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multitude of small white stars.

Magic Lantern Slides are easily

composition is rendered white by ation. Your battery is now complete. A little grease rubbed on any part of Home Made Barometer. Fill a the medal will prevent the solution large, wide-mouthed pickle bottle with plating the greased portion. cold water to within two or three inches of the top. Then take a long-painted by observing these few direc necked flask, and plunge the neck into the bottle as far as it will go, and the barometer is made. In fine weather the water will rise into the neck of the flask even higher than the pickle bottle. In wet and windy weather it will fall to within an inch of the mouth of the flask. Before a heavy gale of wind the water will probably leave the flask altogether hours before the gale comes to its height.

Galvanic Battery. Take a large glass or stone jar, with the mouth cut off evenly, and put another cylindrical vessel, of porous porcelain inside it; fill the vessel with diluted sulphuric acid, and the space between the two with sulphate of copper, a solution of the sait of gold, silver, &c., according to what you want to plate the article; put a slip of zinc in the sulphuric acid, and attach a copper wire to it, and the other end of the wire to the medal or article you wish to plate, and immerse that in the other solu

tions :-Draw on paper the subject you intend to paint, and fix it at each end to the glass; trace the outlines of the design with a fine hair pencil in strong tint in their proper colours, and when these are dry, fill up in their proper tints; shade with black, bistre, and vandyke brown, as you find convenient. The colours used are transparent, lake, sap-green, Prussia blue, distilled verdigris, gamboge, &c., ground in oil, and tempered with mastic varnish. Copal varnish may be used in the dark shades.

Maps are best washed in with the following colours: Yellow; gamboge dissolved in water.-Red; Brazil dust steeped in vinegar, and alum added; or, cochineal steeped in water, strained and gum arabic added.—Blue; Saxon blue diluted with water. Green; distilled verdigris dissolved in water, and gum added; or, sap-green dissolved in water, and alum added.

V. DOMESTIC MEDICINE.

What to do.-IN these pages will be found the proper course to pursue in all common ailments, accidents, wounds, aches, and pains. These instructions are not intended to supersede but to assist the doctor. Under each head will be found the easiest and most effectual remedies for various disorders and accidents-always, when so directed, under the advice of the doctor, whose will must be law. The symptoms of disease, poisoning, fits, &c., are all given, and the treatment necessary until the doctor's arrival.

teeth, and as far back as possible. Keep the patient quiet, and he will usually come round in a short time. If not the doctor must be sent for. Fits of epilepsy are recurrent, and usually leave the person in his customary state; but sometimes a considerable degree of stupor remains behind, particularly where the disease is of frequent recurrence.

Apoplexy.-A man in an apoplectic state breathes very hard, like snoring, his face, head and eyes look swollen, and the body is more or less paralysed. Fainting.-Lay the patient flat on Put him to bed and send for the the back, and do not raise the head at doctor instantly. Until he comes keep all, but allow it to remain on the same the head well raised, remove the collar, level as the rest of the body. Loosen &c., and let him be kept easy and collar, and anything tight about the cool; apply hot mustard poultices to neck and body; apply smelling salts the soles of the feet and the thighsto the nose, and hot flannels to the inside. The patient must be bled bosom, heart, and armpits; dash cold freely from the arm as directed (see water in the face; when able to swal-blood-letting), and have rags dipped low give a little sal-volatile (say twenty in vinegar and water, or even plain drops) in water. The great point is to keep the head low.

Hysterics.-Lay the patient flat on the back, and keep the head low. Apply smelling salts and cold water as above. Give a little brandy and hot water, and warm the feet. If these fits recur often, medical advice must be sought. Hysterical fits are distinguished by the laughing, screaming and crying which accompany them.

Epilepsy.-Boys are most subject to these fits. There is usually froth from the mouth, and great agitation of the body, the hands being tightly clenched. Lay the patient flat on his back, and raise the head a little. Loosen his shirt-collar, braces, waistcoat, &c., and hold him firmly or he will do harm to himself; splash the face well with cold water, and use smelling salts. To prevent the tongue being bitten insert the handle of a tooth-brush, or some such article, right across the mouth between the

cold water applied to the head. The bowels must be opened, but this is difficult, and had better be left to the doctor. If, however, he does not come quickly, mix eight or ten grains of calomel with two drops of castoroil, and put on the tongue, as far back as you can.

On Fits generally.-Let the above treatment be promptly attended to, and in the case of apoplexy-which is distinguished by the snoring, the paralysis of the body, the swollen head, &c.-send for the doctor with all possible speed, as the patient may die in a few minutes. Simple fainting fits-at the sight of blood, of fright, a shock, &c.-need occasion little alarm, as they seldom last long. In all serious cases give the patient air, send crying children or servants out of the room, keep cool and collected, for remember on your presence of mind the patient's life may depend.

