SUBTRACTION OF DECIMALS

120. 1. From 36.85 take 25.015.

SOLUTION

36.85

25.015

11.835

To Subtract Decimals

a. Write the numbers so that figures of the same order are in the same column, with the decimal points in a column.

b. Subtract as in whole numbers, supposing any vacant places on the right of the decimal to be filled by ciphers, and write the result beneath, with the decimal point immediately under those above.

a. Write the numbers and multiply as in simple numbers. b. Point off in the product as many figures for decimals as there are decimal places in the multiplicand and multiplier.

NOTE. If the number of figures in the product is less than the number of decimals in the multiplier and multiplicand. prefix ciphers to the product sufficient to make it equal.

2. Multiply 72.18 by .267.

6. Multiply 2.165 by 2.165. 3. Multiply 1.964 by .1362. 7. Multiply 96.87 by .2146. 8. Multiply 140.0165 by 7.37.

4. Multiply 7.48 by 12.4. 5. Multiply 18.95 by 16.47. 9. Multiply 1260.50 by 3.005. 10. Multiply seven-tenths by seven-hundredths.

11. Multiply 145 by one hundred forty-five thousandths. 12. Multiply sixty-five thousandths by twenty-three tenthousandths.

13. Multiply one million by one millionth.

14. I sold 127.5 bushels of wheat at $.8725 per bushel. What Idid I receive for it?

15. Find the result of 145.08 X 3.75 X .003.

16. Bought 28.75 tons of coal at $6.30 per ton, and sold it for $8.125 per ton. How much did I gain?

a. Write the numbers and divide as in integers.

b. Point off as many decimal figures from the right of the quotient as the number of decimal figures in the dividend exceed those in the divisor.

NOTE. If the dividend contains a less number of decimal places than the divisor, enough ciphers must be added before beginning the operation to make the decimal places in the dividend equal those in the divisor.

2. If there is a remainder after dividing the dividend, annex ciphers and continue the division. The ciphers annexed are decimals of the dividend.

2. Divide .675 by .15.

3. Divide $17.48 by 3.8.

7. Divide 53.105 by 247.

8. Divide 12948 by 1.56.

4. Divide 3.822 feet by .49. 9. Divide $4608 by $9.6.

5. Divide .6345 by .027.

6. Divide 2.016 by 24.

12. Divide .50328 by .1864.

10. Divide 691.92 by .0372.

11. Divide 5312.5 ft. by 12.5 ft.

13. Divide 589745 yards by 27.43 yards.

14. How many times is .7854 contained in 12?

15. What is the result of 9 divided by 450?

16. At $.73 per bushel, how many bushels of corn can I buy for $1058.50?

17. At $22.40 each, how many sewing machines can be bought for $716.80?

18. Divide fifteen, and eight hundred seventy-five thousandths, by twenty-five ten-thousandths.

19. Divide thirty-seven, and five thousand six hundred fourteen ten-thousandths by two hundred eighteen millionths.

20. Divide forty-five, and three-tenths by fifteen thousandths.

REVIEW PROBLEMS

123. 1. Add twenty-five thousandths; nineteen, and one hundred forty-six ten-thousandths; four-tenths; nine, and twenty-seven hundredths; thirteen, and forty-five millionths; sixtyfour, and nine hundredths; sixteen, and three-tenths.

2. What is the sum of 81.003 + 5000.4 + 5.0008 + 73.87563 100025 +3.000548.0315?

3. A farmer has three fields; the first has 247.125 acres, the second 128.375 acres, and the third 197.5 acres. How many

acres has he?

4. Find the sum of $28.45, $92.32, $84.23, $174.125, $262.25, $890.625 and $148.

5. I received from A $168.95, from B $365.70, from C $640.20. I paid D $212.45, E $312.27, and F $126.09. How much had I left?

6. From one hundred twenty-five, take one hundred twentyfive ten-thousandths.

7. What is the difference between one million and one

millionth?

8. Multiply .425 by .23.

9. Multiply 36.005 by 20.007.

10. A merchant bought 7 pieces of muslin of 36.75 yards each at $.065 per yard, 9 pieces of flannel of 42.08 yards each at $.1275 per yard, 15 pieces of drilling of 52.4 yards each at $.092 per yard. What was the cost of all?

11. Divide .275 by 800. 12. Divide 1.652 by .236.

13. Divide 2.39015 by .007.

14. If flour is worth $6.475 per barrel, how many barrels can

be bought for $692.825?

15. Reduce .875 to a common fraction,

19. A farmer sold loads of grain, each load containing 463 bushels, at 62ğ cents. What did he receive for the entire quantity of grain?

20. How many times will .05 of 17.875 be contained in .25 of 123?

COMPOUND NUMBERS

124. A Denominate Number is a concrete number which expresses a particular kind of quantity; as 3 feet, 5 pounds.

125. A Compound Denominate Number is one which expresses a quantity in different names, but of the same kind, as 3 feet 4 inches; 5 pounds 7 ounces.

All denominate numbers may be embraced under the following divisions: Value, Weight, Measure and Time.

126. Value is the property of an article which renders it useful.

Value is of three kinds: Intrinsic, Commercial and Nominal. 127. Intrinsic Value is that which is inherent in the article, usually measured by the labor necessary to produce the article.

128. Commercial Value is the value at which an article will exchange for other articles in the markets, or its purchasing power.

129. Nominal Value is that which is named or placed upon an article.

In all civilized countries commercial value is measured in money.

130. Money is a measure of value, and the medium of exchange in business transactions. It usually consists in stamped metals called coin, and printed bills or notes called currency.