INDEX-DIGEST

owner

Master and Servant For cases in Dec.Dig. & Am.Dig. Key-No.Series & Indexes see same topic and KEY-NUMBER 86 (2) (N.Y.Sup.) Rules relating to "innu-23(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Plumber or endo" stated.-Hills v. Press Co., 678. applying for plumbing permit held to have suffi89(1) (N.Y.) Statement must De libelous cient interest.-Chapin v. Hogan, 641. per se where no special damages alleged.Brown v. Tregoe, 236 N. Y. 497, 142 N. E. 159.

89(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Circumstances under which special damages should be pleaded stated.-Cortright v. Anderson, 729.

(E) Trial, Judgment, and Review. 123(8) (N.Y.Sup.) Whether language is fair criticism ordinarily for jury.-Hills v. Press Co., 678.

II. SUBJECTS AND PURPOSES OF RELIEF. (A) Acts and Proceedings of Courts, Judges, and Judicial Officers.

61 (N.Y.Sup.) Writ to compel magistrate to allow complainant's counsel to act as sole prosecutor denied.-People ex rel. Pringle v. Conway, 104.

(B) Acts and Proceedings of Public Officers and Boards and Municipalities.

123(10) (N.Y.App.Div.) Question of punitive damages for jury, where article libelous74(4) (N.Y.Sup.) Will lie to compel recanper se.-Kraft v. Stiles & Merriam, 201.

LICENSES.

I. FOR OCCUPATIONS AND PRIVILEGES.

7(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Statute requiring licensing of theater ticket speculators and restricting resale price held proper exercise of police power.-People v. Weller, 149.

7(2) (N.Y.App.Div.) Ordinance prohibiting licenses to aliens to retail soft drinks held valid.-Miller v. City of Niagara Falls, 549.

13 (N.Y.App.Div.) Statute held to merely restrain persons from engaging in business of master or employing plumbers, unless licensed. -Chapin v. Hogan, 641.

vass of votes where arbitrarily refused.-In re Barrett, 20.

74(4) (N.Y.Sup.) Authorization for court to require recanvass of ballots to be found only in Election Law.-People ex rel. Widmeyer v. Grunert, 135.

87 (N.Y.App.Div.) When court should not interfere by mandamus with plans approved by tenement house commissioner.-Kelmenson v. Mann, 358.

Clear case necessary to warrant interference with judgment of tenement house commissioner.-Id.

III. JURISDICTION, PROCEEDINGS,

RELIEF.

AND

164(2) (N.Y.Sup.) Return to alternative writ held insufficient.-Farrington v. Flemming, 3.

180 (N.Y.App.Div.) Peremptory order denied, where real controversy.-Continental Guaranty Corporation v. Craig, 11.

197 (9) (N.Y.App.Div.) Order not reversed, because inspector, refusing to pass on plans, later claims they are defective.-Chapin v. Hogan, 641.

MARRIAGE.

See Divorce; Husband and Wife.

34 (N.Y.App.Div.) Engaged person under duty to disclose diseased condition.-Jacobson v. Jacobson, 96.

37 (N.Y.App.Div.) Wife may sue for annulment for fraud, notwithstanding consummation.-Jacobson v. Jacobson, 96.

40(8) (N.Y.Sup.) Courts will not attribute illegal quality to cohabitation moral in its inception. Sorenson v. Sorenson, 620.

54 (N.Y.Sup.) Common-law marriage held contracted, and not to be annulled.-Sorenson v. Sorenson, 620.

57 (N.Y.Sup.) Action to annul statutory. -Sorenson v. Sorenson, 620.

Action for separation cannot be counterclaimed in action for annulment; "separation;" "annulment."-Id.

60(2) (N.Y.App.Div.). Cohabitation since discovery of fraud only limitation on right to annulment.-Jacobson v. Jacobson, 96.

60(6) (N.Y.App.Div.) In annulment action, judgment cannot be granted on theory other than that pleaded.-Jacobson v. Jacobson, 96. ~60 (7) (N.Y.Sup.) Evidence held not to show concealment or misrepresentation of men. tal condition.-Conrad v. Conrad, 39.

