Apothecaries' Fluid Measure 188. Apothecaries' Fluid Measure is used by druggists in compounding liquid medicines. TABLE 60 minims (m) make 1 fluid drachm, marked f3. NOTES.-1. The symbols of this measure precede the numbers to which they refer. Thus, 04 f36, is 4 pints 6 fluid ounces. 2. The gallon and pint of this measure are the same as in wine measure. 1. Reduce 03 to f3. 2. Reduce О5 f312 to f3. 3. Reduce cong.1 07 f39 f35 to fluid drachms. 4. Reduce cong.3 05 f57 m42 to minims. 5. Reduce 1348 minims to higher denominations. 6. Reduce 142860 m to cong. II. Dry Measure 189. Dry Measure is used in measuring dry articles; as grain, fruit, salt, etc. NOTE. The 40-quart or "heaped" bushel is used for apples, potatoes, etc. Its dimensions are 181⁄2 inches inside and 8 inches deep. When heaped, the cone must not be less than 6 inches high, and it contains 2747.715 cubic inches. NOTE. The standard unit of Dry Measure is the bushel, which contains 2150.42 cu. inches. 1. Reduce 2 bu. to pints. 2. Reduce 5 bu. 3 pk. to pints. 3. Reduce 2 bu. 2 pk. 2 qt. to pints. 4. Reduce 7 bu. 3 pk. 7 qt. 1 pt. to pints, 1 5. Reduce 384 pt. to bushels. 6. Reduce 47 pt. to pecks. 7. Reduce 2865 pt. to bushels. 8. Reduce 11 bu. 3 pk. 7 qt. 1 pt. to pints. 9. What will 2 bu. of nuts cost at 2c per pint? 10. What will 4 bu. 3 pk. of beans cost at 6c per quart? 11. What will 2 pk. 4 qt. of cherries cost at 43c per pint? 12. What is gained by buying 3 bu. 1 pk. of cherries at 2c per pint and selling same at 31c per pint? 13. A merchant bought 3 bu. of chestnuts at $1.20 per bu., and sold the same at 3c per pint. How much did he gain? 14. I bought 1 bu. 1 pk. 1 qt. berries at 2c per pint and sold same for $2.46. Find the total cost, and the selling price per quart. 15. How many cubic inches in 17 bushels? 16. How many bushels in 15590.545 cu. in.? 17. How many bu. of wheat may be placed in a bin 26 ft. long, 12 ft. high and 9 ft. wide? 18. What is the value at 23c per bu. of potatoes that fill a bin 18 ft. 5 in. long, 7 ft. 8 in. wide and 6 ft. 9 in. high? 19. At 35c a bushel, what is the value of oats which fill a bin 16 ft. long, 6 ft. wide and 4 ft. high? 20. B wishes to build a bin that will hold 2000 bu. of corn. How long must he make the bin if it is 16 ft. wide and 8 ft. high? 21. A wagon whose box is 11 ft. long, 3 ft. 6 in. wide and 2 ft. 4 in. high is filled with barley worth 48c per bu. Find its value. 22. Wheat worth $120 at 75c per bu. fills a bin 5 ft. wide and 4 ft. high. Find the length of the bin. Comparison of Dry and Liquid Measures 190. The Standard Unit of Dry Measure is the bushel, which contains 2150.42 cubic inches. 191. The Standard Unit of Liquid Measure is the gallon, which contains 231 cubic inches, 1. Reduce 2 bu. 3 pk. 6 qt. dry measure to gallons liquid measure. 2. Reduce 1 bbl. 20 gal. 1 qt. to dry measure. 3. I bought 2 bu. 1 pk. 1 qt. of nuts by dry measure, at 4c per qt. I sold same at 4c per qt. by liquid measure. How much did I receive and what was my gain? 4. I bought 21 gal. 3 qt. of strawberries liquid measure at 5c per qt. and sold them by dry measure at 8c per qt. Find gain. 5. A person has 15 gal. of cherries liquid measure, and can sell them at 5c per qt. liquid or c qt. dry measure. Which is the better and how much? 6. A bushel or 32 quarts dry measure contains how many more cubic inches than 32 quarts liquid measure? TIME 192. Time is a measure of duration. The Measures of Time are fixed by the revolutions of the earth on its axis and around the sun. 193. A Day is the time required for the revolution of the earth on its axis. A Year is the time required for the revolution of the earth around the sun. NOTES.-1. The exact length of the solar year is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 48 seconds; but is usually considered to be 365 days, 6 hours. Hence, the year being regarded as 365 days, the odd 6 hours of each year make in 4 years 24 hours, or an additional day, which is added to the shortest month, February, and gives 366 days to every fourth year, called leap year. 2. All leap years are divisible by 4 and all centennial years not divisible by 400 are common years. 194. The year is divided into calendar months and seasons as follows: The number of days in each calendar month may be easily remembered by committing the following lines: "Thirty days hath September, April, June and November; Save February, which alone Hath twenty-eight; and one day more We add to it one year in four." 1. Reduce 2 hrs. to seconds. 2. Reduce 5 da. 8 hrs. to minutes. 3. Reduce 2 da. 7 hr. 45 min. 32 sec. to seconds. 4. Reduce 145 da. 5 hr. 27 min. 18 sec. to seconds. 5. Reduce 9 wk. 5 da. 15 hr. 25 min. to minutes. 6. Reduce 5 yr. 7 mo. 3 wk. 5 da. 16 hr. 42 min. 18 sec. to seconds. 7. Reduce 14600 sec. to hours. 8. Reduce 26345 minutes to weeks. 9. Reduce 41761 min. to months. 10. Reduce 12684500 sec. to higher denominations. 11. How many days are there from March 18 to July 1? CIRCULAR MEASURE 195. Circular Measure is used by surveyors in determining directions, by navigators in fixing the location of vessels at sea and by astronomers in making observations on the heavenly bodies. Every circle, great or small, may be said to be divided into 360 parts called degrees, consequently the length of a degree will vary according to the size of the circle. NOTES.-1. A degree at the equator, also the average degree of lati tude, is equal to 69.16 statute miles. 2. Minutes on the earth's surface are called geographic miles. 1. Reduce 4° 15′ 36′′ to seconds. 2. Reduce 37° 48′ 52" to seconds. 3. Reduce 12346" to higher denominations. 4. How many degrees are there in of the circumference of the earth? 5. How many degrees in 5700 geographic miles? 6. How many minutes or geographic miles in a semi-circumference of the earth? 7. How many statute miles in 180° or the semi-circumference of the earth? 8. A ship was driven out of her course by a storm, 5° 15′ 28′′. How many geographic miles was this? |