4 Reduce of an C.wt. to the fraction of a lb. To reduce the value or quantity of a fraction to the known parts of an integer; RULE. Multiply the numerator by the common parts of the integer, and divide by the denominator. 1 Reduce EXAMPLES. of a pound to its proper value. 2 Reduce 18 of a shilling to its value. 3 Reduce of 5l. 9s. to its value. 24 Reduce 12 of a pound troy to its value. of 10C. 1gr. 12lb. to its value. ། 5 Reduce facit 5d. 4l. 13s. 5d. 9oz. facit 8C. 1gr. 25lb. 1oz. 73dr. 6 Reduce of a mile to its value. facit 4fur. 125 yds. 2ft. lin. 24b.c. of an ell English to its value. facit lyd. 7 Reduce of a yard ? of an acre? answer 3qr. 11⁄2na. 1R. 2 pls. 7hr. 12min. of a French crown? answer 83d. 13 What is the value sterling of of an English guinea; and what in Pennsylvania currency? answer 48 8d. sterling, 7s 9d. Pennsylvania currency. 14 What is the value sterling of of a moidore; and what in Pennsylvania currency P answer il is 7d. sterling, 1l 16s. currency. CASE 9. To reduce any given value, or quantity, to the fraction of any greater denomination of the same kind RULE. Reduce the given quantity to its lowest term mentioned, for a numerator, and the integer into the same name for a denominator; which reduce to their lowest terms. Note 1. If a fraction be given, multiply both parts by the denominator thereof, and to the numerator add the numerator of the given fraction. 2. Cases 8 and 9 prove each other. EXAMPLES. 1 Reduce 13s 4d. to the fraction of a pound. 2 Reduce 5d. to the fraction of a shilling. 3 Reduce 9oz. troy to the fraction of a lb. 4 What part of 5l 9s. is 4l 13s 5d.4 ? facitis. 3lb. answer & 5 Reduce 3C. 8lb. 9oz. 13dr. to the fraction of a ton. facitton. 6 Reduce 2ft. 8in. 14b.c. to the fraction of a yard. facityd. 7 Reduce lyd. to the fraction of an ell English. facit fell. 8 Reduce 3qr. 2na. to the fraction of a yard. facityd. 9 Reduce 1R. 30P. to the fraction of an acre. facit acre. 10 Reduce 13hr. 30min. to the fraction of a day. To reduce fractions from one denomination to another of the same value, having the numerator of the required fraction given ;. RULE. As the numerator of the given fraction Is to the denominator; So is the numerator of the intended fraction To its denominator. *Note. As the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth cases are seldom useful, they may be taught, or omitted, at the option of the teacher. EXAMPLES. 1 Reduce EXAMPLES. to a fraction of the same value, whose nume rator shall be 15. 2 Reduce As 3 4 15: 20 facit =). to a fraction of the same value, the numerator of which shall be 42. facit 3 Reduce to a fraction of the same value, the numerator of which shall be 34. facit 34 4 Reduce to the fraction of the same value, the numerator of which shall be 73. CASE 11. 73 facit 3៖ To reduce fractions from one denomination to another of the same value, having the denominator of the required fraction given; RULE. As the denominator of the given fraction Is to its numerator; So is the denominator of the intended fraction To its numerator. Note. Cases 10 and 11 prove each other. EXAMPLES. 1 Reduce to a fraction of the same value, whose denominator shall be 20. As 4 3 20 15 facit 15=1. 2 Reduce to a fraction of the same value, the denominator of which shall be 49. 3 Reduce to a fraction of the same value, the denominator of which shall be 46. facit 428 facit 241 facit 13 343 4 Reduce to a fraction of the same value, the denominator of which shall be 1313 CASE 12. To reduce a mixt fraction to a simple one; RULE. Multiply each term of the principal fraction by the denominator of that annexed, for the like term of the simple fraction, adding the annexed numerator to the product of the term to which it belongs. Reduce the given fractions (if necessary) to simple fractions, and to a common denominator (omitting integers :) Place the suin of the numerators over the common denominator; then to the value of said fractions add the integers (if any.) If fractions be of different integers, find their values separately, and add as in compound addition. 4 Add of and of 18 together. 6 Add, and 17 together. 7 Add 121, 33, and 43 together. 3 1 8 Add 6, 7 of, of, and 7 together. 9 Add,, of, and 9, together. 10 Add of a penny to of a pound. 20 11 Add of a pound to of a shilling. 12 Add of a lb. Troy to 12 of an oz. L2 facit 6oz. 11dwt. 16gr. 13 Add 19 What is the sumof of a L. a penny ? 20 What is the sum of 4 of 15L. and of of a shilling? 21 Add of 12L. +43L. +} of shilling into one sum. facit 8hr. 30min. of an hour togefacit 2da. 14hr. and of a mile togefacit 1540yd. 2ft. 9in. of a shilling, and of answer 3s 1d. 110gr. 33L. } of § of 3 of a L. answer 71 17s 5d.04qr. of a L. +3 of of a facit 91 8s 8d. 0gr. 12 22 If a merchant owns of a ship, valued at 1500l. and buys another person's share of her, which is belongs to him, and what is it worth? what part answer 1, worth 1031/ 5s. SUBTRACTION OF VULGAR FRACTIONS. RULE. Prepare the fractions as in addition, and subtract the lower numerator from the upper, placing the difference over the common denominator. If the lower numerator be the greater, subtract it from the common denominator, adding in the upper numerator, and carry 1 to the units place of the integer. If fractions be of different integers, find their values separately, and subtract as in compound subtraction. 1 From take f 111 EXAMPLES. HJ-3-444-339-108-27, facit. 2 From take. 100 3 From 961 take 144. 4 From 96 take . |