Blood-letting. Only bleed in cases of

the greatest emergency, and when the doctor is delayed. Bind a handkerchief round the right arm, three or four inches above the elbow. Then let the hand be opened and shut; when the veins swell you will see one in the middle of the lower arm which has two branches, and the outer branch is the best to bleed from; hold the lancet (a sharp pen-knife will do) between the thumb and fore-finger, cut the vein slanting and lengthways, not deep. When the pulse subsides enough blood has been taken away. Then remove the bandage, put the left thumb on the cut, and when the bleeding stops put on a pad of lint, and bind it firmly with a handkerchief.

Bruises. One of the very best remedies for all kinds of bruises is tincture of arnica, diluted in from three to four times its bulk of water, and rubbed in carefully. Vinegar and water, Eau de Cologne, brandy, soap liniment or opodeldoc are all excellent remedies if gently rubbed in. In more severe cases, and where the accident is near an important part, as the eye or any of the joints, leeches must be employed, repeating them according to circumstances. It is unwise, however, to bleed unless under the advice of a medical man. If consider able fever be present, bleeding from the arm, purgatives, and low diet, may become necessary. A bread and water poultice and rest will generally do all that is necessary, after the application of the arnica. In the last stage, where there is merely a want of tone and swelling, friction should be employed, either simply or with any common liniment. Wearing a bandage, pumping cold water on the part, succeeded by warm friction, a saturated solution of common salt in water, have each been found successful. A capital liniment is compound soap liniment, one ounce and a half, laudanum, half an ounce; mix and rub in.

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ters, such as glass, splinters, dirt, &c., are in the cut-and then fastened tightly with diachylon (white sticking) plaister. More serious wounds should be promptly treated by the doctor, but until his arrival a weak solution of tincture of arnica (one part to twelve parts of water) may safely be used, bathing the wound well. This is an excellent remedy. If an important part be severely wounded, such as any part of the arms, legs, thighs, &c., attended with a profuse discharge of blood, compres sion, until a surgeon arrives, should be made thus: viz., tie a handkerchief or bandage below the wound, loosely round the limb, put a strong piece of stick, about a foot long, under the handkerchief, and twist it round and round until the bandage is tight enough to check the discharge.

Scratches and Small Cuts should be washed clean in warm water, bathed in a weak solution of tincture of arnica, and strapped up with plaister, or if free from dirt simply bandage with a clean rag. If there is much inflammation apply a bread and water poultice.

Sprains. For sprained wrist_or ancle make two flannel bags, each a foot long by six inches wide, fill them with bran and plunge into boiling water till thoroughly saturated, then squeeze almost dry and apply one, as hot as he can bear it, to the patient's ancle or wrist. Continue this, applying one as soon as the other gets cool, for many hours; then apply a stimulating embrocation, and bandage well up. All strains are assisted in their cure by bandaging, but they should not be applied until hot fomentations, followed by the application of the embrocation with plenty of friction before a fire. This is a great pedestrian's advice. Sprained knees can be treated in the same way.

Dislocations and Fractures.-The danger of interfering with these matters is so great that unless an experiWounds.-Simple, slight cuts only enced and clever surgeon can be need that the edges of the wound immediately obtained, the patient should be placed carefully together should be gently placed in a cab, and first ascertaining that no foreign mat-driven quickly to the nearest hospital,

or, if none near, surgeon's house, keeping the limb as nearly as possible in its natural position.

little bladders appear over the surface, spread on linen or lint a liniment made of equal proportions of linseed oil and lime-water well mixed; or apply a warm linseed meal poultice. As severe burns and scalds are attended with great pain and irritability, and often with considerable danger, a doctor should be promptly sent for, any of these remedies being applied meanwhile.

Accidental Poisoning.-Send for the doctor instantly, and until he comes observe the following. If the thing swallowed causes an intense burning in the throat it is probably a sive" poison, that is, it destroys the textures with which it comes in contact.

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Bites and Stings.--Snake bites are so uncommon in this country that we will simply say that sucking the wound, cutting out the affected parts, and cauterising are necessary. Ammonia is said to be an effectual remedy. Wasps, gnats, bees, &c., sting very frequently, but their victims are easily cured, unless the part attacked be the eye or throat. The sting must be taken out with a needle, and then the place squeezed tightly, sucked, and a liniment of powdered chalk and olive oil in a paste applied to the part. When the sting is inside the mouth or throat, leeches must be at once applied, a strong gargle of salt and water used, and the doctor sent for. For the bites of dogs take immediately warm vinegar or tepid water, and wash the wound very clean; then dry it, and pour upon the wound a few drops of muriatic acid. Mineral acids attack the poison of the saliva, and its evil effect is partially neutralized. This treatment, however, good as it is, is seldom successful, there being no anti-ACCOUNT be given. A mixture of magdote to the bite of a mad dog. The doctor's aid must be sought instantly. Cat bites and scratches may be safely treated with a solution of tincture of arnica freely and perseveringly used.