MASTER AND SERVANT.

I. THE RELATION.

(A) Creation and Existence.

10 (N.Y.Sup.) Essential that petitioner's 3(2) (N.Y.Sup.) Whole contract considered rights be clear and complete.-Van Fleet v. in determining intent.-National Cash Register Walsh, 745.

Co. v. Remington Arms Co., 691,

Master and Servant

202 NEW YORK SUPPLEMENT

9 (N.Y.Sup.) Employee, continuing serv- Method of computing compensation for inices, held employed from year to year.-Na-juries in seasonal employment stated.—Id. tional Cash Register Co. v. Remington Arms Average weekly wages of minor compensation Co., 691. claimant must be based on wages in same employment.-Id.

385 (20) (N.Y.App.Div.) Lump sum award to compensation claimant held not in interests of justice.-Mandelblatt v. Auswaks, 383. 387 (N.Y.App.Div.) Compensation for disfigurement, in addition to award for permanent total disability, improper.-Clark v. Hayes, 453. (C) Proceedings.

Employment contract held impliedly to continue, except as expressly modified.-Id. Employer held willing to employ employee at same salary, within contract provisions.-Id. II. SERVICES AND COMPENSATION. (A) Performance of Services. 62 (N.Y.Sup.) Agreement restricting right for a year to enter other employment, and requiring assignment of inventions, held valid.-405 (6) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence held not National Cash Register Co. v. Remington Arms to warrant award to minor compensation claimCo., 691. ant, injured in seasonal employment.--Gruber v. Kramer Amusement Corporation, 413.

Agreement to assign inventions during year following termination of employment construed. -Id.

Second employer of inventor held charged with knowledge of contract with former employer. Id.

TO SERVANT.

MECHANICS' LIENS.

II. RIGHT TO LIEN.

(B) Services Rendered and Materials Fur

nished.

III. MASTER'S LIABILITY FOR INJURIES 35 (N.Y.App.Div.) Not permitted for work to be performed or breach of contract.--Higgins v. G. Piel Co., 874.

(B) Tools, Machinery, Appliances, and Places for Work.

107 (4) (N.Y.App.Div.) Charge that, if place on which employee stepped was not reasonably safe, he was entitled to verdict, held error.Clark v. Brown, 277.

129(6) (N.Y.App.Div.) Defective coupler must be proximate cause of injury.-Hodgert v. Delaware, L. & W. R. Co., 793.

Defective coupler held not proximate cause of injury.-Id.

(H) Actions.

(D) Persons Entitled in General. 93 (N.Y.App.Div.) When failure to substantially perform contract prevents recovery stated.-Jac Bldg. & Const. Co. v. Niecomini, 132.

III. PROCEEDINGS TO PERFECT. 132 (3) (N.Y.App.Div.) Lienor cannot extend time by relying on contract after termination.-Higgins v. G. Piel Co., 874. em-132(8) (N.Y.App.Div.) Time for filing notice held extended by matter occurring after discharge.-Higgins v. G. Piel Co., 874.

278(18) (N.Y.App.Div.) Verdict for ployee, injured by sudden movement of car, held against weight of evidence.-Hodgert v. Delaware, L. & W. R. Co., 793.

147 (N.Y.App.Div.) Notice of lien not stating value or price held invalid.-Higgins v. G.

IV. LIABILITIES FOR INJURIES TO THIRD Piel Co., 874.

PERSONS.

(B) Work of Independent Contractor. 316(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Automobile repairman "independent contractor;" "employee."McCloskey v. Nagel, 34,

318(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Owner, in control of building under construction, held liable for injuries. Shanahan v. Crestonia Const. Corporation, 785.

(C) Actions.

330(3) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence held to warrant finding owner adopted contractor's runway. Shanahan v. Crestonia Const. Corporation, 785.

