LESSON XIX.

SUGGESTION.-When numbers are large, Subtraction can be most easily performed by first subtracting the tens of the subtrahend and then the units. 32-17 what? 32 - 1 ten = 22; 227 = 15.

2. Add the columns in No. 1.

3. Subtract 41 from 67; 19 from 41; 41 from 95. 4. Find the difference between 55 and 93; 26 and 73. 5. Take 44 from 71; 33 from 81; 22 from 91.

6. How much is 28 less than 45? 38 less than 55? 7. Subtract 66 from 110; 58 from 120; 57 from 130.

8. Answer the following inquiries :

SUGGESTION.-Subtract hundreds first, then tens, and lastly units.

NOTE. Use the blackboard at first, but do not allow pupils to write

results. Dispense with the use of slate, paper, and blackboard as soon as possible, and thus make the exercises purely mental.

3. A man travelled 8 miles before breakfast, 30 miles

more before midday, and 40 more after midday. How much did he lack of travelling 100 miles?

Solution.-1. The process is 8+ 30+40=78; 100 — 78 = 22.

2. He lacked the difference between 100 miles and the sum of 8 miles, 30 miles, and 40 miles.

3. Therefore, he lacked 22 miles of travelling 100 miles.

4. A piece of ground cost $13 for improvement and $36 for cultivation. Its products amounted to $48. How much did the owner lose?

5. A farmer sheared 500 sheep in 2 weeks. The first week he sheared 270. How many did he shear the second week?

6. Mr. Smith owes his butcher, grocer, and baker $365. He owes his grocer $220. How much does he owe the other two?

7. From 525 subtract 200 + 5.

8. I owed a man $17 and gave him in part payment $8 worth of corn. How much remained due him?

9. A man bought sugar for 9 dollars and sold it for $15. How much did he gain?

10. A girl lives 12 blocks away. After she has passed 7 blocks, how many more must she pass before reaching home?

11. From the sum of 9 and 5 subtract 10.

12. What remains of $3.75 after $1.64 has been spent? 13. I have read 40 pages in a book which contains 90 pages. How many pages remain to be read?

14. Four years ago Dickinson left school. He is now 19. How old was he then?

15. A farmer bought a cow for $20 and sold her for $30. How much did he gain?

16. A man earns $25 a week and spends $7 a week for board. How much does he save each week?

17. A school has 29 pupils. 19 are girls. How many are boys?

18. If an ox costing $36 was sold for $50, what was the gain?

19. If in a school of 45 pupils 15 are promoted, how many failed of promotion?

20. I had a certain number of sheep, bought 7, sold 11, and then had none left. How many had I at first?

LESSON XXI.

1. A boy paid 5 dimes for a knife, 10 dimes for a book, and 15 dimes for a hat. How many dimes did he pay for all?

Solution.-5 dimes +10 dimes + 15 dimes = 30 dimes. Therefore, he paid for all 30 dimes.

2. Henry had 29 cents and earned 10 cents more. How much had he then?

3. I paid 50 cents for apples, 40 cents for peaches, and 10 cents for pears. How much did I pay for all?

4. A horse cost $75 and a carriage $25 more than the horse. What did both cost?

5. A grain dealer paid $85 for wheat, $15 for corn, and $15 for oats. How much did he pay for all?

6. A carriage cost $30 more than a cart. How much did both cost if $38 was paid for the cart.?

7. A wagon cost me $85; the repairing of it, $14. I then sold it at a profit of $11. Find the selling price.

8. On Monday a depositor had in bank a balance of $55. On Tuesday his balance was $45 larger. What was his total balance on Tuesday?

9. A desk cost $35, a bureau $20 more, and a mirror as much as both the desk and bureau. Find the cost of all. 10. From 106 take the sum of 55 and 44.

11. A man earned $150 per month. He paid $25 for rent and $70 for other expenses. He saved monthly how much?

12. Cotton was first planted in the United States about 1759. How long ago?

13. A man gave his oldest son $400, his second son $125 less, and his third son $25 less than the second. How much did all receive?

14. A man dies worth $1200. He leaves $800 to his daughter, and the remainder to his son. What did the son receive?

15. A merchant bought 50 barrels of flour for $500. He sold 25 barrels for $200. How many barrels remained, and how much must he sell them for that he may lose. nothing?

LESSON XXII.

1. Mr. A. started out to walk 40 miles, but after he had walked 29 miles he stopped. He had to walk how many more miles to complete the distance?

2. When 17 is subtracted from 46, how many tens and how many units remain ?

3. A horse and cow cost together $276. If the cow cost $61, what did the horse cost?

4. If a man bought a horse for $125 and sold him for $185, what was his gain?

5. A farmer had 378 sheep and sold 256. How many had he left?

6. I bought a horse for $185 and sold it for $212. How much did I gain?

7. A drover bought some sheep for $40 and some cattle for $130; he then sold them all for $200. How much did he gain?

8. I bought a watch for $100, a chain for $37, and sold both for $92. How much did I lose?