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Falls where the Patient is Stunned.Undress the patient, put him into a warmed bed, send for the doctor, and let the patient remain untouched until he arrives, even if it be six hours. Nothing but quiet and moderate warmth will do any good.

Burns and Scalds. For all simple burns coat the place well with common flour, or, which is better, powdered whiting, or scraped potato, or cotton-wool with flour thickly dusted over it, or gum water, or sweet oil and bind a cloth over. Even plunging in cold water will do good, as it answers the first necessity,-keeping the injury from the air. Soap scraped up fine, laid on, and bound over, is also excellent. The body should be kept cool, and the bowels rather open. If the burn or scald be more serious, and

Make the patient swallow a glass of sweet or of sperm oil, or melted butter, or lard, whichever is most convenient to use, and then, within five minutes, half a pint of warm water in which has been stirred a teaspoonful each of table mustard and salt. When the poison taken is known to be nitric acid (aqua fortis), sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol), or muriatic acid (spirit of salt), emetics must ON NO

nesia, powdered chalk, or whiting, or plaster from the ceiling, and milk and water, made to a paste, and freely given; or soap and water. When a poison has been swallowed which has no special effect on the throat, but causes sickness at the stomach, faintness, drowsiness, stupor, or any other strikingly unusual or unnatural feeling, let him swallow instantly the whites of a dozen eggs in a quart of water, a glassful every three minutes. and, as quickly as can be prepared, half a pint of coffee made thus: on a teacupful of ground coffee pour half a pint of boiling water. Stir into it the white of an egg. After allowing it to rest a minute or two, pour into a cold cup, and when not too hot let him drink it. Then within five minutes pour a glass of water on a tablespoonful each of ground mustard and table salt, stir, and let him drink it instantly. The egg in the stomach more promptly neutralizes a larger number of poisons than any other

known substance; the coffee acts thus | meal; do not lance unless very slow in on the next largest number, while the ripening. Heal with ointment. mixture relieves the stomach of the whole of its contents by vomiting. These things, too, are always ready and at hand.

In the case of poisoning by laudanum (opium), the symptoms are very like apoplexy, the patient rapidly becoming insensible, and snoring heavily. The first care is to empty the stomach. If sulphate of zinc can be procured, from twenty to thirty grains dissolved in water are to be given immediately. Failing this, a mustard emetic must be administered, and the back of the throat tickled with a feather. Vomiting must be encouraged by copious draughts of tepid water. During this time let the patient be walked up and down between two persons constantly and without rest for two or three hours. When prussic acid (which is known by its smell, resembling bitter almonds) has been swallowed there is little hope, the action of this poison is so swift and deadly. Lay the patient on his stomach, and dash on to his back large quantities of cold water, putting him under a pump if convenient. Arsenic is almost as deadly. Give mustard and water, and try hard to induce the patient to vomit. In all cases of poisonous food give mustard and water, and afterwards castor oil (two tablespoonfuls). In all cases send for the doctor instantly, and his stomach-pump, useless in your hands, will work wonders. Remember if poison is allowed to remain in the system, there is no hope of re

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Corns and Bunions.-As these are usually caused by wearing short, tight, or high-heeled boots, the preventative is to wear easy ones with moderate heels, and made of soft leather, cloth, or oiled canvass. A bit of soft leather, spread thickly with soap plaster, and with a hole in the middle for the corn, will give relief. A good remedy is to take the skin of a hot boiled potatoe, and put the innerside of it to the corn, leave it on for twelve hours, and the corn will be much better. The above has been tried by many persons, and found to give great relief.-Another method is to rub the corn with pumice stone as long as it can be endured, and repeat until it disappears. For a bunion, if not inflamed, the best remedy is to put upon it first a piece of diachylon plaster, and upon that a piece of leather, with a hole the size of the bunion cut in it. If inflamed, it must be poulticed; if this does not succeed and matter should form, it must be treated as a boil, and the matter let out with a needle or lancet. The following ointment is for an inflamed bunion:-Iodine, twelve grains; lard, or spermaceti ointment, half an ounce. Gently rub in a little piece two or three times a day.

Blistered Feet. -Bathe them on going to bed with strong salt and water, and if tender also add a little vinegar and pounded alum. If the blisters are large, run a stocking needle through them, and leave a bit of the worsted in the blister. If you walk much, use a thick, solid, well-fitting boot, and lamb's wool socks, spreading soft soap on the inside of the foot of the sock, and continue the bathing.

Chilblains.-The following may be applied night and morning :-Tincture of cantharides, two drachms; soap liniment, ten drachms; or, this ointment: calomel and camphor, of each, two drachms; spermaceti ointment, eight drachms; oil of turpentine, four drachms. Mix well. Apply, by gentle friction, two or three times daily. Snow rubbed in is said to be a remedy;

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