IV. OPERATION AND EFFECT. (A) Amount and Extent of Lien. 1,61 (2) (N.Y.App.Div.) Architects wrongfully discharged not entitled to lien, based on cost of building when completed.-Higgins v. G. Piel Co., 874.

VII. ENFORCEMENT.

281(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence held to show contractor failed to substantially perform contract.-Jac Bldg. & Const. Co. v. Niccomini, 132. MORTGAGES.

332 (2) (N.Y.App.Div.) Whether store su- See Chattel Mortgages. perintendent was engaged in master's business held question for jury.-Nagler v. James Butler, Inc., 527.

VI. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION ACTS. (A) Nature and Grounds of Master's Lia

bility.

351 (N.Y.Sup.) Remedy under Compensation Law exclusive when applicable.-Sullivan v. Booth & Flinn, 807.

361 (N.Y.App.Div.) Partner held not "employee" within Workmen's Compensation Law. -Le Clear v. Smith, 514.

(B) Compensation.

IV. RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES OF
PARTIES.

194 (N.Y.App.Div.) Mortgagee in posses sion after expiration of agreement held entitled to compensation on basis of agreement.-Gordon v. Krellman, 682.

Annual payment to first mortgagee, to allow mortgage to remain, held properly credited to mortgagee in possession.-Îd.

Mortgagee in possession held properly credited with attorney's and stenographer's expenses in prior accounting action.-Id.

201 (N.Y.App.Div.) Agreement by a mort gagee in possession held to contemplate expenditure for insurance.-Gordon v. Krellman, S2.

385(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Compensation based on average weekly earnings in same "em-202 (N.Y.App.Div.) Mortgagee in posses ployment," not necessarily for same employer. Gruber v. Kramer Amusement Corporation, 413.

sion, held entitled to credit for expenditures for current repairs.-Gordon v. Krellman, 682. Mortgagee in possession held properly cred

INDEX-DIGEST

Municipal Corporations
For cases in Dec.Dig. & Am.Dig. Key-No.Series & Indexes see same topic and KEY-NUMBER

ited with damages caused by automobile run-[position and create similar noncompetitive posi-
ning into building.-Id.
tion not valid.-Id.

Agreement by a mortgagee in possession held
to contemplate expenditure for repairs.-Id.

V. ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE OR DEBT.
269 (N.Y.App.Div.) To extent maker of
note entitled to contribution assignment of
mortgage securing note held good.-Bronner v.
Walrath, 577.

X. FORECLOSURE BY ACTION.
(B) Right to Foreclose and Defenses.

401 (3) (N.Y.Sup.) Demand for payment of
insurance premium necessary before mortgagor
in default.-Phillipi v. Foster, 241.

(F) Pleading and Evidence.
448 (N.Y.Sup.) Complaint held to show
mortgagors not in default at commencement of
action.-Phillipi v. Foster, 241.

(H) Trial or Hearing and Reference.
479 (N.Y.App.Div.) Referee's refusal to
open accounting hearing to admit testimony,
impeaching mortgagee in possession held rever-
sible error.-Gordon v. Krellman, 682.

One improperly called "deputy" not exempt
from civil service examinations.-Id.

217(6) (N.Y.Sup.) Unfiled resignation ef-
fective.-Daley v. Walsh, 750.

Resignation as superintendent of streets held
effective resignation of position of superintend-
ent of streets and parks.-Id.

218(11) (N.Y.Sup.) Futile demand of em-
ployee for reinstatement not necessary.-Van
Fleet v. Walsh, 745.

Refusal to reopen accounting to admit testi-405 (N.Y.Sup.) "Local assessments" defin-
mony impeaching mortgagee on technical ed.-Dinn v. Board of Education of Union Free
grounds held not to conclude mortgagor.-Id. School Dist. No. 4, Town of North Hempstead,
Taking account before referee to period sub- Nassau County, 62.
sequent to interlocutory judgment held not im-425(1) (N.Y.Sup.) Nonrailroad property
proper.-Id.
not exempt from paving assessments for ap-
proaches to bridge.-City of Olean v. Pennsyl-
vania R. Co., 368.

