3. Add together 345 deg. 25 m. 30 sec.; 145° 18′ 30′′, 85° 59′ 48′′; 45° 38′ 44′′; and 30° 15′ 19′′.

Ans. 652° 37′ 51′′.

COMPOUND SUBTRACTION.

Teaches to find the difference between any two numbers of diverse denominations.

RULE.

I. Place those numbers under each other which are of the same denomination, the less being below the greater.

II. Begin with the lowest denomination, and if it exceed the number above it, borrow as many units as make one of the next higher denomination; subtract it therefrom, and to the difference add the upper number, remembering always to add one to the next superior denomination for that which you borrowed.

Proof-The method of Proof is the same as Simple Subtraction.

EXAMPLES.

Sterling Money.

1. Borrowed £30 4s. 9d., and paid £5 14s. 6d.; how much remains unpaid?

to the shillings, we cannot take 14s. from 4s., but we borrow 1 from the pounds 20s., and 14s. subtracted from

20s. leave 6s., to which we add the upper number, 4s. making 10s., which we set down. Proceeding to the pounds, we carry 1 to £5 makes £6, which subtracted from £30 leave £24, and the work is done.

6. An English merchant sold goods to the amount of £145 13s. 61d., and received in part payment £55 18s 43d.; how much remained due; or unpaid.

Ans. £89 15s. 1d. 3qrs

3. From 2lb. 11oz. 13pwt. take 1lb. Ooz. 19pwt.

Ans. 1lb. 10oz. 14pwt, 4. A silversmith having 5lb. 3oz. 13pwt. of silver, worked up 11oz. 14pwt. 16grs. of it; how much had he left?

Ans. 4lb. 3oz. 18 pwt. 8grs.

3. From 8T. 13cwt. take 7cwt. 1qr. 14lb. 11oz.

Remain 8T. 5cwt. 2qr. 13lb. 5oz.

4. A merchant bought a hogshead of sugar, containing 9cwt. 2qrs., and sold out of it 5cwt. 3qrs. 16lb. 8oz.; how much remained unsold?

Ans. 3cwt. 2qrs. 11lb. 8oz!

4. Bought a piece of broadcloth, containing 29 yards 3 quarters 1 nail, and sold 9 yards 1 quarter 3 nails off of it; how much remained unsold? Ans. 20yds. 1qr. 2na.

4. A farmer raised 96 bushels of wheat, and sold 36 bushels 3 pecks 4 quarts out of it; how much had he remaining? Ans. 59bu. Opk. 4qts. 5. Subtract 15 bushels 3 pecks 2 quarts 1 pint from 95 bushels, and how much will remain ?

Ans. 79bu. 5qts. 1pint.

pt. gi.

hhd.

10 59

0

1

.

4. From 13hhds, 15 gallons, take 11hhds. 20 gallons 3 quarts. Remain 1hhd. 57gal. 1qt. 5. From a hogshead of molasses, containing 63 gallons, a grocer sold 18 gallons 3 quarts 1 pint; how much remain ed in the hogshead ?

Ans. 44gals. 1pt.

4. From 36 miles 5fur. 26 rods, take 15 miles 1 furlong 36 poles. Ans. 21m. 3fur. 30 poles. 5. The distance from New London to Hartford is 42 miles, If a man start from New London and travel towards Hartford 18m. 5fur. 35 rods, how far will he then be from Hartford? Ans. 23m. 2fur. 5 rods.

4. From 17 acres 3qr. 35 rods, subtract 12 acres 2 roods 14 rods. Remain 5A. 1 rood 2 1rods. 5. If from an enclosure of 45 acres 3 roods and 26 po., there be taken 21 acres 2 roods 39 poles, how much will there be remaining? Ans. 24A. Oqr. 27rds..

4. From 2 tons 38 feet of hewn timber, take 1 ton 46. feet 1536 inches. Remain 41 feet 192in. 5. If from a parcel of wood containing 34 cords 96 feet, there be sold 28 cords 32 feet, how much will be left?

3. From 94 years 134 days, subtract 25 years 156 days Remain 68yrs. 342da. 18h. 20m.

5 hours 40 minutes.

4. William's age is 16 years 3 months and 20 days, and

Henry's is 14 years 6 mo. 19 days; can you tell me how much older William is than Henry?

Ans. lyr. 9mo. 1da.

3. The whole circumference of the earth is 360 degrees. If a ship could circumnavigate the globe by a direct course, how much farther must she sail to complete her voyage; after sailing 248° 55′ 31′′ ? Ans. 111° 04' 29":

EXERCISES IN COMPOUND ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION:

1. Borrowed £62 10s.; paid at one time £14 16s. 8d., and at another time £21 10s.; how much remains unpaid? Ans. £26 3s. 3 d.

2. Bought a hogshead of sugar, weighing 8cwt. 3qrs. 14lb.; sold at one time 3cwt. 1qr. 14lb. 5oz., and at another time 3qrs. 16lb. 12oz. How much remained unsold? Ans. 4cwt. 2qr. 10lb. 15oz. 3. From a piece of broadcloth, containing 56 yards 2 nails, a tailor made 3 suits, each 6 yards 3 qrs:; how much remained in the piece? Ans. 35yds. 3qrs. 2ňa. 4. A merchant bought a hogshead of molasses, containing 65 gallons, and sold at one time 14 gallons 3 quarts, and at another time 9 gallons 2 quarts 1 pint; how much remained in the hogshead? Ans. 40gal. 2qt. 1pt.

5. A man owning a farm of 321 acres 2 quarters, sold one field containing 14 acres 3 roods 19 poles, and another containing 12 acres 1 food; how much land had he left? Ans. 294A. 1qr. 21 rods.

6. From a pile of wood, containing 25 cords, there was sold at one time 10 cords 84 feet, and at another time 6 cords. 84 feet; how many cords were left? Ans. 7cds. 88ft.

7. The distance from Philadelphia to Washington is 138 miles; if a man travel 5 days from Philadelphia towards Washington, viz.: the first day 18 miles 3fur. 25 rods; the