CONTENTS OF APPENDIX. No. 1. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commercial movements between the Western and the South Atlantic and Gulf States, the economy of trans- port on rail and water lines, and the competition between markets and be- tween transportation lines, by Mr. Albert Fink, of Louisville, Ky................... No. 2. Answers to inquiries in relation to commerce between the Western States and the States on the Atlantic seaboard, and to the various interior lines of transport by lake and by rail between the West and the seaboard, by Mr. J. D. Hayes, of Detroit, Mich...... No. 3. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of New York City, and the commercial movements to and from that city on rail and water lines, by Mr. Theodore F. Lees, general agent of the New York Cheap Transpor- No. 4. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Chicago and the commercial movements to and from that city, by Mr. Charles Randolph, secretary of the Board of Trade of Chicago.... No. 5. Answers to inquiries in relation to commercial movements to and from the State of Iowa, the various lines of transport from that State to South- ern and Eastern markets, State regulations of freight-charges on railroads at the West, and the general course of commerce of the Northwestern No. 6. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Boston, the com- mercial movements to and from that city, and the transportation-lines of the State of Massachusetts, by Mr. Hamilton A. Hill, of Boston, Mass.... 100-106 No. 7. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Baltimore and the commercial movements to and from that city, by Mr. George U. Porter, sec- retary of the Baltimore Board of Trade No. 8. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Cincinnati, the com- mercial movements to and from that city, and the various transportation- lines connecting Cincinnati with Southern and Eastern markets, by Mr. Sidney D. Maxwell, superintendent of the Cincinnati Chamber of Com- No. 9. Answers to inquiries in relation to the trade and manufactures of Cleve- land, Ohio, by Mr. William Melhinch, of Cleveland, Ohio.................. No. 10. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Toledo, by Mr. C. F. Wales, secretary of the Toledo Board of Trade.... No. 11. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Boston, the com- mercial movements to and from that city, and the transportation-lines of the State of Massachusetts, by Mr. Curtis Guild, of Boston, Mass........ 134-140 No. 12. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Buffalo and the commercial movements to and from that city, by Mr. William Thurston, No. 15. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Minnesota, and the commercial movements to and from that State by river, by lake, and by No. 16. Answers to inquiries in relation to the commerce of Louisville, and the commercial movements to and from that city by river and by rail, by Mr. C. H. Pope, of Louisville, Ky................... No. 17. The law of the State of Massachusetts to secure publicity and uniform- No. 23. Tonnage entered at Montreal, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Balti- more, New Orleans, and San Francisco from 1853 to 1876. No. 24. Statement exhibiting land concessions by Congress to States and cor- No. 25. Recapitulation of statement exhibiting land concessions by acts of Congress to States and corporations for railroad purposes, to the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1876........ No. 26. Number of acres of land granted by Congress for railroads each year.... No. 27. Statement exhibiting land-grants by Congress for canal purposes from No. 28. Public lands granted for canal purposes to June 30, 1876 No. 29. Statement showing the amount of bonds issued to the Pacific Railway Companies, with the interest paid and due thereon at the close of the business of the Treasury Department December 30, 1876...... No. 30. Railroads of the world. Statement showing the mileage of railroads in each country and State at the close of the year 1875 ... No. 31. Progress of railway construction in the United States from 1830 to 1875, inclusive. (From Manual of the Railroads of the United States, by H. V. No. 32. Statement showing the length of main line, and of other lines, controlled by some of the principal railroad companies of the United States in 1876. No. 33. Statement showing the number of square miles of territory to each mile of road, and to each mile of track, in each geographical group of No. 34. Statement showing the total exports of cotton and the quantity ex- ported to each country from 1856 to 1876......................... No. 36. Statement showing the quantity of cotton consumed in Great Britain and the quantity imported from the United States from 1830 to 1876, in- No. 40. Statement of flour, meal, and grain received at tide-water by canal from 1861 to 1876, inclusive. (From the annual report of the auditor of the State of New York, on Tolls, Trade, and Tonnage)................. No. 41. Direct exports of American produce from Chicago to Europe during No. 42. Receipts of flour and grain at Boston, by rail, direct and coastwise- 1868 to 1876. (Compiled from annual reports of the railroad commissioners No. 43. Statement showing the receipts, exports, and local consumption of flour and grain at Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore... No. 44. Statement showing the length of main branches and leased lines oper- ated and controlled by some of the principal railroad companies of the No. 46. Formula for ascertaining the cost of railroad-transportation per ton per mile. (By Albert Fink, esq., of Louisville, Ky.)........................ Page 7, line 8, for "4-5” read “10-11." Page 8, line 1, after "direction" read "East of the Mississippi River." Page 8, line 52, for “$16,000,000" read "$2,000,000;" and for "$1,280,000" read Page 10, line 10, omit "not." Page 12, line 33, read "low" for "lowest." Page 24, line 48, for "protected" read "perfected." Page 27, line 3, answer 12, after "shipped " read "by routes," and for "15" read "1.5." Page 32, last line of answer 21, for “236” read “23.6," and for "118" read "11.8." Page 34, line 2, after "the" read "northern." Page 36, line 30, omit "not to make unjust discriminations." Page 39, line 31, omit "distance and " and read "a." Page 40, line 2, question 33, for "a" read "the." Page 40, lines 10-12, answer 33, for "Werbünde" read "Verbünde," and in last line Page 40, line 23, after “ship” read “ten.” Page 41, line 6, for “sure” read “safe,” and in line 10, for “smaller" read “larger." Page 41, line 45, for "$2,486,500 " read "$2,956,500." Page 41, line 51, for “only” read “not.” Page 41, line 58, omit "and greater loads it." Page 41, line 58, for "capacity" read "loads." Page 42, line 19, after "in" read "the want of." Page 42, line 66, for "1868" read "1872." Page 43, line 2, question 37, for "classes" read "charges." Page 43, line 4, answer 37, for "proportionate " read "proportion to." Page 43, line 9, after "cent" read "for any additional tonnage that might be thrown Page 45, line 6, omit " where it is open to competition to many other lines." Page 45, line 2 from bottom of page, for “their” read “these.” Page 46, line 5, before "Railroad" read "in," and omit "take effect." Page 46, line 6, for "As" read "as." Page 46, line 19, for "they" read "the rates." Page 46, line 40, after "roads," and before "that," read "and." Page 47, line 6, for "their" read "this." Page 47, line 23, for "understood" read "understands." Page 47, line 25, for "wonders" read "much." Page 47, line 1, answer 41, after "cost" read "of operation." Page 114, instead of "Sydney D. Maxwell, Secretary," read "Sidney D. Maxwell, Page 124, 7th line from bottom, instead of natural read national. Page 126, 7th line from bottom, insert center after the word railway. APPENDIX NO. 1. ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES IN RELATION TO THE COMMERCIAL MOVEMENTS BETWEEN THE WESTERN AND THE SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF STATES, THE ECONOMY OF TRANSPORT ON RAIL AND WATER LINES, AND THE COMPETITION BETWEEN MARKETS AND BETWEEN TRANSPORTATION LINES, BY MR. ALBERT FINK, OF LOUISVILLE, KY., 1876. Question 1. An effort is being made to ascertain the quantity of flour, grain, live animals, and provisions shipped from States north of the State of Arkansas and north of the Ohio River into States south of those limits during the year 1875. Will you please state the lines of transportation east of the Mississippi River by which such products are carried into the Southern States? Answer. The following are the principal lines between the West and the South engaged in transportation of western produce: 1. Louisville and Nashville Railroad, from Louisville to Nashville, 185 miles long. At Louisville this road connects with roads from Cincinnati, Chicago, Saint Louis, and all points West and North. At Nashville, connects with Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, 151 miles long; then with Western and Atlantic Railroad, 138 miles, from Chattanooga to Atlanta. Total distance, Louisville to Atlanta, 474 miles. Atlanta is the chief distributing point for western produce to the State of Georgia, and through it passes the western produce to the Atlantic seaboard. 2. Louisville and Nashville Railroad to Nashville, as above, 185 miles; Nashville and Decatur Railroad, Nashville to Decatur, 122 miles; Decatur to Montgomery and to Selma, via South and North Alabama Railroad, 183 miles; total length from Louisville to Montgomery and Selma, 490 miles. Montgomery and Selma, Ala., are the distributing points for western produce for Alabama, Southern Georgia, and Western Florida. 3. Saint Louis and Southeastern Railroad, from Saint Louis to Nashville, 316 miles. At Evansville this road connects with roads from Chicago, the West and Northwest, also with Ohio River steamers. At Nashville it connects with Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad and the Nashville and Decatur Railroad, (Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company lessees,) same as routes Nos. 1 aud 2. 4. The Nashville and Northwestern Railroad, (now consolidated with Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad.) This road connects at Cairo, via New Orleans, Saint Louis and Chicago Railroad, and Columbus, via Mobile and Ohio Railroad, with roads from Chicago and Saint Louis, (the Illinois Central, Saint Louis and Iron Mountain, and Saint Louis and Cairo Short Line,) as well as with steamboats and barges on Missis sippi and Ohio Rivers. At Nashville it makes same connections as routes Nos. 1 and 2. 5. Steamers on Cumberland River, connecting at Nashville with Nashville and Chattanooga and Nashville and Decatur Railroads, same as routes Nos. 1 and 2. 6. Steamers on Tennessee River connect at Johnsonville with Nashville and Northwestern Railroad, via Nashville, same as routes Nos. 1 and 2. 7. Memphis and Charleston Railroad connects at Memphis with steamers and barges on Mississippi River from Saint Louis and all points on river; runs from Memphis to Chattanooga, 310 miles, and thence, as via route No. 1, to Atlanta. 8. Memphis and Charleston Railroad, from Memphis to Decatur, 188 miles, and from Decatur, via South and North Alabama Railroad, to Montgomery and Selma, 183 miles. Total, Memphis to Montgomery or Selma, 371 miles. 9. Cairo to Grand Junction, via New Orleans, Saint Louis and Chicago Railroad, 154 miles; thence, via Memphis and Charleston Railroad, 136 miles, to Decatur, and via South and North Alabama Railroad, 183 miles, to Montgomery or Selma; also from Grand Junction, via Memphis and Charleston Railroad, to Chattanooga, 258 miles, and thence to Atlanta. 10. Columbus, Ky., via Mobile and Ohio Railroad, to Corinth, 143 miles, and thence, via Memphis and Charleston Railroad, to Chattanooga, 226 miles, and thence to Atlanta, and also from Corinth, via Decatur, (Memphis and Charleston Railroad,) 95 miles, and thence, via South and North Alabama Railroad, to Montgomery and Selma. 11. Steamers and barges on Mississippi River to Vicksburgh, and thence by rail, Vicksburgh to Meridian, (Vicksburgh and Meridian Railroad,) 140 miles; Meridian to Selma, (Alabama Central Railroad,) 108 miles; Selma to Montgomery, (Western Rail |