(J) Sale.

521 (N.Y.Sup.) Purchaser compelled to ac-
cept title subject to mortgage given priority by 425 (3) (N.Y.Sup.) Property used for rail-
agreement.-Ehrich v. Ehrich, 357.
road purposes exempt from paving assessments
for approaches to bridge.-City of Olean v.
Pennsylvania R. Co., 368.

MOTIONS.

51 (N.Y.App.Div.) Indorsement on moving
papers, not reciting papers used in motion, is
not an "order."-Traub v. Arrow Mfg. Corpora-
tion, 121.

58 (N.Y.App.Div.) Special Term judge may
correct order.-Traub v. Arrow Mfg. Corpora-
tion, 121.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS.
See Street Railroads.

IV. PROCEEDINGS OF COUNCIL OR
OTHER GOVERNING BODY.

(B) Ordinances and By-Laws in General.
120 (N.Y.Sup.) Zoning resolution held ap-
plicable to building commenced before its pas-
sage in violation of covenant.-Cohen v. Rose-
vale Realty Co., 95.

Zoning resolution has force of statute.-Id.
V. OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYÉS.
(A) Municipal Officers in General.
123 (N.Y.Sup.) Mechanicville
sewer commissioner held employee, and not
"officer."-Van Fleet v. Walsh, 745.

water

empt from assessment for construction of sew-
434 (3) (N.Y.Sup.) School district not ex-
er.-Dinn v. Board of Education of Union Free
School Dist. No. 4, Town of North Hempstead,
Nassau County, 62.

439 (N.Y.Sup.) Map held not to show abut-
ting owner received no benefits from paving
approaches to bridge.-City of Olean v. Penn-
sylvania R. Co., 368.

456 (2) (N.Y.Sup.) Tract not legally sub-
divided cannot be divided for assessment.-Peo-
ple ex rel. Codd v. City of Buffalo, 285.
488, 489 (8) (N.Y.Sup.) Proceedings
clusive as to benefits when not questioned be-
fore proper authorities.-City of Olean v. Penn-
sylvania R. Co., 368.

con-

XI. USE AND REGULATION OF PUBLIC
PLACES, PROPERTY, AND WORKS,
(A) Streets and Other Public Ways.

648 (N.Y.App.Div.) Travel by public for 20
years held not to make "highway" under stat-
ute.-Fountaine v. Fuld & Hatch Knitting Co.,
535.

and 671 (9) (N.Y.App.Div.) Motion seeking to
set up additional facts by supplemental answer
why obstructed street should be discontinued
denied.-Stout v. C. Hiltebrant Dry Dock Co.,
648.

149 (2) (N.Y.Sup.) Ordinance cannot fix
term of office placed by charter at pleasure of
appointing power.-Van Fleet v. Walsh, 745.

(C) Agents and Employés.
216(1) (N.Y.Sup.) Practical to determine
fitness of water and sewer superintendent by
competitive examination.-Van Fleet v. Walsh,
745,

Whether examination for positions practica-
ble question of law.-Id.

. Ordinance purporting to abolish competitive

705(1)(N.Y.App.Div.) Driver negligent
if he does not see approaching vehicle.-Rounds
v. Fitzgerald, 595.

Negligence for driver of motor vehicle to turn
without looking.-Id.

705(1) (N.Y.Sup.) Driver leaving truck un-
attended held to have used more than ordinary
care.-Pesaty v. James A. Hearn & Son, 264.

Truck owner not liable for acts of trespass-
ers, starting unattended truck.-Id.

Municipal Corporations

202 NEW YORK SUPPLEMENT

705 (2) (N.Y.Sup.) Automobile driver having right of way must exercise forbearance.Keating v. Cairns, 317.

705(10) (N. Y. Sup.) Finding

III. CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE. (C) Imputed Negligence.

driver free from contributory negligence held ed negligence not recognized.-Anastasio v. automobile89(1) (N.Y.App.Div.) Doctrine of imputagainst weight of evidence.-Pietraszewski v. American Ry. Express Co., 262. Hedges, 109.

