Canada expeditions of 1709, and 1711, led this province and all the other British provinces to the northward of it, into a pernicious paper currency, called publick bills of credit; their first paper currency was emitted 1709 of 3000l. to be cancelled by taxes the same year, and 1711 they emitted 5000l. to be cancelled by taxes 1712 and 1713, and afterwards many emiffions for charges of government + and loans amongst themselves, but never did run fuch depreciating lengths, as has been done in New-England. See the article of plantation currencies in the appendix.

At prefent the Weft-Jersey money of currency is in value equal to that of the adjoining province of Penfylvania; the Eaft-Jersey currency is the fame with the adjacent province of New-York; their respective dealings, being almost folely with the respective adjoining provinces. Penfylvania paper currency was at firft emitted at the value of proclamation money; which is 6s. currency equal in value to a heavy Spanish piece of eight; but at present a mild piece or Spanish dollar paffes for 7s. 6d. currency, a heavy piftole 27 s. a guinea 34 s. and moidores 44 S. New-York paper currency was at firft emitted at 8s. per oz. filver: at present a dollar or mild piece of eight being 7 8ths of one oz. filver, is 8s. currency, piftoles 28 s. if not under 4d. 6 grains wt.. guineas 35 s. moidores 45s.

Their various fectaries, not in religion, but in religious modes of worship, may be found in a general article of the section of Rhode-Ifland; we fhall only obferve that this colony was firft fettled by prefbyterians, anabaptifts, and quakers, who to this time ftill prevail; notwithstanding of the great charge of miffionaries from the fociety for propagating the gospel,

The forces raised there towards the late Cuba or Spanish WeftIndia expedition, and afterwards of 5 companies of 100 men each, towards a feint expedition against Canada 1746, was a confiderable charge to them in levying and victualling..

who

who by mistake seem to embarrass the chriftian religion in general, more than to cultivate it. Why fhould religious, pious, and sober christians, induftrious, frugal, and orderly common-wealths men, be thus disturbed and perplexed, in their legally tolerated way, differing from the miffionary established church, not in doctrine, but in fome ancestorial innocent modes of worship : while at the fame time the heathen Indians, the principal object of their miffions, as may well be imagined, neither civilized nor chriftianized, are wholly neglected by them?

Inhabitants of the Jerfies, men, women, and children, are reckoned at about 50,000, whereof 10,000 may be reckoned a training militia.

The valuation of the feveral counties, that is, their proportions in every thousand pound tax, a few years

fince, ftood thus,

EAST-JERSIES.

Somerset 391.
Monmouth

Middlesex 115

Effex

Bergen

169 10

The two new out counties of Morris, and Trent, seem hitherto not reduced to any regulations.

Succeffion of governors in the province of New-Jersey.

The affair of governors is above intermixed with the history of the various changes of the property and jurifdiction ; we shall now recapitulate what relates to government and governors in a connected and concife

manner.

and

The duke of York had a grant of the property government of New-Netherlands from his brother Charles II. March 12, 1663-4. Duke of York by commiffion,

April 2, 1664, appointed Richard Nichols, Efq; his lieut. governor or deputy of the whole New-Netherlands, but did not enter upon his government until August 27, 1664.

Upon the duke of York's affignment, June 24, 1664, of that part called the Jerfies to lord Berkley and Sir George Carteret, they appointed Philip Carteret their governor; after fix months refidence he went to England, and foon returned to his government; but 1672, a turbulent people, to evade paying quit-rents, alledge that they did not hold of the proprietors Berkley and Carteret, but by Indian grants; they relinquifhed governor Carteret, and chofe a governor of their own; governor Carteret went home with complaints, and did not return till November 1674, a Dutch jurifdiction upon a reconqueft intervening from July 1673, to November 16743 Berkley and Carteret had a divifional separate grant from the duke of York 1674, and Sir George Carteret sent over Philip Carteret, governor of Eaft-Jerfies; duke of York kept the jurifdiction of Weft-Jerfey in his own hands by deputies. Nichols and Andros were governors of New-York and Weft-Jersey for the duke of York.

