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Directions for Reading.-Capitals, Stops, &c.

SECT. VI.-Directions for Reading with Propriety.

BE careful to attain a perfect knowledge of the nature and sound of vowels, consonants, diphthongs, &c, and give every syllable, and every single word, its just and full sound.

If you meet with a word you do not understand, do not guess at it, but divide it in your mind into its proper number of syllables.

Avoid hem's, O's, and ha's, between your words.

Attend to your subject, and deliver it just in the same manner as you would do if you were talking about it. This is the great, general, and most important rule of all: which, if carefully observed, will correct almost all the faults in reading.

Let the tone and sound of your voice in reading be the same as in talking; and do not affect to change that natural and easy sound with which you then speak, for a strange, new, awkward tone.

Take particular notice of your stops and pauses, but make no stops where the sense admits of none.

Place the accent upon its proper syllable, and the emphasis upon the proper word in a sentence.

SECT. VII.-Of Capital Letters.

A CAPITAL, or great letter, must never be used in the middle or end of a word; but is proper in the following cases: 1. At the beginning of any writing, book, chapter, or paragraph.

2. After a period, or full stop, when a new sentence begins. 3. At the beginning of every line in poetry, and every verse in the Bible.

4. At the beginning of proper names of all kinds: whether of persons, as Thomas; places, as London; ships, as the Hope well, &c.

5. All the names of God must begin with a great letter; as God, Lord, the Eternal, the Almighty; and also the Son of God, the Holy Spirit or Ghost.

6. The pronoun I, and the interjection O, must be written in capitals: as, "when I walk," "thou, O Lord!”

SECT. VIII.-Stops and Marks used in Writing.

A COMMA, marked thus (,) is a pause, or resting in speech while you may count one; as in the first stop of the following example: Get wisdom, get understanding; forget it not: neither decline from the words of my mouth.

you

A semicolon (;) is a note of breathing, or a pause while may count two; and is used to divide the clauses of a sentence, as in the second pause of the foregoing example.

A colon (:) is a pause while you may count three, and is used when the sense is perfect but not ended; as in the third stop of the foregoing example.

A period or full stop (.) denotes the longest pause, or while you may count four; and is placed after a sentence when it is complete and fully ended, as in the stop at the end of the foregoing example.

A dash (-) is frequently used to divide clauses of a period or paragraph; sometimes accompanying the full stop, and adding to its length. When used by itself, it requires no variation of the voice, and is cqual in length to the semicolon.

An interrogation (?) is used when a question is asked, and requires as long a pause as a full stop. It is always placed after a question; as, Who is that?

A note of admiration or exclamation (!) is used when any thing is expressed with wonder, and in good pronunciation requires a pause somewhat longer than the period; as, How great is thy mercy, O Lord of hosts!

A parenthesis () is used to include words in a sentence, which may be left out without injury to the sense: as, We all (including my brother) went to London.

A caret (A) is used only in writing, to denote that a letter or

good

word is left out: as, Evil communications corrupt manners.

A

The hyphen (-) is used to separate syllables, and the parts of compound words: as, watch-ing, well-taught.

The apostrophe ('), at the head of a letter, denotes that a letter or more is omitted; as, lon'd, tho', for loved, though, &c. It is also used to mark the possessive case; as, the king's navy, meaning the king his navy.

Quotation, or a single or double comma turned, (*) or (“) is put at the beginning of speeches, or such lines as are extracted out of other authors.

An asterisk, and obelisk or dagger, (*†) are used to direct or refer to some note or remark in the margin, or at the foot of the page.

A paragraph (T) is used chiefly in the Bible, and denotes the beginning of a new subject.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M NOPQRSTUVWXYZ.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p qrstuvwxyz.

:. ?! 1.234567890.

Honour thy Father and Mother in the Days of thy Youth. Do unto all Men as you

man

would

you.

that they should do unto Fear God and honour the King. Every should make the case of the injured his own. We ought to pay respect to Age, because we are all desirous of living to be old.

Improve by the errors of others, rather than find fault with them. In Childhood, be modest; in Youth, temperate; in Marked, just; and in old Age, prudent.

LIST of FRENCH and other FOREIGN WORDS and PHRASES in common Use, with their Pronunciation and Explanation.

[The Editor considers the two following Articles as by no means likely to prove the least useful in his book to a great majority of those in a situation to profit by it. He hopes, therefore, that in endeavouring to express the true pronunciation of the foreign words, he shall not be thought to have disfigured his pages beyond rehat the occasion warrants. Those who wish to pursue the study of the French language in the simplest manner, and to commit other words and phrases to memory, should consult BossUT's First Book of 3000 Words, and his little Phrase Book.]

Aid-de-camp (aid-de-cóng). Assist-Coup d'œil (coo-deil). ant to a general.

Glance.

A-la-mode (al-a-móde). In the Debut (de-bu). Beginning.

fashion.

Antique (an-teek). Ancient, or An-
tiquity.

A propos (ap-ro-pó). To the pur-
pose, Seasonably, or By the bye.
Auto da fe (auto-da-fá). Act of faith
(burning of heretics.)
Bagatelle (bag-a-t'l). Trifle.
Beau (bo). A man drest fashionably.
Beau monde (bo-mond). People of
fashion.

Belle (bell). A woman of fashion
or beauty.
Belles lettres (bell-letter). Polite

literature.

Billet doux (bil-le-déo). Love letter.
Bon mot (bon-mój. A piece of wit.

View, or

Denouement (de-nooa-móng). Fi-
nishing, or Winding up.

Dernier ressort (dern-yair res-sór).
Last ressort.

Depôt (dec-pó). Store, or Magazine.
Dieu et mon droit (dew-a-mon-

dreau). God and my right.
Double entendre(doo-ble "an-tan-der).
Double meaning.
Douceur (doo-seur). Present, or
Bribe.
Eclaircissement (ec-lair-cis-móng).
Explanation

Eclat (ec-lá). Splendour.
Eleve (el-ave). Pupil.
En bon point (an-bon-póint). Jolly.
En flute (an-flute). Carrying guns
on the upper deck only.
En masse (un-máss). In a mass.
Enpassant (an-pas-sang) By the way
Un-Ennui (an-wée). Tiresomeness.
Entrée (an-tráy). Entrance.
Faux pas (fo-pá).

Bon ton (bon-tóng). Fashion. Boudoir (boo-dwar). A small private apartment.

Carte blanche (cart blunsh).
conditional terms.

Chateau (shat-ó). Country-seat.
Chef d'œuvre (she-deuvre).

ter-piece.

Mas

Ci-devant (see-de-vang). Formerly.
Comme il faut (com-e-fó).

should be.

Con amore (con-a-mó-re).
Conge d'elire (congee de-lécr)

mission to choose.

As it

conduct.

Fault, or Mis

happen to him who evil thinks.
Ich dien (ik deën). I serve.

Gladly. Incógnito. Disguised, or Unknown.
Per-In petto. Hid, or In reserve.
Je ne scais quoi (ge-ne-say-kwau).
I know not what.

Corps (core). Body.
Coup de grace (coo-de-gráss).
nishing stroke.
Coup de main (coo-de-máin)
den enterprize.

Fi- Jeu de mots (zheu-de-mó).

upon words.

Sud-Jeu d'esprit (zheu de-sprie).

of wit.

Play

Play

L'argent (lar-zhang). Money, or | Sang froid (sang-froau). Coolness

Sans (sàng). Without
Un-Savant (sav-ang). A learned man.
Soi-disant(swau-dee-zang). Pretended
Tapis (tap-će). Carpet
Trait (tray). Feature
Tete a tete (tait-a-táit).

EXPLANATION of LATIN WORDS and PHRASES in common Use

among English Authors.

NB. The pronunciation is the same as if the words were English; but divided into distinct syllables, and accented as below.

Hear Ex. Late. As, The ex-minister