706(3) (N.Y.App.Div.) Burden on plaintiff to show defendants owned automobile causing injury.-Page v. Hirsch, 787.

on fa

ther's negligence imputed to children killed held
95(3) (N.Y.App.Div.) Instruction
not error.-De Cicco v. New York Cent. R.
Co., 716.

IV. ACTIONS.

706(5) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence held to prove pedestrian's negligence.-Cooperstein v. (A) Right of Action, Parties, Preliminary Eden Brick & Supply Co., 63. Proceedings, and Pleading.

706(5) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence held in- 1032 (N.Y.Sup.) Statute of foreign state sufficient to show defendants owned automobile in which railroad accident occurred, relating to causing injury.-Page v. Hirsch, 787. Lehigh Valley R. Co., 717. province of jury, held inapplicable.-Colucci v.

706(5) (N.Y.Sup.) Finding of no contributory negligence held supported by evidence.Keating v. Cairns, 317.

Distances and speeds held to demonstrate negligence of automobile driver having right of way did not contribute to collision.-Id.

(B) Evidence.

134 (3) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence held to show window cleaner was lawfully on premises. -Nagler v. James Butler, Inc., 527.

706 (6) (N.Y.App.Div.) Evidence as to vehicle collision in street held to require denial of nonsuit.-Rounds v. Fitzgerald, 595. (C) Trial, Judgment, and Review. 706 (7) (N.Y.Sup.) Whether 136 (22) (N.Y.Sup.) Evidence as to injuries automobile should have been foreseen held-Bussue v. Wagner Leasing Co., 711. skidding of on stairway held sufficient to prevent dismissal. question of fact.-Keating v. Cairns, 317.

706(8) (N.Y.App.Div.) Instruction concern

NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS.

ing vehicles approaching street intersection See Bills and Notes. held erroneous.-Rounds v. Fitzgerald, 595.

MUTUAL BENEFIT INSURANCE. *
694–754.

See Insurance,

113- See Dismissal and Nonsuit.

(C) Condition and Use of Land, Buildings, and Other Structures.

48 (N.Y.Sup.) Presence of janitor held notice of condition of stairway.-Bussue v. Wag-See Attorney General; District and Prosecutner Leasing Co., 711.

II. PROXIMATE CAUSE OF INJURY. 60 (N.Y.App.Div.) Wrongdoer not liable for remote consequences.-Prudential Society, v. Ray, 614.

62(3) (N.Y.) "Proximate cause" defined -Saugerties Bank v. Delaware & Hudson Co., 236 N. Y. 425, 141 N. E. 904.

(22)

ing Attorneys; Public Service Commissions.

PARDON.

10 (N.Y.Sup.) Conditional parole from reformatory may be revoked.-People ex rel. Haupt v. Lasch, 416.

10 (N.Y.Sup.) Whether parole should be revoked within parole board's discretion.-People ex rel. Ackron v. Hunt, 537.

INDEX-DIGEST

For cases in Dec.Dig. & Am.Dig. Key-No.Series & Indexes see same topic and KEY-NUMBER

14 (N.Y.Sup.) Warrant for retaking pa-1222 (N.Y.Sup.) Rights as to recovery by roled prisoner held sufficient.-People ex rel. partner, wrongfully expelled, stated.-Schnitzer Haupt v. Lasch, 416. v. Josephthal, 77.

(C) Distribution and Settlement Between Partners and Their Representatives.

300 (N.Y.Sup.) Contracts with salesmen for continuation of services not firm assets on

95(1) (N.Y.Sup.) Defect of parties held dissolution.--Bayer v. Bayer, 890. not fatal.-Rice v. Miner, 256.

120 (N.Y.Sup.) Allegations that expelled 82 (4) (N.Y.App.Div.) Insurance company's partner violated partnership agreement, held to raise issue, on motion to strike out defense and counterclaim.-Schnitzer v. Josephthal, 77.