147. A dealer gained 15% when he sold bran at $1.15 per hundredweight. What per cent would he gain by selling it at $22.50 per ton?

148. A woman paid 45¢ for a dozen eggs that weighed 21 oz. At this rate what is a dozen eggs worth that weighs 28 oz.?

149. The four sides of a tract of land measure 1081 rd., 116 rd., 75 rd., and 100 rd. The last two sides form a right angle. Find the number of acres in the tract.

150. Find the interest on $60 for 1 day at 6%.

151. A class of 150 pupils was examined in grammar, 20% of them being boys and the rest girls. If 16% of the boys and 20% of the girls failed, what per cent of the class passed?

152. At what price must I purchase 3% stock (par value $100) to secure the same rate of income that I obtain from 4% stock (par value $50) purchased at $597 per share, brokerage % in each case?

153. What is the cost of a city square, exclusive of streets, at $1000 per acre, if the square is of a mile long and of a mile wide, measuring from the center of a 60 ft. street on each side?

154. A father willed $6600 to his two sons, whose ages are 11 years and 16 years respectively, so that they may have equal sums on coming of age, if the money is loaned at 5%; how much did each receive?

155. A whitewash adopted by the United States Government is composed of 10 parts of freshly slaked lime to 1 part of hydraulic potash, and the whole is mixed with salt water. How much potash must be mixed with 2 bu. 2 pk. of lump lime, if the lump lime in slaking doubles its volume?

156. A school was open 20 da. during a certain month; 6 pupils attended every day, 8 attended 19 da., 4 attended 18 da., 4 attended 17 da., and 1 attended 8 da. the average daily attendance for that month.

Find

157. Find the average cost per pound of 10 lb. of Japan tea costing 75¢ per pound, 40 lb. of Formosa costing 60¢ per pound, 80 lb. of Salada costing 60 per pound, and 90 lb. of Ceylon costing 70 per pound.

158. A man owns the northwest corner lot, rectangular in form, fronting 100 ft. on New Street, which runs east and west, and 80 ft. on State Street, which runs north and south. Along each street a pavement 10 ft. wide is taken from the lot. Back 20 ft. from each street the ground is staked out for a house fronting 40 ft. on New Street, the house to be 30 ft. wide.

(a) Make a drawing, scale in. to 10 ft., representing the outline of the pavements, the lot, and the cellar of the house.

(b) Find the number of square yards of the lot that remains after the pavement is made and the house built.

SUPPLEMENT

LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

1. To locate places on the surface of the earth, a circumference called the meridian of Greenwich, is supposed to be drawn through Greenwich, England, and the north and south poles of the earth. Halfway, or 90°, from either pole another circumference, called the equator, is supposed to be drawn east and west around the earth. These two circumferences divide each other into two equal parts of 180° each.

2. The meridian of a place is the half circumference supposed to be drawn from pole to pole through the place. It is divided by the equator into two equal parts of 90° each.

3. The meridian of Greenwich is called the prime meridian, and its opposite meridian, or the other half of the circumference of which the prime meridian is one half, is the 180th meridian.

4. The latitude of a place is its distance from the equator measured in degrees upon the meridian of the place, and is north or south according as the place is north or south of the equator.

5. The longitude of a place is the distance in degrees on the equator from the prime meridian to the meridian of the place, and is east or west according as the place is east or west of the prime meridian.

6. Parallels of latitude are circumferences extending east and west around the earth parallel to the equator.

7. The following truths are evident:

1. All places on the equator have no latitude.

2. All places on the same parallel of latitude have the same latitude.

3. All places on the prime meridian have no longitude.

4. All places on the same meridian have the same longitude.

5. The greatest latitude that a place may have is 90°.

6. The greatest longitude that a place may have is 180°, being the distance from the prime meridian to the 180th meridian.

Exercise 1

How far and in what direction by the shorter arc is :

1. 75° N. from 30° N.?

3. 50° S. from 90° S.?

5. 40° N. from 45° S.?

7. 25° E. from 10° E.? 9. 110° W. from 60° W.? II. 140° E. from 140° W.?

2. 5° N. from 70° N.?

4.

50° S. from 40° S.?

6. 90° S. from 20° N.?

8. 25° E. from 90° E.? 10. 25° W. from 65° W.? 12. 15° W. from 55° E.?

LONGITUDE AND TIME

8. The earth rotates on its axis from west to east in 24 hours. This makes the sun appear to revolve about the earth from east to west once in the same time.

Since the sun appears to revolve through 360° in 24 hours, its apparent motion is 15° per hour, 15' per minute, and 15" per second.

It is noon at any place when the sun is on the meridian of that place, and since the sun apparently moves 15° from east to west in 1 hour, it is then 1 P.M. 15° east of that place, 11 A.M. 15° west of it, 2 P.M. 30° east of it, 10 A.м. 30° west of it, and so on. From this we see that a difference of 15° in the longitude of two places makes a difference of 1 hour in their time. Similarly, a difference of 15' in their longitude makes a difference of 1 minute in their time, and a difference of 15" in their longitude makes a difference of 1 second in their time. Hence :

9. of the number of degrees, minutes, and seconds in the difference of longitude of two places equals the number of hours, minutes, and seconds in the difference of their

time.

10. 15 times the number of hours, minutes, and seconds in the difference of time of two places equals the number of degrees, minutes, and seconds in the difference of their longitude.

REMARK. It is evident from § 8 that places east of any given meridian have later time and those west of it earlier time than places on the meridian.

11. This figure shows the times on different given meridians when the time is noon on the meridian of Greenwich.

MIDNIGHT

Exercise 2

(Refer to figure, Sec. 11, in answering the questions of this exercise; answer

as many as possible orally.)

State how many degrees and in what direction by the shorter arc is: