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20. Addition is the process of uniting two or more numbers into one sum.

21. The Sum, or Amount, is the number which contains as many units as all the numbers combined.

22. The Sign of Addition is +. It is called plus, which means more. Placed between two numbers, it shows that they are to be added.

23. The Sign of Equality is =. It denotes that the quantities between which it stands are equal.

Thus, 4+5=9 is read, 4 plus 5 equals 9, and it means that the sum of 4 and 5 is 9.

24. Like numbers only can be added; that is, those of the same kind or denomination. The Sum, or Amount, is of the same denomination as the numbers added.

25. A Problem is a question proposed for solution. 26. A Solution is a statement of the steps pursued in the operation.

27. The Operation is a representation of the several steps in the solution of a problem.

28. The Conclusion is a re-statement of the terms of the problem, with the answer obtained.

29. A Rule is a direction for performing the operation, and is usually derived from the solution of one or more problems.

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EXAMPLE.-If I have two marbles in one hand and one in the other, how many have I in both?

SOLUTION.-If I have two marbles in one hand and one in the other, I have in both hands the sum of two marbles and one marble, which is three marbles.

CONCLUSION.-Therefore, if I have two marbles in one hand and one in the other, I have three marbles in both.

1. If I hold up two fingers of one hand and one of the other, how many fingers do I hold up?

2. Mary has two books and Jennie has two; how many books have both?

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3. If I hold up three fingers of one hand and two of the other, how many fingers do I hold up?

4. Ruth had two pens, and her brother gave her three more; how many had-she then?

5. A boy has three books in one hand and four in the other; how many books has he?

6. How many are four cents and two cents?

7. A man earned five dollars while his son earned two dollars; how much did both earn?

8. James had four cents, and his father gave him five more; how many had he then?

9. There are three horses in one barn and three in another barn; how many horses in both barns?

10. How many days are four days and six days? 11. There are two cows in one field and eight in another; how many cows in both fields?

12. How many are five peaches and five peaches? 13. George bought six apples for his mother and three for his sister; how many apples did he buy?

14. A farmer got in five loads of hay one day and six loads another day; how many loads did he get in in both days?

15. Henry's father gave him seven cents, and his brother gave him five; how many cents did both give him?

16. John worked six days one week and six days the next week; how many days did he work in the two weeks?

17. I have six cherries in one hand and eight cherries in the other; how many have I in both hands?

18. Thomas has seven apples in one basket and nine in another; how many has he in both?

19. There are seven sheep in one pen and seven in another; how many sheep in both pens?

20. How many are seven dollars and four dollars and two dollars?

21. I had nine trees in the yard, and I set out five more; how many trees now in the yard?

22. Cora bought some paper for eight cents and some pens for eight cents; how much did she spend?

23. James had eight plums, and John had four; how many had they in all?

24. There were ten wild ducks flying, when four more joined them; how many ducks then in the flock?

25. How many are eight cents and five cents?

26. There are seven books on one desk and six on another; how many books on both desks?

27. Joseph had three cents, and his brother gave him eight more; how many had he then ?

28. One hen had four chickens, and another had nine; how many chickens had both hens?

29. Herbert had four apples, his brother gave him three, and his sister two; how many did he then have?

30. One word contains ten letters, and another seven; how many letters in both words?

31. Mary had nine books, and her mother gave her three more; how many had she then?

32. A man gave nine dollars for a plow and six for a harrow; how much did he give for both?

33. How many are nine dollars and three dollars and four dollars?

34. David gave seven cents for apples and eight cents for peaches; how many cents did he spend?

35. How many are six and three and five?

36. A boy bought a pencil for ten cents and some pens for five; what did both cost?

37. How many are eight birds and seven birds and two birds?

38. William spent nine cents for pears and eight for plums; how many cents did he spend?

39. In one window there are nine panes of glass, in another six; how many are there in both?

40. How many are eight and five and three?

41. Susan had eight pears; her father gave her five, and her mother three; how many had she then?

42. How many are seven and five and six?

43. Jane paid seven cents for a spool of thread, nine cents for pins, and four cents for tape; how much did she pay for all?

44. A drover bought six cattle of one farmer, three of another, and seven of another; how many did he buy from all?

45. Susan read eight pages of her new book on Monday, seven on Tuesday, and five on Wednesday; how many did she read in the three days?

46. Harry carried in six sticks of wood at one load, nine at another, and seven at another; how many sticks in all?

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