Because of some differences between governor Andros of New-York and governor Carteret of Eaft-Jersey, Andros ufurped the government of Eaft-Jerfey 1680, and fent from New-York to Elizabeth-town fome foldiers, they used governor Carteret rudely, they broke open his houfe, carried him from his naked bed on board of the floop to New-York, where he was kept prifoner the greateft part of the year: governor Andros favoured the Indian grant proprietors, with a defign to foment divifions and confufion, divide et impera: upon complaints fent home to the duke of York, Andros was dif miffed from that government with a fhew of resentment, and the duke of York gave new deeds to the proprietors of the Eaft and Weft-Jerfies, with exprefs grants of these powers, which Sir Edmond Andros pretended were wanting, the better to juftify his former

conduct;

conduct; by virtue of these new grants dated 1680, the proprietors were next year re-established in the NewJerfies; Philip Carteret died governor of East-Jersey, November 1682; to prevent irregular purchases of the Indians, the affembly of Eaft-Jerfey, 1683, paffed an act "forbidding the taking of any Indian deeds but in the "name of the lords proprietors, upon the pain of be"ing profecuted as feditious perfons, and as breakers of "the king's peace, and of the publick peace and fafety "of the province;" the fame act, but fomething more fevere, was paffed in Weft-Jersey.

In the Weft-Jersey, upon the duke of York's quitting the government to the affignees of lord Berkley, 1680, one of the affignees or proprietors was by them appointed governor, and to him, 1690, fuceeeded Dr. Daniel Cox, who had purchased the greatest part of the Weft-Jersey.

In the Eaft-Jersey upon the duke of York's new deed to the proprietors, Robert Barclay, a noted quaker writer, was made governor; fometimes he officiated by a deputy, 1684 Gawen Laurie was his deputy, and continued till 1685; foon after this, king James affumed the government, but upon the revolution, the proprietors were restored to their former rights, and appointed John Totham, Efq; for their governor, who was fucceeded by col. Dudley; but the people fcrupled to obey them, and the proprietors appointed col. Hamilton for governor.

After some time the people alledged, that as a Scotsman he could not be governor of an English colony, and a party of the proprietors appointed Mr. Baffe governor ; foon after, another party of the proprietors did again appoint col. Hamilton, Auguft 14, 1699, and not long after, fome of the proprietors appointed Mr. Baffe again; thefe appointments were not confirmed by the king, Mr. Bowne fuperfeded them; thefe times in the

I

Eaft

Eaft-Jerfies were called the revolutions, † and was go vernor when the proprietors of both Jerfies, because of diffenfions amongst themselves in appointing governors, and from the confufions occafioned by the Indian grants men, found it advisable to refign the government, but no other of their rights, to the crown, 1702.

Thus both Jerfies were united in one jurisdiction, and had for their governor the fame perfon who was governor of the province of New-York; fee the fection of New-York, vol. II. p. 249, viz., lord Cornbury, col. Hunter, William Burnet, Efq; col. Montgomery, and col. Colby.

Upon Colby's death, lieut. governor Clarke, 1736, fucceeded in the command of New-York, but not in that of the Jerfies, which in courfe fell into the hands of the prefident of the council of the Jerfies; ever fince, the governors of New-York and of the Jerfies have been in diftinct perfons.

Lewis Morris, Efq; formerly chief juftice of the province of New-York, was the first diftinct governor of the Jerfies; he died May 14, 1746; to him fucceeded

Jonathan Belcher, Efq; formerly governor of the provinces of Maffachusetts-Bay and New-Hampshire, fee vol. I. p. 481, was nominated by the king for governor of the Jerfies, and arrived there foon after he continues governor at this prefent writing, Auguft 1751. His

:

+ During the revolutions in the alternate administrations of Hamilton and Baffe from 1698 to the refignation of the government to the crown, there were in the province continued confufions, mutual breaking of goals, refcuing of prisoners, beating and abufing of civil officers; fometimes the chief command was in the council; the refignation of those governments to the crown by Sir Thomas Lane knight and alderman of London, agent for Weft-Jersey, and of William Dockwray, the famous projector of the useful, and to the publick revenue of Great-Britain beneficial, penny post office, agent for EastJerfey.

* Governor Hunter was allowed by the general assembly of the Jerfies, during his administration, 500l. per ann, currency, and 100l. for contingencies.