Elementary Arithmetic, Oral and Written

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1878 edition. Excerpt: ... i 6-Ht-9 7. If the terms cannot be factored by inspection, work by the second rule. 3O. 9, 1 g C 61 V? 604? / 16SS "" TStT' "-T8IB' OJ-SSTT What is reduction? How is a fraction reduced to higher terms? How is a fraction reduced to lower terms t Give the rule for reducing fractions to their lowest terms. 124. To reduce an improper fraction to a whole or mixed number, How many integral units are there in if-? Illustration.--Since 1 is equal to f, -are equal to as many ones as there are f in-'/, equal to 6. RULE. Divide the numerator by the denominator. EXAMPLES. 1. Reduce $ to a mixed number. Ans. 2. 2. Reduee 3f-to a mixed number. Ans. 5-f. Eeduce the following to mixed numbers: 3. +. 7. &.-11-W 4. #. 8. 44. 12. iff. B. ff. 9. 3f . 13. AA. 6. &. 10. 3-f. 14. iffti. 125. To reduce an integer to a simple fraction having a given denominator. In any number there are twice as many halves as whole ones, three times as many thirds, four times as many fourths, etc. 1. How many halves in 2 apples? Illustration.--Since in 1 apple there are f, in 2 apples there are twice f = $. 2. In 5 bushels of wheat, how many thirds? Illustration.--Since in 1 bushel there are, in 5 bushels there are five times f = J/. 3. Eeduce 8 to a fraction whose denominator is 5. Illustration.--In 1 there are f, in 8 there are 8 times =. From these illustrations we deduce the following RULE. Multiply the integer by the /iven denominator and write the product over that denominator. EXAMPLES. 4. Eeduce 12 to thirds. Reduce 9 to halves. B. Eeduce 9 to eighths. Eeduce 7 to thirds. 6. Eeduce 12 to sixteenths; 13 to fourths. 7. Eeduce 5 to fifteenths; 15 toff I hs. 8. Reduce 14 to eighteenths; 17 to ninths. 9. Reduce 75 to fifths; 84 to thirds. 10....