorfer.

3. If a note be written, to pay him " or bearer," (No 2.) then any person who holds the note may fue and recover the fame of Peter Pencil.

4. The rate of interest established by law being fix per cent. per annum, it becomes unnecessary, in writing notes to mention the rate of intereft; it is fufficient to write them for the payment of fuch a fum, with intereft, for it will be understood, legal intereft, which is fix per cent.

5. All notes are either payable on demand, or at the expiration of a certain term of time agreed upon by the parties and mentioned in the note, as three months, or a year, &c.

6. If a bond or note mention no time of payment, it is always on demand, whether the words " on demand" be expreffed or not.

7. All notes payable at a certain time are on intereft as foon as they be come due, though in fuch notes there be no mention made of interest.

This rules founded on the principle, that every man ought to receive his money when due, and that the non payment of it at that time is an injury to him. The law, therefore, to do him juftice, allows him interest from the time the money becomes due, as a compenfation' for the injury.

8. Upon the fame principle a note payable on demand, without any mention made of intereft is on intereft after a demand of payment, for upon demand tuch notes immediately become due.

9. If a note be given for a specific article, as rye, payable in one, two or three months, or in any certain time, and the figner of fuch note fuffers the time to elapfe without delivering fuch article, the holder of the note will not be obliged to take the article afterwards, but may demand and recover the value of it in money.

§ 2. OF BONDS.

A Bond, with a condition from one to another.

KNOW all men by these presents, that I, C. D. of, &c. in the county of &c. am held and firmly bound to E. F. of, &c. in two hundred dollars to be paid to the faid E. F. or his certain attorney, his executors, administrators or affigns; to which payment, well and truly to be made, I bind myself, my heirs, executors, and adminiftrators, firmly by these presents: Sealed with my feal. Dated the eleventh day of in the year of our Lord one thoufand eight hundred and two.

The condition of this obligation is fuch, That if the above bound C. D. his heirs, executors or administrators, do and shall well and truly pay or cause to be paid, unto the above named E. F. his executors, administrators or affigns, the full fum of two hundred dollars, with legal interest for the fame, on or before the eleventh day of -next enfuing the date hereof: Then this obligation to be void, or otherwise to remain in full force and virtue. Signed, &c.

A Condition of a Counter Bond, or Bond of Indemnity, where one man becomes bound for another.

THE condition of this obligation is such, That whereas the above named A. B. at the special inftance and request, and for the only proper debt of the above bound C. D. together with the faid C. D. is, in and by one bond or obligation bearing equal date with the obligation above written, held and firmly bound unto E. F. of, &c, in the penal fum of-dollars,

conditioned for the payment of the fum of, &c. with legal interest for the fame, on the day of -next enfuing the date of the faid in part recited obligation, as in and by the said in part recited bond, with the condition thereunder written may more fully appear: If therefore the faid C. D. his heirs, executors or administrators, do and fhall well and truly pay or cause to be paid unto the faid E. F. his executors, administrators, or affigns, the faid fum of, &c. with legal intereft for the fame, on the faid-day of, &c. next enfuing the date of the faid in part recited obligation, according to the true intent and meaning, and in full discharge and fatisfaction of the faid in part recited bond or obligation: Then, &c. Otherwife, &c.

Note. The principal difference between a note and a bond is that the lat ter is an inftrument of more folemnity, being given under feal. Alfo, a note may be controled by a special agreement, different from the note, whereas, in cafe of a bond, no fpecial agreement can in the least controul what appears to have been the intention of the parties as expreffed by the words in the condition of the bond.

No. I.

§ 3. OF RECEIPTS.

Sitgrieves, Sept. 19, 1802. Received from Mr. Durance Adley, ten dollars in full of all accounts.

Qrvand Conflance.

No. II.

Sitgrieves, Sept. 19, 1802. Received from Mr. Orvand Conftance, five dollars in full of all accounts.

No. III.

Durance Adley.

A Receipt for an endorsement on a Note.

Sitgrieves, Sept. 19, 1802.

Received from Mr. Simpfon Eafley, (by the hand of Mr. Titus Trufty,) fixteen dollars twenty five cents, which is endorfed on his note of June 3, 1802.

No. IV.

Peter Cheerful.

A Receipt for money received on Account. Sitgrieves, Sept. 19, 1802. Received of Mr. Orand Landlike, fifty dollars

on account.

Eldro Slackley.

No. V.

A Receipt for intereft due on a Bond. Received this day of of Mr. A. B. the fum of five pounds, in full of one year's interest of 1001. due to me on the-day of -laft, on bond from the faid A. B. I fay received. By me, C. D.

OBSERVATIONS.

1. There is a diftinction between receipts given in full of all accounts, and others in full of all demands. The former cut off accounts only; the latter cut off not only accounts, but all obligations and right of action.

2. When any two perfons make a fettlement and pass receipts (No. I. and No. II.) each receipt must specify a particular fum, received, lefs or more. It is not necellary that the fum fpecified in the receipt, be the exact fum re

ceived.